1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 488 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_Almost every year since the end of the financial c
2、risis has started with rosy expectations among American forecasters, and this one is no different. Stock markets are buoyant, consumer confidence is improving, and economic seers are raising their growth forecasts for 2014. Americas S before the mid-1970s it was closer to the Commonwealth than to co
3、ntinental Europe. That generation grew up doubtful about diversity. East European immigrants, who began arriving in large numbers in the mid-2000s, doubly offend them. Bobby Duffy of Ipsos MORI, who has conducted focus groups with members of this generation, reports that the prospect of retirement m
4、akes people worry about their childrens chances. For Generation X, mass immigration, European integration and multiculturalism are part of the furniture. They grew up in a more individualistic Britain; which, says Mr. Ford, explains their relative distaste for authority, homogeneity and flag-waving.
5、 This, like university attendance (more common among this group than their parents), tends to make people more tolerant of different races and nationalities. Thus Generation Xs experiences are closer to those of Generation Y than to the baby boomersa fact reflected in Ipsos MORIs findings.（分数：10.00）
6、(1).We can infer from Paragraph 1 that _.（分数：2.00）A.the U. K. has strict travel restrictionsB.all Britons support travel restrictionsC.most people like travelling to BritainD.most developed countries dislike immigration(2).Which generation seems to dislike immigrants most?（分数：2.00）A.The younger gene
7、ration.B.Generation Y.C.Generation X.D.Baby boomers.(3).Robert Ford found that _.（分数：2.00）A.the views of the young and the old are converging in GermanyB.generation gap is larger in the U.K., compared with many othersC.Britain seems to be unique because people have different viewsD.the gap between t
8、he old and the young in Germany is larger than in Britain(4).Which one is NOT true about baby boomers?（分数：2.00）A.They are dubious about diversity.B.They hate immigrants from Eastern Europe.C.They worry about their own prospect when they retire.D.They are concerned about their childrens opportunities
9、.(5).Which of the following are true about generation X except _.（分数：2.00）A.mass immigration and cultural integration are the most important factors to themB.individualism is their basic ideologyC.authority and homogeneity are not favored by themD.their experiences are identical to Generation YsOf a
10、ll the goods and services traded in the market economy, pharmaceuticals are perhaps the most contentious. Though produced by private companies, they constitute a public good, both because they can prevent epidemics and because healthy people function better as members of society than sick ones do. T
11、hey carry a moral weight that most privately traded goods do not, for there is a widespread belief that people have a right to health care. Innovation accounts for most of the cost of production, so the price of drugs is much higher than their cost of manufacture, making them unaffordable to many po
12、or people. Firms protect the intellectual property (IP) that drugs represent and sue those who try to manufacture and sell patented drugs cheaply. For all these reasons, pharmaceutical companies are widely regarded as vampires who exploit the sick and ignore the sufferings of the poor. These critici
13、sms reached a summit more than a decade ago at the peak of the HIV plague. When South Africas government sought to legalise the import of cheap generic copies of patented AIDS drugs, pharmaceutical companies took it to court. The case earned the nickname “Big Pharma v Nelson Mandela“. It was a low p
14、oint for the industry, which wisely backed down. Now arguments over drugs pricing are rising again. Activists are suing to block the patenting in India of a new Hepatitis C drug that has just been approved by American regulators. Other clashes are breaking out, in countries from Brazil to Britain. B
15、ut the main battlefield is the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a proposed trade deal between countries in Asia and the Americas. The parties have yet to reach an agreement, partly because of the drug-pricing question. Under the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, a deal signed in
16、 1994, governments can allow a generic drugmaker to produce a patented medicine. Americahome of most of the worlds big pharma, whose consumers pay the worlds highest prices for drugswants to use the TPP to restrict such compulsory licences to infectious diseases, while emerging-market countries want
17、 to make it harder for drug firms to win patents. The reoccurrence of conflict over drug pricing is the result not of a sudden emergency, but of broad, long-term changes. Rich countries want to slash health costs. In emerging markets, people are living longer and getting rich-country diseases. This
18、is boosting demand for drugs for cancer, diabetes and other chronic diseases. In emerging markets, governments want to expand access to treatment, but drugs already account for a large share of health-care spending. Meanwhile, a wave of innovation is producing expensive new treatments.（分数：10.00）(1).
19、Pharmaceuticals are important because _.（分数：2.00）A.they carry a moral weightB.they can prevent and cure diseasesC.they can reflect a countrys economyD.they will make society function better(2).According to Paragraph 2, we can learn that _.（分数：2.00）A.innovation is the most important thing for product
20、ionB.poor people can hardly afford drugsC.drugs cost more than their manufacturingD.some companies are considered as exploiters(3).The example of HIV plague is to _.（分数：2.00）A.illustrate how drug firms protect the price of the drugB.demonstrate AIDS is an extremely hazardous diseaseC.prove that gove
21、rnment has nothing to do to cut down the price of the drugD.show how the nickname “Big Pharma v Nelson Mandela“ was earned(4).The main idea of Paragraph 4 is _.（分数：2.00）A.battles in medical fieldB.cases of patented drugsC.conflicts among countriesD.arguments over medicine price(5).According to the l
22、ast paragraph, which one is true about emerging markets?（分数：2.00）A.Most people suffer from long-term diseases.B.People get diseases much more easily than before.C.Peoples lifespan has been greatly prolonged.D.Imported drugs price has been greatly cut down.考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 488 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、
23、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_解析：Almost every year since the end of the financial crisis has started with rosy expectation
24、s among American forecasters, and this one is no different. Stock markets are buoyant, consumer confidence is improving, and economic seers are raising their growth forecasts for 2014. Americas S before the mid-1970s it was closer to the Commonwealth than to continental Europe. That generation grew
25、up doubtful about diversity. East European immigrants, who began arriving in large numbers in the mid-2000s, doubly offend them. Bobby Duffy of Ipsos MORI, who has conducted focus groups with members of this generation, reports that the prospect of retirement makes people worry about their childrens
26、 chances. For Generation X, mass immigration, European integration and multiculturalism are part of the furniture. They grew up in a more individualistic Britain; which, says Mr. Ford, explains their relative distaste for authority, homogeneity and flag-waving. This, like university attendance (more
27、 common among this group than their parents), tends to make people more tolerant of different races and nationalities. Thus Generation Xs experiences are closer to those of Generation Y than to the baby boomersa fact reflected in Ipsos MORIs findings.（分数：10.00）(1).We can infer from Paragraph 1 that
28、_.（分数：2.00）A.the U. K. has strict travel restrictions B.all Britons support travel restrictionsC.most people like travelling to BritainD.most developed countries dislike immigration解析：解析：根据第一段第二句：Sure enough, when travel restrictions on Romanians and Bulgarians 我们知道选项 A 的表述是正确的。选项 B 文章中未提及，只是在首句提到：B
29、ritons dislike immigration. (英国人不喜欢移民。)并没有提到英国人是否支持旅游限制，故该项错误。选项C 和 D 无中生有。故答案为选项 A。(2).Which generation seems to dislike immigrants most?（分数：2.00）A.The younger generation.B.Generation Y.C.Generation X.D.Baby boomers. 解析：解析：根据题干中的“generation”，“immigrants”等关键词以及出题顺序可以定位到第二段。该段第二句提到：Although immigrant
30、s are often said to deprive younger Britons of entry-level jobs and housing, 虽提及 younger Britons(即 A 项的 younger generation)，但并未提到他们对移民的看法，故选项 A 不是正确答案。而后半句说：members of Generation Y (born in 1980 or later) and Generation X (born between 1966 and 1979) are ambivalent towards them. 通过这句话我们知道 Y 一代和 X 一代
31、对于移民的态度是“ambivalent(矛盾的)”，也非题目问的 dislike most，故非答案。该段倒数第二句提到：By contrast, the baby boomers (born between 1945 and 1965) and the old, who benefit most from cheap carers and cleaners, counterintuitively think immigrants a drag. 从中可以得知婴儿潮这代人认为移民是“drag(累赘)”，故这个群体是所有人中最不喜欢移民的人，从而得出该题答案为选项 D。(3).Robert Fo
32、rd found that _.（分数：2.00）A.the views of the young and the old are converging in GermanyB.generation gap is larger in the U.K., compared with many others C.Britain seems to be unique because people have different viewsD.the gap between the old and the young in Germany is larger than in Britain解析：解析：根
33、据题干中的“Robert Ford”定位到第三段第二行的“According to Robert Ford”一处，故答案来自之后的一句话，即该段最后一句：the gap between the old and the young is larger in Britain than in America, France or Spain, too. 根据该句可以判断出选项 B 与之是同义替换关系，其余选项都非该题目所问答案。(4).Which one is NOT true about baby boomers?（分数：2.00）A.They are dubious about diversit
34、y.B.They hate immigrants from Eastern Europe.C.They worry about their own prospect when they retire. D.They are concerned about their childrens opportunities.解析：解析：根据题干中的“baby boomers”和出题顺序定位到第四段，该段围绕婴儿潮这一代人进行讨论。选项 A 与该段第三句“That generation grew up doubtful about diversity”对应。其中“that generation”指代上文提
35、到的“baby boomers”，“doubtful 对应该项的 dubious”，故选项 A 表述正确，非答案。选项 B 对应该段“East European immigrants, who began arriving in large numbers in the mid-2000s, doubly offend them”这句话。其中“doubly offend them(加倍冒犯了他们)”相当于该项的“hate”，故该项表述正确，非答案。选项 C 和 D 对应该段最后一句：reports that the prospect of retirement makes people wor
36、ry about their childrens chances. 可见 baby boomers 担心的是自己子孙的问题，而非自身问题，故 D 正确，C 错误，即 C 项为该题的答案。(5).Which of the following are true about generation X except _.（分数：2.00）A.mass immigration and cultural integration are the most important factors to themB.individualism is their basic ideologyC.authority a
37、nd homogeneity are not favored by them D.their experiences are identical to Generation Ys解析：解析：选项 A 是对末段第一句的曲解，原文说“mass immigration, European integration and multiculturalism are part of the furniture”，“part of”表示“是的一部分”，不能等同于选项中的“the most important factors”。选项 B 是对原文末段第二句的曲解，“they grew up in a more
38、 individualistic Britain”不代表“个人利己主义是他们的基本意识形态”，属于夸大了原意。选项 D 是对最后一句的误解。“Thus Generation Xs experiences are closer to those of Generation Y than to the baby boomersa fact reflected in Ipsos MORIs findings”中的“are closer to”表示“更近”，不表示“identical(一模一样)”。选项 C 符合最后一段“their relative distaste for authority, h
39、omogeneity and flag-waving”，“relative distaste”表示“相对的厌恶”，显然可以推出和覆盖选项 C 中的“not favored”，即“不赞成”之意。Of all the goods and services traded in the market economy, pharmaceuticals are perhaps the most contentious. Though produced by private companies, they constitute a public good, both because they can pre
40、vent epidemics and because healthy people function better as members of society than sick ones do. They carry a moral weight that most privately traded goods do not, for there is a widespread belief that people have a right to health care. Innovation accounts for most of the cost of production, so t
41、he price of drugs is much higher than their cost of manufacture, making them unaffordable to many poor people. Firms protect the intellectual property (IP) that drugs represent and sue those who try to manufacture and sell patented drugs cheaply. For all these reasons, pharmaceutical companies are w
42、idely regarded as vampires who exploit the sick and ignore the sufferings of the poor. These criticisms reached a summit more than a decade ago at the peak of the HIV plague. When South Africas government sought to legalise the import of cheap generic copies of patented AIDS drugs, pharmaceutical co
43、mpanies took it to court. The case earned the nickname “Big Pharma v Nelson Mandela“. It was a low point for the industry, which wisely backed down. Now arguments over drugs pricing are rising again. Activists are suing to block the patenting in India of a new Hepatitis C drug that has just been app
44、roved by American regulators. Other clashes are breaking out, in countries from Brazil to Britain. But the main battlefield is the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), a proposed trade deal between countries in Asia and the Americas. The parties have yet to reach an agreement, partly because of the drug
45、-pricing question. Under the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, a deal signed in 1994, governments can allow a generic drugmaker to produce a patented medicine. Americahome of most of the worlds big pharma, whose consumers pay the worlds highest prices for drugswants to use the T
46、PP to restrict such compulsory licences to infectious diseases, while emerging-market countries want to make it harder for drug firms to win patents. The reoccurrence of conflict over drug pricing is the result not of a sudden emergency, but of broad, long-term changes. Rich countries want to slash
47、health costs. In emerging markets, people are living longer and getting rich-country diseases. This is boosting demand for drugs for cancer, diabetes and other chronic diseases. In emerging markets, governments want to expand access to treatment, but drugs already account for a large share of health
48、-care spending. Meanwhile, a wave of innovation is producing expensive new treatments.（分数：10.00）(1).Pharmaceuticals are important because _.（分数：2.00）A.they carry a moral weightB.they can prevent and cure diseases C.they can reflect a countrys economyD.they will make society function better解析：解析：根据题干中的“pharmaceuticals”一词定位到第一段。该段首句提到：pharmaceuticals are perhaps the most contentious(药品也许是最受争议的。)显然这与该题题于中 important 一词不符，而我们从后面会找到这么一句：they const
