1、全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题 2003 年及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.thoughtB.ideaC.opinionD.adviceA.strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhanceA.careB.nutritionC.exerciseD.leisureA.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.BecauseA.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.toleranceA.claimedB.admiredC.ignored
2、D.surpassedA.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wiseA.in effectB.as a resultC.for exampleD.in a senseA.displayingB.describingC.creatingD.exchangingA.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multipleA.groupB.individualC.personnelD.corporationA.consentB.insuranceC.admissionD.securityA.particularlyB.barelyC.definitelyD.rarely
3、A.similarB.longC.differentD.shortA.if onlyB.now thatC.so thatD.even ifA.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.somethingA.offB.downC.outD.aloneA.On the contraryB.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On the other handA.makingB.standingC.planningD.takingA.capabilityB.responsibilityC.proficiencyD.efficiency二、BSection
4、 Readi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.The emergence of the Net has _.（分数：2.00）A.received support from fans like DonovanB.remolded the intelligence servicesC.restored many common pastimesD.revived spying as a profession22.Donovans story is mentioned in the text to _.（分数：2.00）A.introduce the topic of online spying
5、B.show how he fought for the U. SC.give an episode of the information warD.honor his unique services to the CIA23.The phrase “making the biggest splash“ ( Line 1 ,Paragraph 3 ) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.causing the biggest troubleB.exerting the greatest effortC.achieving the greatest successD
6、.enjoying the widest popularity24.It can be learned from paragraph 4 that _.（分数：2.00）A.Straitfords prediction about Ukraine has proved trueB.Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its informationC.Straitfords business is characterized by unpredictabilityD.Straitford is able to provide fairly reli
7、able information25.Straitford is most proud of its _.（分数：2.00）A.official statusB.nonconformist imageC.efficient staffD.military background三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The author begins his article with Edmund Burkes words to _.（分数：2.00）A.call on scientists to take some actionsB.criticize the misgui
8、ded cause of animal rightsC.warn of the doom of biomedical researchD.show the triumph of the animal rights movement27.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is _.（分数：2.00）A.cruel but naturalB.inhuman and unacceptableC.inevitable but viciousD.pointless and wasteful28.The example
9、 of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the publics _.（分数：2.00）A.discontent with animal researchB.ignorance about medical scienceC.indifference to epidemicsD.anxiety about animal rights29.The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should _.（分数：2.0
10、0）A.communicate more with the publicB.employ hi- tech means in researchC.feel no shame for their causeD.strive to develop new cures30.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is _.（分数：2.00）A.a well - known humanistB.a medical practitionerC.an enthusiast in animal rightsD.a supporter of animal rese
11、arch四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because _.（分数：2.00）A.cost reduction is based on competitionB.services call for cross -trade coordinationC.outside competitors will continue to existD.shippers will have the railway by the throat32.W
12、hat is many captive shippers attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?（分数：2.00）A.Indifferent.B.Supportive.C.Indignant.D.Apprehensive.33.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that _.（分数：2.00）A.shippers will be charged less without a rival railroadB.there will soon be only one railroad co
13、mpany nationwideC.overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate reliefD.a government board ensures fair play in railway business34.The word “arbiters“ ( Line 5, Paragraph 4 ) most probably refers to those _.（分数：2.00）A.who work as coordinatorsB.who function as judgesC.who supervise transaction
14、sD.who determine the price35.According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by _.（分数：2.00）A.the continuing acquisitionB.the growing trafficC.the cheering Wall StreetD.the shrinking market五、BText 4/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.What is implied in the first sentence?（分数：2.00）A.Am
15、ericans are better prepared for death than other people.B.Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.C.Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.D.Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.37.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that _.（分数
16、：2.00）A.medical resources are often wastedB.doctors are helpless against fatal diseasesC.some treatments are too aggressiveD.medical costs are becoming unaffordable38.The authors attitude toward Richard Lamms remark is one of _.（分数：2.00）A.strong disapprovalB.reserved consentC.slight contemptD.enthus
17、iastic support39.In contrast to the U.S. ,Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care _.（分数：2.00）A.more flexiblyB.more extravagantlyC.more cautiouslyD.more reasonably40.The text intends to express the idea that _.（分数：2.00）A.medicine will further prolong peoples livesB.life beyond a certain limit
18、 is not worth livingC.death should be accepted as a fact of lifeD.excessive demands increase the cost of health care六、BPart B/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)_七、BSection Writi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)46.IYou should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET . /I （分数：20.00）_全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题 2003 年答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟
19、)一、BSection Liste(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.thought B.ideaC.opinionD.advice解析：试题分析 本题考查学生根据上下文理解的能力。 详细解答 后文 to 引出的介词短语实际上是所填词的定语，根据 how 引导的从句来比较四个选项，显然，A 正确。A.strengthenB.accommodate C.stimulateD.enhance解析：试题分析 本题考查动词辨析。 详细解答 所填词的宾语为 changes，这里填入 accommodate切题，表示“使适应”，strengthen v.加强，巩固；stimulate vt刺激，激励；e
20、nhance vt.提高，增强。A.careB.nutritionC.exercise D.leisure解析：试题分析 本题考查上下文的理解。 详细解答 根据上下文，所填词应与 movement 在意思上相关，故对比选项可知，C 为正确答案。A.IfB.AlthoughC.WhereasD.Because 解析：试题分析 本题考查句子关系的判断。 详细解答 根据上下文，可判断所填词后文是一原因从句，所以这里用 because 引导恰当。A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidence D.tolerance解析：试题分析 本题考查根据上下义解题。 详细解答 根据 that
21、 引导的定语从句，对比选项：assistance n协助，援助，补助；guidance n.指导，领导；confidence n信心；tolerance n. 宽容忍受，容忍，显然，C 为正确答案。A.claimedB.admired C.ignoredD.surpassed解析：试题分析 本题考查动问辨析。 详细解答 claim vt.(根据权利)要求，认领，声称；ad mire v.赞美，钦佩，羡慕；ignore vt.不理睬，忽视；surpass vt.超越胜过。结合上文。填入 B 切题。A.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wise 解析：试题分析 本题考查根据上下文理解。
22、 详细解答 前文提到 but not just in ways that emphasize competition，而这里指出 the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition，所以，根据后文的解决办法，这里用 wise 较恰当。A.in effectB.as a resultC.for example D.in a sense解析：试题分析 考查句子间关系的判断。 详细解答 后面几个分词短语都是前文所说内容的例子，对其进行说明，故此处填入 C 正确。A.displaying B.describi
23、ngC.creatingD.exchanging解析：试题分析 考查动词的辨析。 详细解答 所填词表示“展出”的意思。display vt.陈列，展览，显示；describe vt描写，记述，形容；create vt.创造，创作；exchange vt交换，调换。所以 A 正确。A.durableB.excessiveC.surplusD.multiple 解析：试题分析 本题考查形容词词义辨析。 详细解答 durable adj.持久的，耐用的；excessive adj.过多的，过分的，额外；surplus adj.过剩的，剩余的；multiple adj.多样的，多重的。根据上下文，选
24、D 正确。A.group B.individualC.personnelD.corporation解析：试题分析 考查根据上下文判断词义。 详细解答 结合前文的 small clubs，这里填入 group最为恰当。A.consentB.insuranceC.admissionD.security 解析：试题分析 本题考查词义辨析。 详细解答 consent n.同意，赞成，允诺；insurance n保险，保险单，保险业，保险费；admission n.允许进入；security n.安全。显然，填入 D 正确。A.particularlyB.barely C.definitelyD.rar
25、ely解析：试题分析 本题考查根据上下文选用副词。 详细解答 particularly adv独特地，显著地；barely adv. 仅仅, 刚刚，几乎不能；definitely adv明确地，干脆地；rarely adv很少地，罕有地。根据上文，这里选用 barely 符合文意。A.similarB.longC.different D.short解析：试题分析 本题考查根据常识判断。 详细解答 根据我们的生活常识，孩子们的注意力集中的时间不会很长，这里应填入 C 符合常理。A.if onlyB.now thatC.so that D.even if解析：试题分析 考查句子逻辑关系判断。 详细
26、解答 根据上下文，后文与前面为顺承关系，这里只能填入 so that 符合句意。A.everythingB.anythingC.nothingD.something 解析：试题分析 本题考查不定代词的辨析。 详细解答 所填词要与 else 连用，只能用 something。A.offB.down C.outD.alone解析：试题分析 本题考查动词搭配辨析。 详细解答 let off v.放出，饶恕，准许暂停工作；let down v.使失望，辜负；let out v.放掉，泄露，放大，出租； let alone v.不管，不打扰，根据句意，填入 B 切题。A.On the contrary
27、B.On the averageC.On the wholeD.On the other hand解析：试题分析 本题考查语句关系的判断。 详细解答 根据上下文理解，此句与前文为对比关系，所以用 on the contrary 正确。A.makingB.standingC.planning D.taking解析：试题分析 本题考查搭配的判断。 详细解答 四个选项中，只有 plan 与 role 搭配恰当符合句意。A.capability B.responsibilityC.proficiencyD.efficiency解析：试题分析 本题考查问义辨析。 详细解答 capability n.(实
28、际)能力，性能，容量，接受力；responsibility n.责任，职责；proficiency n.熟练，精通，熟练程度；efficiency n.效率，功效。根据句意判断，填入 A 恰当。二、BSection Readi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.The emergence of the Net has _.（分数：2.00）A.received support from fans like DonovanB.remolded the intelligence services C.restored many common pastimesD.revived spying as
29、 a profession解析：试题分析 本题为文章细节分析题。 详细解答 根据文章第一段最后一句话，我们知道“现在，互联网已改变了人们买书和写信的消遣方式，同时也在重新塑造多诺万的行业”。所以不难判断答案为B。A 得到了像多诺万这样的网迷的支持；C 恢复了许多普通消遣活动；D 复兴了间谍行业，都不对。22.Donovans story is mentioned in the text to _.（分数：2.00）A.introduce the topic of online spying B.show how he fought for the U. SC.give an episode o
30、f the information warD.honor his unique services to the CIA解析：试题分析 本题考查综合分析能力。 详细解答 本文的宗旨是要讲述以互联网为工具的新兴行业，提及多诺万仅仅是为了引出话题。文章并为对多诺万的故事进行展开，所以，正确答案为 A。23.The phrase “making the biggest splash“ ( Line 1 ,Paragraph 3 ) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.causing the biggest troubleB.exerting the greatest ef
31、fortC.achieving the greatest success D.enjoying the widest popularity解析：试题分析 本题考查根据上下文理解词义的能力。 详细解答 根据第三段的后面内容，我们可知道史垂特福德公司是在“the new world”中的佼佼者，这里选 C 应该最为恰当。24.It can be learned from paragraph 4 that _.（分数：2.00）A.Straitfords prediction about Ukraine has proved trueB.Straitford guarantees the truth
32、fulness of its informationC.Straitfords business is characterized by unpredictabilityD.Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information 解析：试题分析 本题为事实归纳判断题。 详细解答 最后一句虽然讲的是风险，但不难看出它只是对前文的补充，本段真正的意图其实是说史垂特福德公司可提供相对可靠的消息。故答案 D 切题。25.Straitford is most proud of its _.（分数：2.00）A.official statusB.
33、nonconformist image C.efficient staffD.military background解析：试题分析 本题考查对细节的了解。 详细解答 根据最后两句话的内容，显然他们为观点与华盛顿的不一致而骄傲。三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The author begins his article with Edmund Burkes words to _.（分数：2.00）A.call on scientists to take some actions B.criticize the misguided cause of animal righ
34、tsC.warn of the doom of biomedical researchD.show the triumph of the animal rights movement解析：试题分析 本题为综合分析题。 详细解答 文章的最后几句话实际上是对这个开场白的照应。综合全文的内容，作者是呼吁科学家们采取行动，A 应为正确答案。27.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is _.（分数：2.00）A.cruel but naturalB.inhuman and unacceptable C.inevita
35、ble but viciousD.pointless and wasteful解析：试题分析 本题考查对文章细节的了解， 详细解答 根据第三段最后一句；对于那些不明白动物研究是这些治疗以及新方法和疫苗所必须的人来说，动物研究看上去至少是浪费，甚至是残忍的。显然，选项 B 最为切题。28.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the publics _.（分数：2.00）A.discontent with animal researchB.ignorance about medical science C.indiffere
36、nce to epidemicsD.anxiety about animal rights解析：试题分析 本题为细节分析题。 详细解答 文章在举了这个例子后作了说明“这样的人只是不理解”。显然，正确答案为 B。29.The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should _.（分数：2.00）A.communicate more with the public B.employ hi- tech means in researchC.feel no sh
37、ame for their causeD.strive to develop new cures解析：试题分析 本题考查对文章细节的了解。 详细解答 文章第三段指出“科学家们应该把他们的观点以耐心的、容易理解的、人性化的方式，而不是用分子生物学的语言交流给公众”。由此可以推断，正确答案为 A。30.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is _.（分数：2.00）A.a well - known humanistB.a medical practitionerC.an enthusiast in animal rightsD.a supporte
38、r of animal research 解析：试题分析 本题为综合推断题。 详细解答 要推断此题答案，唯一的线索就是他的一句话，但我们看看文章最后一句话，显然是有意与此对应，在意思上应是一致的，所以不难推断此人是支持动物研究的。故答案为 D。四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.According to those who support mergers railway monopoly is unlikely because _.（分数：2.00）A.cost reduction is based on competitionB.services call for c
39、ross -trade coordinationC.outside competitors will continue to exist D.shippers will have the railway by the throat解析：试题分析 考查对细节的了解。 详细解答 文章第二段明确指出了原因：超级公司的支持者认为这些合并将降低花费，提高服务质量。他们认为垄断的威胁，将被来自卡车的竞争抵消。所以，答案为C。32.What is many captive shippers attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?（分数
40、：2.00）A.Indifferent.B.Supportive.C.Indignant. D.Apprehensive.解析：试题分析 本题为根据内容综合判断题。 详细解答 铁路公司的合并，意味着其垄断地位的加强，运输收费的提高，这就使得托运商们不得不“忧虑”，故正确答案为 D。33.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that _.（分数：2.00）A.shippers will be charged less without a rival railroadB.there will soon be only one railroad company n
41、ationwideC.overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief D.a government board ensures fair play in railway business解析：试题分析 本题考查根据事实推导的能力。 详细解答 最后一句话指出：认为被过高收费的托运人可以向政府的陆路运输部申诉，以降低收费，但是此过程花费高，又费时，而且对特别严重的个例才有用。所以，很容易判断，C 为正确答案。A 没有竞争的铁路公司，托运商将被更低的收费，B 全国将很快只有一家铁路公司，D 政府部门确保了铁路运输的公平竞争，都没
42、有事实依据，不正确。34.The word “arbiters“ ( Line 5, Paragraph 4 ) most probably refers to those _.（分数：2.00）A.who work as coordinatorsB.who function as judges C.who supervise transactionsD.who determine the price解析：试题分析 本题考查根据上下文推测词义的能力。 详细解答 前文指出“in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of deter
43、mining which companies will flourish and which will fail”，可以由此推断该词词意为 who function as judges35.According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by _.（分数：2.00）A.the continuing acquisition B.the growing trafficC.the cheering Wall StreetD.the shrinking market解析：试题分析 本题考查根据
44、内容分析推断能力。 详细解答 本文最后一段正是对此原因的分析。文中指出铁路公司仍入不敷出不敷出是因为他们要花费大量钱去收购别的公司，造成了价格上涨，并举了一个例子来进行说明，因此可推断 A 为正确答案。五、BText 4/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.What is implied in the first sentence?（分数：2.00）A.Americans are better prepared for death than other people.B.Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.C.Ame
45、ricans are over-confident of their medical technology. D.Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.解析：试题分析 本题为根据事实推理题。 详细解答 第一句话说：有一种说法，在英国死是被迫的，加拿大是不可避免的，美国是可选择的。似乎 C，D 都正确，但结合最后一句，我们国家也许在设法治愈不可能治愈的病人上花费过多，而在研究增加人口寿命的一般方法上花费太少了。对比一下，显然 C 更为合理。37.The author uses the example of cancer
46、 patients to show that _.（分数：2.00）A.medical resources are often wasted B.doctors are helpless against fatal diseasesC.some treatments are too aggressiveD.medical costs are becoming unaffordable解析：试题分析 本题为事实分析题。 详细解答 作者在举这个例子前表明的内容是；我们要求所有事情都能解决，即使是没什么作用的。显然这个例子是为进一步说明的，指出“最典型的例子是.”，故答案 A 正确。38.The authors attitude toward Richard Lamms remark is one of _.（分数：2.00）A.strong disapprovalB.reserved consent C.slight contemptD.enthusiastic support解析：试题分析 本题为事实理解题。 详细解答 文章第四段作者指出：I
