1、全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题 2002年及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.laterA.afterB.byC.duringD.untilA.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measureA.processB.companyC.lightD.formA.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.pickedA.onB.outC.overD.offA.ofB.forC.beyondD.intoA.conceptB.dimension
2、C.effectD.perspectiveA.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.thereforeA.broughtB.followedC.stimulatedD.characterizedA.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.althoughA.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausibleA.institutionalB.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumentalA.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.facultyA.by means ofB.in terms ofC.with
3、 regard toD.in line withA.deeperB.fewerC.nearerD.smallerA.contextB.rangeC.scopeD.territoryA.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effectedA.competitiveB.controversialC.distractingD.irrationalA.aboveB.uponC.againstD.with二、BSection Readi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.To make your humor work, you should _.（分数：2.00）A.ta
4、ke advantage of different kinds of audienceB.make fun of the disorganized peopleC.address different problems to different peopleD.show sympathy for your listeners22.The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are _.（分数：2.00）A.impolite to new arrivalsB.very conscious of their god
5、like roleC.entitled to some privilegesD.very busy even during lunch hours23.It can be inferred from the text that public services _.（分数：2.00）A.have benefited many peopleB.are the focus of public attentionC.are an inappropriate subject for humorD.have often been the laughing stock24.To achieve the de
6、sired result, humorous stories should be delivered _.（分数：2.00）A.in well - worded languageB.as awkwardly as possibleC.in exaggerated statementsD.as casually as possible25.The best title for the text may be _.（分数：2.00）A.Use Humor EffectivelyB.Various Kinds of HumorC.Add Humor to SpeechD.Different Humo
7、r Strategies三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in _.（分数：2.00）A.the use of machines to produce science fictionB.the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC.the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous workD.the elites cunning tackling of dangerous a
8、nd boring work27.The word “gizmos“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.programsB.expertsC.devicesD.creatures28.According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can _.（分数：2.00）A.fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgeryB.interact with huma
9、n beings verballyC.have a little common senseD.respond independently to a changing world29.Besides reducing human labor, robots can also _.（分数：2.00）A.make a few decisions for themselvesB.deal with some errors with human interventionC.improve factory environmentsD.cultivate human creativity30.The aut
10、hor uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are _.（分数：2.00）A.expected to copy human brain in internal structureB.able to perceive abnormalities immediatelyC.far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant informationD.best used in a controlled environment四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)3
11、1.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is _.（分数：2.00）A.global inflationB.reduction in supplyC.fast growth in economyD.Iraqs suspension of exports32.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if _.（分数：2.00）A.price of crude risesB.commodity pri
12、ces riseC.consumption risesD.oil taxes rise33.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich Countries _.（分数：2.00）A.heavy industry becomes more energy -intensiveB.income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC.manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD.oil price changes
13、have no significant impact on GDP34.We can draw a conclusion from the text that _.（分数：2.00）A.oil -price shocks are less shocking nowB.inflation seems irrelevant to oil -price shocksC.energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD.the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry35.
14、From the text we can see that the writer seems _.（分数：2.00）A.optimisticB.sensitiveC.gloomyD.scared五、BText 4/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.From the first three paragraphs, we learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients painB.it is still illegal for doctors to help the
15、 dying end their livesC.the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician- assisted suicideD.patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide37.Which of the following statements is true according to the text?（分数：2.00）A.Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients death.B.Modern medicine
16、 has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.C.The Court ruled that high - dosage pain - relieving medication can be prescribed.D.A doctors medication is no longer justified by his intentions.38.According to the NASs report, one of the problems in end- of-life care is _.（分数：2.00）A.prol
17、onged medical proceduresB.inadequate treatment of painC.systematic drug abuseD.insufficient hospital care39.Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive“ (Line 2, Pargraph 7 )?（分数：2.00）A.Bold.B.Harmful.C.Careless.D.Desperate.40.George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be pun
18、ished if they _.（分数：2.00）A.manage their patients incompetentlyB.give patients more medicine than neededC.reduce drug dosages for their patientsD.prolong the needless suffering of the patients六、BPart B/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)_七、BSection Writi(总题数：1，分数：20.00)46.IYou should write about 200 words neatly on AN
19、SWER SHEET ./I （分数：20.00）_全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题 2002年答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.between B.beforeC.sinceD.later解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 between 在此处为副词，含义为“(表示时间)之间”；before 含义为“在之前”；since 的含义为“从开始”；later 的含义为“后来”。A.afterB.byC.duringD.until 解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义搭配题。 详细解答 after 的含
20、义为“在之后”；by 的含义为“到之前”；during 的含义为“在期间”；“until”与 not搭配，含义为“直到才”，根据上下文，此处选 D最合适。A.meansB.methodC.medium D.measure解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 A，B，D 三项的含义都为“方式，方法，手段”；C 的含义为“媒介”。因为此处指的是报纸，所以选择 C项最合适。A.processB.company C.lightD.form解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义搭配题。 详细解答 in the process of 的含义为“在过程之中”； in the company 的含义为“与
21、一起”；in the light of 的含义为“按照，根据”;in the form of的含为“以的形式”。根据上下文，此处选 B最合适。A.gatheredB.speeded C.workedD.picked解析：试题分析 本题是一动词词义搭配题。 详细解答 gather up 含义为“收集，收拢(分散的东西)”；speed up的含义为“加速”；work up 的含义为“逐渐发展；改进”；pick up 含义为“拣起”。根据上下文，此处选 B最合适。A.on B.outC.overD.off解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义搭配题。 详细解答 此处要求考生填入一个表示“持续，继续”含义的副
22、词，综合分析，四个选择项，只有选项 A符合要求。A.ofB.forC.beyondD.into 解析：试题分析 本题是一道介词搭配题。 详细解答 本题要求填入一个与 lead搭配使用的介词，in to与 lead搭配含义为“领导，带领”，因此此处选 D项最合适。A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective 解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义搭配题。 详细解答 concept 的含义为“概念，观念”；dimension一般不与 in搭配；“in effect”意为“事实上”；perspective 与 in搭配；含义为“正确地”。根据上下文，此处选 D最合适。A
23、.indeedB.henceC.however D.therefore解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 indeed 的含义为“真正的”；hence 的含义为“因此”；however 的含义为“然而”；therefore 的含义为“由此”。根据上下文，此处选 C最合适。A.broughtB.followed C.stimulatedD.characterized解析：试题分析 本题是一道同义辨析题。 详细解答 brought 的含义为“被带来”；followed的含义为“由随之而来”；stimulated 含义为“为所刺激”；characterized 的含义为“以为特征”。此
24、处计算机的产生在集成电路之前，所以正确答案为 B。A.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.although 解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 unless 的含义为“除非”；since 的含义为“既然”；lest 的含义为“以免”；although 的含义为“虽然”。根据上下文，此处选 D最合适。A.apparent B.desirableC.negativeD.plausible解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 apparent 的含义为“明显的”；desirable 的含义为“值得做的”；negative 的含义为“否定的；消极的”；plausible
25、 的含义为“似乎可信的”。根据上下文，此处选 A最合适。A.institutional B.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumental解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 institution 的含义为“社会公共机构的”；universal的含义为“普遍的”；fundamental 的含义为“基本的”；instrumental 的含义为“有作用的”。根据上下文，此处选 A最合适。A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacity D.faculty解析：试题分析 本题是一道近义词辨析题。 详细解答 ability 的含义为“能力”，cap
26、ability 的含义为“能力”；capability 的含义为“容量，容积”；faculty 的含义为“才能，能力”。根据句意，此处选 C最合适。A.by means ofB.in terms of C.with regard toD.in line with解析：试题分析 本题是一道搭配题。 详细解答 by means of 含义为“通过手段”；In terms of含义为“以的措词，用的话”；with regard to 含义为“鉴于”；In line with 含义为“与一致”。根据句意，此处选 B最合适。A.deeperB.fewerC.nearerD.smaller 解析：试题分析
27、 本题是一道搭配题。 详细解答 四个选项的含义不难理解，因为是要修饰distance，所以用“smaller”最合适。A.context B.rangeC.scopeD.territory解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 context 的含义为“某事发生的环境，背景”；range的含义为“范围”；scope 的含义为“范围，范畴”;territory 的含义为“领土”。根据上下文，此处选 A最合适。A.regardedB.impressedC.influenced D.effected解析：试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。 详细解答 regard 的含义为“认为”，impre
28、ss 的含义为“给印象”；influence 的含义为“影响”effect 的含义为“产生效果”。根据上下文此处选C最合适。A.competitiveB.controversial C.distractingD.irrational解析：试题分析 本题为词义辨析题。 详细解答 competitive 的含义为“竞争的”；controversial含义为“有争议的”；distracting 含义为“令人分心的”；irrational 的含义为“不合理的”。A.aboveB.uponC.against D.with解析：试题分析 本题是一道搭配题。 详细解答 against 有“与成对比，对照”的
29、含义，根据上下文，选项 C为正确答案。二、BSection Readi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.To make your humor work, you should _.（分数：2.00）A.take advantage of different kinds of audienceB.make fun of the disorganized peopleC.address different problems to different people D.show sympathy for your listeners解析：详细解答 文章第一段中间提到：“Depending on
30、whom you are addressing，the problems will be different”答案C与此相符。故为正确答案。而Atake advantage of different kinds of audience，文中没有这样的说法；D、D又与原文有偏差，故只有C为正确答案。22.The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are _.（分数：2.00）A.impolite to new arrivalsB.very conscious of their godlike role C.e
31、ntitled to some privilegesD.very busy even during lunch hours解析：详细解答 选项Aimpolite to new arrivals 与文意虽然相符，但这却是表面含义，并且与题中“暗示”的要求不合； Centitled to some privileges 也不妥，因为假如真的给了特权，他们在笑活中就用不着自己动手，“rushes to the head of the line”了。而Dvery busy even during lunch hours也只叙述了笑话中的表面现象，而并非暗示意义。故只有B是正确答案，而且巧妙地将医生的职
32、业习惯与 God结合起来了。23.It can be inferred from the text that public services _.（分数：2.00）A.have benefited many peopleB.are the focus of public attentionC.are an inappropriate subject for humorD.have often been the laughing stock 解析：详细解答 这是一道综合判断题。文中中间部分提到：邮局和电信等公共服务部门通常是“替罪羊”，“You will be on safer ground i
33、f you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system”与D的表述相符，故为正确答案。24.To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered _.（分数：2.00）A.in well - worded languageB.as awkwardly as possibleC.in exaggerated statementsD.as casually as possible 解析：详细解答 文中第四段谈到：“.Include
34、a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relax ed and unforced mannerOften its the delivery which causes the audience to smile”。其中“casual”与“off-the-cuff”(即兴)告诉我们，要想使观众发笑(即达到幽默的预期目的)，就应当随便用词，即兴，故D为正确答案。25.The best title for the text may be _.（分数：2.00）A.Use Humor Eff
35、ectively B.Various Kinds of HumorC.Add Humor to SpeechD.Different Humor Strategies解析：详细解答 本题是考查考生的综合概括能力。文章第段谈论要使观众发笑，应知道如何识别共有的经验问题；第二段运用医生的笑话，谈论了幽默使人发笑的要素，综合一下，便是答案AUse Humor Effectively。三、BText 2/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in _.（分数：2.00）A.the use of machines to
36、 produce science fictionB.the wide use of machines in manufacturing industryC.the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work D.the elites cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work解析：详细解答 本题考查考生对细节的理解能力。文章一开始即谈到：“Since the dawn of human ingenuity，people have devised ever more cunning too
37、ls to cope with work that is dangerous，boring，burdensome.”这是一个过去完成时，反过来也可以这么说：“Since people devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work.”，“demonstrate human ingenuity has began”，其中，“dawn”意为“demonstrate”，“devised”意为“in vented”。故C为正确答案。27.The word “gizmos“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably mea
38、ns _.（分数：2.00）A.programsB.expertsC.devices D.creatures解析：详细解答 本题测试考生根据上下文判断词意的能力。文中第二段提到：“As a result，the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed human labor”，“gizmos”之后的定语从句即解释了它的确切含义：“whose presencewhose
39、 universal existence has removed human labor”“它的永久存在已转移到了劳动中。”那么，可以设想：能转移劳动力的，一定是某种设备或装置了。故C devices(设备，装置)是正确答案，而Aprograms(项目)， Bexperts(专家)，Dcreatures(生物)均不合题意。28.According to the text, what is beyond mans ability now is to design a robot that can _.（分数：2.00）A.fulfill delicate tasks like performin
40、g brain surgeryB.interact with human beings verballyC.have a little common senseD.respond independently to a changing world 解析：详细解答 本题考查考生对文中细节的理解。文中第三段谈到：“we cant yet give a robot enough common sense to reliably interact with a dynamic world。”其中“we cant yet give”可理解为题中“Beyond mans ability now”(现在超出
41、了人类的能力)；“interact with”可理解为“response”，“dynamic”意为“changing”，“reliably”即为“independently”，综上所述，正确答案为 D。29.Besides reducing human labor, robots can also _.（分数：2.00）A.make a few decisions for themselvesB.deal with some errors with human intervention C.improve factory environmentsD.cultivate human creati
42、vity解析：详细解答 本题测试考生对细节的掌握。第二段中谈到了机器人可以减少人工劳动，第三段又提到“，we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,”(我们知道如何告诉机器人去处理一个具体错误。)，故正确答案为 B。30.The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are _.（分数：2.00）A.expected to copy human brain in internal structureB.able to perceive abnormali
43、ties immediatelyC.far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information D.best used in a controlled environment解析：详细解答 本题考查考生对细节的综合思维能力。最后一段提到：“But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant，instantaneously focusing on
44、 the monkey at the side of a winding forest road”(人的大脑能够瞥见快速变幻的场景，快速排除 98%不相关的东西，能瞬间在起风的林间小路上将目光集中在猴子身上。”句子中“monkey”和“forest”是相关的事物，换言之，也就是说“人们有能快速将相关的事物集中在一起的能力”。接下来，文中也谈到：“The most advanced computer systems on Earth cant approach that kind of ability”(世界上最先进的计算机也不具备这种能力)故，机器人不能将相关事物集中一起。”那么C为正确答案。
45、四、BText 3/B(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is _.（分数：2.00）A.global inflationB.reduction in supply C.fast growth in economyD.Iraqs suspension of exports解析：详细解答 文章第一段第二句就是该句的答案。该句中有个关键词 Since，这一连词是引导原因的，因此其原因就是 OPEC 同意削减石油的供应(supply-cuts)。32.It can be inferred from t
46、he text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if _.（分数：2.00）A.price of crude risesB.commodity prices riseC.consumption risesD.oil taxes rise 解析：详细解答 文章第三段谈到原油的费用只占石油制品价格的一小部分，而税金却占零售石油价格的五分之四之多，因此，本题选 D项。33.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich Countries _.（分数：2.00）A.heavy industry becomes more energy -intensiveB.income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC.manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD
