1、医学博士外语-试卷 11 及答案解析(总分：206.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.Section A（分数：10.00）_A.10 yearsago.B.3 years ago.C.In 1999.D.In 2001.A.He knows how to calculate from one to five.B.He does well in math.C.Jack loves hitchhiking which is popular throughout the west.D.Jack is smart enough to travel safety.A.She should move th
2、e desk back.B.She should go to the doctor.C.She should have had someone help him.D.She should have known the desk was heavy.A.Ask the professor if the course will be given again.B.Postpone talking the course.C.Request permission to take the courses together.D.Take the course from a different profess
3、or.A.She is going to miss her first class.B.She prefers going to the dentist later in the day.C.The man will be finished before his first class.D.The man might sleep late and miss his appointment.A.She decided not to cancel her appointment.B.Her new glasses aren“t comfortable.C.She“s too busy to get
4、 a checkup.D.She has to check when the appointment is.A.Discuss a magazine article with the woman.B.Help the woman find a new doctor.C.Go to the store for some medicine.D.Buy the woman some magazines.A.The doctor can see the man this week.B.Appointments must be made two weeks in advance.C.The man sh
5、ould call back on Friday.D.The doctor canceled his appointments on Friday.A.The job“s short hours make it impossible for her to refuse.B.She“s looking forward to meeting her new colleagues.C.She refused the position because of the low salary.D.The job is turning into an excellent opportunity for her
6、.A.The man should see an optometrist.B.She“d like to postpone working on the proposal.C.She wants to know why the proposal was late.D.It won“t take long to write the proposal.A.He sometimes considers changing majors.B.Most people frequently change their minds.C.He rearranged his artwork a while ago.
7、D.Everyone“s inside for a short time.A.John is too far away to hear.B.John is out of money.C.John hasn“t left yet.D.John doesn“t hear well.A.The test was harder than he had anticipated.B.He never does well in biology.C.He was lucky to pass the test.D.Professor Morrison is known for giving hard tests
8、.A.Tea is better than coffee.B.The man should switch to tea.C.There are two reasons not to drink coffee.D.The man shouldn“t drink either.A.She doesn“t care how the movie ended.B.She generally dislikes that type of movie.C.She would rather see a horror film.D.She wasn“t really very frightened.2.Secti
9、on B（分数：10.00）_A.A druggist“s suggestion.B.An article.C.An advertisement.D.A sales clerk“s comment.A.The relationship of purchases made to time spent shopping.B.The length of time required for drugstore shopping.C.The increases in the size and stock of drugstores.D.The buying of clothing from depart
10、ment stores.A.People enjoy shopping in them.B.People spend little time in them.C.People are more likely to buy something in them if time is limited.D.People spend too much time reading articles about quick cures sold in drugstores.A.They know what they want to buy.B.They have little money to spend.C
11、.They talk themselves out of purchases.D.They shop at the cheapest stores.A.The more time you spend shopping, the more money you will spend.B.The less time you spend, the more money you will spend.C.If someone runs into a drugstore for ten minutes, it“s usually to make no purchase.D.It is reported p
12、eople who spend less than ten minutes in a drugstore are five times more likely to make a purchase than those who spend half an hour there.A.There are many controversial issues like the right amount of sleep.B.Among many issues the right amount of sleep is the least controversial.C.People are now mo
13、ving towards solving many controversial issues.D.The right amount of sleep is a topic of much controversy among doctors.A.Because few people can wake up feeling fresh and alert.B.Because some people still feel tired with enough sleep.C.Because some people still feel sleepy with enough sleep.D.Becaus
14、e some people go to bed very late at night.A.Sleeping less is good for human development.B.People ought to be persuaded to sleep less than before.C.It is incorrect to say that people sleep too little.D.Those who can sleep less should be encouraged.A.The author comments on three different opinions.B.
15、The author favors one of the three opinions.C.The author explains an opinion of his won.D.The author revises someone else“s opinions.A.Because their bodies are fatiguedB.Because some people have a greater inertia than others.C.Because they fall asleep quickly and they are reluctant to get up.D.Becau
16、se must make up for the lost sleep.A.A new treatment for people allergic to bee stings.B.A more effective method of preventing bee stings.C.The use of placebos in treating hypersensitive patients.D.Bee venom causing fatal reactions in hypersensitive patients.A.It is widespread.B.It is extremely harm
17、ful.C.It is almost useless.D.It is sensitizing.A.It was a serum prepared from the blood of patients who had been stung.B.It was a serum prepared from poison extracted from bees.C.It was a serum prepared from crushed bodies of bees.D.It was a serum prepared from a placebo and a crushed-body extract.A
18、.By a series of injections given before the patient is exposed.B.By injection immediately after the patient has been stung.C.Orally for six to ten weeks before the patient is stung.D.Orally immediately after the patient is stung.A.Patients treated with venom were stung less frequently.B.Immunotherap
19、y was effective for all patients.C.Immunization took place in seven out of twelve patients.D.The traditional treatment was as effective as the placebo.3.Section A（分数：2.00）_4.The fire must have_after the staff had gone home.（分数：2.00）A.broken downB.broken upC.broken outD.broken off5.When a psychologis
20、t does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people_and ask them questions.（分数：2.00）A.at lengthB.at randomC.in essenceD.in bulk6.My brother“s plans are very_; he wants to master English, French and Spanish before he is sixteen.（分数：2.00）A.abundantB.ambitiousC.arbitraryD.aggressive7.Sh
21、e thought it was_not to know some of the basic facts of her country.（分数：2.00）A.shamefulB.ashamedC.ashameD.ashameful8.Ted agreed to_the strike if the company would satisfy the demand of the workers.（分数：2.00）A.call outB.call toC.call offD.call on9.At the party we found the shy girl_her mother all the
22、time.（分数：2.00）A.centering onB.adhering toC.coinciding withD.clinging to10.The relationship between employers and employees has been studied_.（分数：2.00）A.originallyB.extremelyC.violentlyD.intensively11.Niagara Falls is a great tourist_, drawing millions of visitors every year.（分数：2.00）A.attentionB.att
23、ractionC.appointmentD.arrangement12.Reading_the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.（分数：2.00）A.rectifiesB.prolongsC.minimizesD.furnishes13.The local government gave the first_to education after the war.（分数：2.00）A.projectionB.protectionC.professionD.prio
24、rity14.Section B（分数：2.00）_15.The very sight of the imposing buildings assured these tourists of the significant changes in this city.（分数：2.00）A.instinctiveB.impressiveC.institutionalD.imaginary16.The accepted criteria of adequate diet have been challenged by new discoveries in nutrition.（分数：2.00）A.f
25、ormationsB.componentsC.standardsD.ingredients17.Senior citizens are advised to go in for some creative activities to keep themselves mentally young.（分数：2.00）A.search forB.invest inC.engage inD.work out18.Presumably , excessive consumption of fried foods has serious consequences as has been proved.（分
26、数：2.00）A.TheoreticallyB.PracticallyC.IncrediblyD.Probably19.The sitting-room feels comfortable with the fireplace shedding warm and faint light.（分数：2.00）A.giving offB.calling offC.shaking offD.putting off20.The nasty language of local officials makes them seem very ignorant and rude.（分数：2.00）A.artif
27、icialB.indecentC.humorousD.lively21.We shouldn“t treat children as peers or friends, but guide them in making their choices, even if it means with some discipline .（分数：2.00）A.persuasionB.punishmentC.rewardsD.criticism22.Silk, although it is considered a delicate fabric, is in fact very strong, but i
28、t is adversely affected by sunlight.（分数：2.00）A.softB.sheerC.fragileD.refined23.It is anticipated that this contract will substantially increase sales over the next three years.（分数：2.00）A.apparentlyB.slightlyC.considerablyD.steadily24.The new government embarked upon a program of radical economic ref
29、orm.（分数：2.00）A.initiatedB.producedC.adoptedD.implemented五、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Researchers at Yale University Medical School and the Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center at the Institute of Living in Hartford, Conn., have taken a pretty good look at what happens in the brain of a drunken driver
30、. And it isn“t pretty. Using【C1】_scans, the scientists compared the neural activity that【C2】_on and off like lights on a police car as both sober【C3】_game. The maps of activity in different areas of the brain【C4】_in new detail the impact that drinking has on a complicated【C5】_task such as driving. “
31、No one had seen that in a scanner【C6】_.“ said Dr. Godfrey Pearlson, a Yale psychiatrist and director of the Olin Center. Pearlson and Vince Calhoun, a researcher at Yale and Olin, first conducted brain scans on【C7】_drivers as they played the driving simulation game and then as they watched others pl
32、ay the game. Those scans gave the researchers a baseline of【C8】_activity in the unimpaired driver. Subjects were then given a low dose or a high dose of boozeenough to get their blood alcohol content to either 0.04 percent or 0.10 percent. An inebriated driver often will speed because alcohol has af
33、fected the cerebellum, a primitive area of the brain involved in【C9】_function, the researchers found. But drunken drivers【C10】_in and out of traffic because of errors in the front parietal cortex, which translates sensory information and helps in the decision-making process, Pearlson said. Drinking
34、did not seem to change activity in five other areas of the brain associated with driving, such as vision centers, the researchers found. But to the surprise of no one, the more the subjects drank, the more trouble they had with their driving.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.imagedB.imageC.imagineD.imagi
35、ng(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.flickeredB.turnedC.shoneD.illuminated(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.practiceB.licenseC.simulationD.drinking(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.involvedB.revealedC.stimulatedD.conducted(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.mentalB.licensedC.learningD.mantel(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.forC.everD.before(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.inebriate
36、dB.drinkingC.soberD.sane(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.centralB.neutralC.neuralD.sensible(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.mentalB.motorC.neuroticD.cautious(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.weaveB.diveC.fadeD.appear六、Part Reading Compre(总题数：6，分数：60.00)During the past 30 years or so, health care has increasingly become a form of business.
37、In addition, the environment surrounding health care has been greatly altered by the advent of more sophisticated medical technologies and increased specialization. It is no longer true to say that doctors regard their profession as a sacred calling, and while the doctor-patient relationship still r
38、emains, it is not the relationship based solely on trust which it used to be. Of course there are many doctors who have endeavored to increase the transparency of their behavior as medical professionals, and patients can receive effective treatment when such doctors work closely together and share n
39、otes. An example of such cooperation can be found in the field of remote health care, which has been introduced on an experimental basis in several regions. Since most medical specialists live in cities, patients who live in the country have to travel a long distance to consult a specialist. This is
40、 especially hard on the elderly, both financially and physically. Through a computer network, patients who live in the country can consult a medical specialist in the city, tell him their symptoms, and receive advice without the need for a journey to the specialist“s office. Also, with several docto
41、rs being assigned to a single patient, the transparency of each doctor“s behavior is further ensured. On the other hand, however, it is also true that remote health consultation is not generally regarded as a form of medical treatment. For any sort of consultation to be regarded as medical treatment
42、, most people feel that the patient must actually visit the doctor, and undergo an examination by the doctor in person. Remote health care is essentially a means for doctors to work as a team. In order for this to be practicable, it is important to establish a system whereby financial support can be
43、 extended to a doctor who, as a member of a medical team, provides only information. Establishment of such a system will further advance the cause of“ free access to information“ in the health care field.（分数：10.00）(1).Which is the best title for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Doctors: Patients“ Reliable Fri
44、ends.B.Health Care in a Dilemma.C.Information Technology Applied to Medical Services.D.Doctor-patient Relationships.(2).As a result of the altered environment surrounding health care, medical practice_.（分数：2.00）A.has experienced great changesB.has changed its natureC.has abolished the doctor-patient
45、 relationshipD.has lost its trust on the part of doctors and patients(3).When they work closely together and share notes, doctors can_.（分数：2.00）A.work in a remote areaB.transparentize their behaviorC.set up a relationship with patientsD.treat financially and physically disadvantaged patients(4).The
46、writer urges that_.（分数：2.00）A.remote health care be implementedB.doctors be sent to the countryC.people turn down traditional medical treatmentD.a system offering doctor“s financial aid be set up(5).It can be concluded that_.（分数：2.00）A.information will play an important part in the field of medical
47、treatmentB.medical professionals will be more specializedC.the difference between cities and the country will never be eliminatedD.it is impossible for patients to be treated without seeing doctors themselvesChildren are getting so fat they may be the first generation to die before their parents, an
48、 expert claimed yesterday. Today“s youngsters are already falling prey to potential killers such as diabetes because of their weight. Fatty fast-food diets combined with sedentary lifestyles dominated by televisions and computers could mean kids will die tragically young, says Professor Andrew Prentice, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. At the same time, the shape of the human body is going thro
