1、考研英语（阅读）-试卷 85 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part B（分数：10.00）_You are going to read a list of headings and a text about several things that people with anxiety should know. Choose the most suitable heading from the list
2、 A-G for each numbered paragraph(1-5). There are two extra headings which you do not need to use. AAnxiety has many other forms. BAnxiety is considered to be a normal reaction to stress. CThe most common anxiety disorder is generalized anxiety disorder. DAnxiety disorders can resolve with treatment.
3、 EAnxiety is a normal human emotion. FAnxiety can be either a short term“state“ or a long term “trait“. GTreatment of anxiety disorders includes psychotherapy or medication, or a combination. Dr. Jeffrey Borenstein is the medical director and chief executive of Holliswood Hospital, a private psychia
4、tric hospital in Queens, N. Y. A psychiatrist, he specializes in the treatment of anxiety disorders, affective disorders and related substance abuse issues. He is also chairman of the section on psychiatry at the New York Academy of Medicine and is the host of a public television series called “ Hea
5、lthy Minds“. “Anxiety disorders are common, but most people think they are the only people experiencing them,“ Dr. Borenstein said. “If someone thinks they have a problem or a family member has a problem, they probably do, and should seek help. “ Here are five things that he says people with anxiety
6、 should know. 1 We all experience it under certain circumstances. But people whose feelings of nervousness or fear prevent them from functioning at home, work or school or in social situations may be suffering from an anxiety disorder. They should seek professional help. 2 The degree of tension in p
7、eople with this condition ranges widely. Some people are able to work, but they don“t perform at the level they are capable of or avoid taking on new responsibilities and challenging assignments. Some have anxiety so severe that they can“t hold a job, can“t sleep and have difficulty taking care of t
8、hemselves. They may also have physical symptoms like sore muscles, headaches or feelings of shakiness. 3 In panic disorder, people may experience overwhelming and debilitating symptoms, including shortness of breath, a pounding heart, sweating and even chest pain. Some people think they are having a
9、 heart attack, but it is really a panic attack. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is marked by recurring irrational fears that lead to obsessive behaviors like washing the hands or checking door locks repeatedly to calm anxiety about germs or intruders. A third type is post-traumatic stress disorder, in
10、 which recollection of a past trauma triggers severe anxiety. 4 Psychotherapy can help patients identify the triggers of their anxiety. Patients can also learn relaxation and other techniques to reduce the intensity of symptoms. It“s important to seek help from a qualified professional with expertis
11、e in anxiety, because anxiety disorders can be difficult to diagnose or may appear in tandem with other mental illnesses like depression or bipolar disorder or with chemical dependency. 5 Effective treatment can leave patients free of symptoms and better able to manage their psychological responses.
12、 In some people changes in diet, like reducing caffeine, can bring significant relief. Scientists have also found a correlation between exercise and improved brain function, including those parts of the brain involved in managing stressors. These insights make it all the more important that people s
13、uffering from anxiety seek qualified professional help as quickly as possible.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two
14、 extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Students apply to college online, e-mail their papers to their professors and, when they want to be cheeky, pass notes in class by text-messaging. But that doesn“t necessarily mean they have a high Internet IQ. 1 Or as Lorie Roth, assistant vice
15、 chancellor of academic programs at California State University puts it: “Every single one that comes through the door thinks that if you just go to Google and get some hits you“ve got material for your research paper right there. “ That“s why Cal State and a number of other colleges are working wit
16、h ETS to create a test to evaluate Internet intelligence, measuring whether students can locate and verify reliable online information and whether they know how to properly use and credit the material. 2“If you don“t come to the university with it, you need to know that you are lacking some skills t
17、hat educated people are expected to have. “ A preliminary version of the new test, the Information and Communication Technology Literacy Assessment, was given to 3,300 Cal State students this spring to see how well it works, i. e. testing the test. 3 Next year, the test is expected to be available f
18、or students to take on a voluntary basis. Cal State is the lead institution in a consortium which includes UCLA, the University of Louisville, the California Community College System, the University of North Alabama, the University of Texas System and the University of Washington. Some of the instit
19、utions involved are considering using the test on incoming students to see if they need remedial classes, says Egan, ETS“ project manager for the Information and Communication Technology Literacy Assessment. 4 Robert Jimenez, a student at Cal State-Fullerton who took the prototype test this spring,
20、gives it a passing grade. “ It was pretty good in that it allowed us to go ahead and think through real-life problems. “ 5So, a question on bee sting remedies presents a choice of sites ranging from ads to a forum for herb treatments to(the correct answer)a listing from the National Institutes of He
21、alth, identifiable by having “nih“ in the URL(site address)along with the “. gov“ suffix that connotes an official government listing. High tech has been a fixture of higher ed for some years. A 2002 report from the Pew Internet & American Life Project found that 79 percent of college Internet users
22、 thought the Internet had a positive impact on their academic experience. More than 70 percent used the Internet more than the library and 56 percent said e-mail improved their relationships with professors. ASample questions include giving students a simulated page of Web search results on a partic
23、ular subject and asking students to pick the legitimate sources. BIndividual scores aren“t being tallied but campuses will be getting aggregate reports. CWhich doesn“t necessarily mean they all “suddenly become fabulous information evaluators and seekers, but it gives them a little bit of an idea th
24、at this isn“ t something that“ s apart from learning“. D“This test measures a skill as important as having mathematics and English skills when you come to the university,“ says Roth. EOther schools are thinking about giving the test as a follow up to communications courses to gauge curricula efficie
25、ncy. F“They“re real comfortable instant-messaging, downloading MP3 files. They“re less comfortable using technology in ways that require real critical thinking,“ says Teresa Egan of the Educational Testing Service. GRoth notes that the bulk of the assessment focuses on critical thinking skills, bein
26、g able to analyze the legitimacy of Web sites, and knowing the difference between properly cited research and plagiarism, things that “haven“t changed very much since I enrolled in college in 1969“.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_You are going to read a list of headings and a text about
27、 some tips for learning to read a foreign language. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(1-5). There are two extra headings which you do not need to use. ALook up words, but not every word. BSound out the language as you are reading it. CMake sure the text i
28、s big enough. DLearn something about the culture in which the language developed. ERead something that“s fun. FTake breaks. GWhen reading a new author, go more slowly in the first few pages. Let“s suppose you“ve studied the basics of a foreign language and now wish to become more fluent in reading i
29、t. What do you do? As I“ve studied several foreign languages over the years, I“ve discovered some strategies that help. 1 When learning to read a foreign language we should remember that every real tongue(as opposed to a constructed language, like Esperanto)is first and foremost a spoken form of com
30、munication. Every foreign language was spoken for many years before it was written down. There“s good reason to believe that the spoken word comes more easily to us than the written page. When a person reads a foreign language out loud, it slows the pace down, and makes the reader pay more attention
31、 to each word. It helps us distinguish very similar words, and prevents us from skipping over those little words that are sometimes easy to miss when learning to read a foreign language. 2 This may sound pretty basic, but I discovered as I was learning to read a foreign language that text sizes that
32、 are easy to read in English are harder to read in, say, Greek or Spanish. Of course, if you are having an extreme problem, the first thing you might want to do is have your eyes checked. But if that is not the problem, while you are learning to read in a foreign language you may wish to select book
33、s with slightly larger text or to use reading glasses, even if you do not usually use them. 3 Of course if you are learning to read in a foreign language you want to have a good dictionary of the foreign language you are trying to learn. But contrary to popular belief, when learning a foreign langua
34、ge, it“s not always necessary to look up every word you don“t know. For example, if you are only unfamiliar with one word in a phrase you are reading, but the meaning is clear from the context, it may not be necessary to reach for the dictionary. Let the context be your guide. Most of us, when we ar
35、e learning to read our native tongues, do not look up every word, and the same applies as we are learning a foreign language. 4 Even when we are reading our native languages, it“s easy to see that authors have favorite words and phrases and their own particular styles. As you are learning to read a
36、foreign language you will see that the same principle applies. Once you have looked up a few of the writer“s favorite words, and once you have gotten used to his or her idiosyncrasies, it will become easier to read a text written in a foreign language. 5 Even in English, when the author writes about
37、 something entirely outside of our own experience, it can be difficult to understand what he or she is saying. If you study the Culture of the foreign language you are trying to learn it will give the language context. When trying to read an article about contemporary Mexico in Spanish, I came acros
38、s several passages about conflicts between the different ethnic groups. Because I had already read about the “conquistadors“ or conquerors, it was easier to understand what was happening. In learning to read a foreign language, we should realize that we are learning a new skill. It is a very natural
39、 human skill, but a new skill all the same. Reading a foreign language is not as easy as reading your native tongue, and you“ll want to read shorter passages and stop more often than if you were reading your native English. When selecting material for your study of a foreign language, remember it“s
40、easier to keep reading a story if you“re enjoying it. We shouldn“t think of learning a foreign language as purely a chore. Get a novel that looks interesting or a book of short stories written in the foreign language you are studying. I found it much easier to learn a new language when I purchased a
41、 book that structured its lessons around a mystery story. I think this may be the most important tip on learning to read a foreign language that I can give you. Because when we don“t enjoy doing something, we generally don“t continue with it. And the more you learn, the more you“ll enjoy it.（分数：10.0
42、0）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 1-5, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-G to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you
43、in Boxes. ATesla Motors aims to alter that perception. The venture, based in California and financed by Elon Musk, the founder of PayPal, and Larry Page and Sergey Brin, the co-founders of Google, has unveiled a two-seat sports car. It will cost $ 89 ,000, and Tesla aims to sell a couple of thousand
44、 of them before introducing a cheaper, four-seat version. BThere was one gripe, though. Some of the petrolheads at Tesla“s launch party complained that the silence of the electric motor was too alien. They missed the grunt and growl of an internal- combustion engine. A Tesla engineer nearby came bac
45、k with an idea: “We“ll program the software to have a variety of engine roars, just like ring tones on mobile phones. “ CThere is no doubting its breathtaking quickness. And the range of 400km is a heroic accomplishment, made possible by the use of advanced lithium-ion batteries and lightweight carb
46、on-fibre bodywork. Dr. Musk, the firm“s chairman, concedes that racing Ferraris all the time would reduce the range somewhat, but points out that, using the American government“s methodology, the car“s fuel efficiency is the equivalent of 52. 5km per litre of petrol(135 miles per American gallon). T
47、he average new American car gets less than 12km per litre. DTesla, though, aims to be even greener than that, according to Dr. Musk. The firm plans to offer optional solar-photoelectric systems, to be set up as a car port at home, that will be able to power the cars for 80km a day without having to
48、draw on the grid. Given that the average driver travels less than this, the idea promises, as Dr. Musk puts it, to “make our cars energy positive“for those with Santa Monica“s reliable sunshine, at least. EAsk people if they would buy a new electric car and most will respond blankly. After all, electric cars have not been seen in large numbers for nearly a century, and the golf carts and milk floats that repre
