1、考研英语（阅读）-试卷 33及答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：7，分数：70.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_Since the pre-historic times, man has had an urge to
2、satisfy his needs. Be it hunger, shelter or search for a mate, he has always manipulated the circumstances to the best of his advantages. Probably this might be the reason why we human are the most developed of all living species on the earth, and probably also in the universe. As we climbed the ste
3、ps of evolution with giant leaps, wesomehow left behind common sense and logical thinkingwe forgot that we have stopped thinking ahead of times. If you are hungry, what do you do? Grab a piece of your favorite meal and stay quiet after that? Just like your stomach, even your mind is hungry. But it n
4、ever lets you know, because you keep it busy thinking about your dream lover, favorite star and many such absurd things. So it silently began to heed to your needs and never let itself grow. When mind loses its freedom to grow, creativity gets a full stop. This might be the reason why we all sometim
5、es think “What happens next?“, “Why can“t I think?“, “Why am I always given the difficult problems?“ Well this is the aftermath of our own karma of using our brain for flunking of not-so-worthy things. Hunger of the mind can be actually satiated through extensive reading. Now why reading and not wat
6、ching TV? Because reading has been the most educative tool used by us right from the childhood. Just like that to develop other aspects of our life, we have to take help of reading. You have innumerable number of books in this world which will answer all your “How to?“ questions. Once you read a boo
7、k, you just don“t run your eyes through the lines, but even your mind decodes it and explains it to you. The interesting part of the book is stored in your mind as a seed. Now this seed is unknowingly used by you in your future to develop new ideas. The same seed if used many times, can help you lin
8、k and relate a lot of things, of which you would have never thought of in your wildest dreams! This is nothing but creativity. More the number of books you read, your mind will open up like never before. Also this improves your oratory skills to a large extent and also makes a significant contributi
9、on to your vocabulary. Within no time you start speaking English or any language fluently with your friends or other people and you never seem to run out of the right words at the right time.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Paragraph 1, the human are the most developed of all living species most probably
10、because we have _.（分数：2.00）A.had needs and desires to satisfyB.been able to think ahead of timesC.taken advantage of the environmentD.had common sense and logical thinking(2).When you are busy thinking about your dream lover, _.（分数：2.00）A.you are not actually thinkingB.your mind is no longer hungryC
11、.your mind doesn“t let itself growD.you are not aware of what you need(3).The author most probably agrees that thinking about “What happens next?“ is _.（分数：2.00）A.uncreativeB.unreliableC.worthlessD.thoughtless(4).The word “satiated“ (Para. 3) can best be replaced by “_“.（分数：2.00）A.expressedB.satisfi
12、edC.enhancedD.aroused(5).Oratory skills will be improved when _.（分数：2.00）A.your vocabulary is powerfulB.you can link and relate thingsC.your creativity growsD.you read extensivelyDivorce doesn“t necessarily make adults happy. But toughing it out in an unhappy marriage until it turns around just migh
13、t do, a new study says. The research identified happy and unhappy spouses, culled from a national database. Of the unhappy partners who divorced, about half were happy five years later. But unhappy spouses who stuck it out often did better. About two-thirds were happy five years later. Study results
14、 contradict what seems to be common sense, says David Blankenhorn of the Institute for American Values, a think-tank on the family. The institute helped sponsor the research team based at the University of Chicago. Findings will be presented in Arlington, Va., at the “Smart Marriage“ conference, spo
15、nsored by the Coalition for Marriage, Families and Couples Education. The study looked at data on 5,232 married adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. It included 645 who were unhappy. The adults in the national sample were analyzed through 13 measures of psychological well-bein
16、g. Within the five years, 167 of the unhappy were divorced or separated and 478 stayed married. Divorce didn“t reduce symptoms of depression, raise self-esteem or increase a sense of mastery compared with those who stayed married, the report says. Results were controlled for factors including race,
17、age, gender and income. Staying married did not tend to trap unhappy spouses in violent relationships. What helped the unhappy married turn things around? To supplement the formal study data, the research team asked professional firms to recruit focus groups totaling 55 adults who were “marriage sur
18、vivors“. All had moved from unhappy to happy marriages. These 55 once-discontented married felt their unions got better via one of three routes, the report says: Marital endurance. “With time, job situations improved, children got older or better, or chronic ongoing problems got put into new perspec
19、tive.“ Partners did not work on their marriages. Marital work. Spouses actively worked “to solve problems, change behavior or improve communication“. Personal change. Partners found “alternative ways to improve their own happiness and build a good and happy life despite a mediocre marriage.“ In effe
20、ct, the unhappy partner changed.（分数：10.00）(1).According to David Blankenhorn, people commonly believe that _.（分数：2.00）A.divorce is a better solution to an unhappy marriage than staying togetherB.divorce is not necessarily the only solution to an unhappy marriageC.keeping an unhappy marriage needs mu
21、ch courage and enduranceD.to end an unhappy marriage or not is a tough decision for the spouses(2).Which of the following is true about the research under discussion?（分数：2.00）A.It was conducted by the Institute for the American Values headed by David Blankenhorn.B.It was sponsored by the Coalition f
22、or Marriage, Families and Couples Education.C.Its subjects were chosen from a national database based at the University of Chicago.D.Its report will be included in the schedule of the “Smart Marriage“ conference.(3).The 13 measures of psychological well-being mentioned in Paragraph 3 are used to _.（
23、分数：2.00）A.serve as the standards for choosing the subjects of the researchB.serve as the ways to help adults to get over their unhappy marriageC.examine all the 5, 232 married adultsD.examine all the adults in the database(4).The author“s attitude toward divorce may best be described as “_“.（分数：2.00
24、）A.criticalB.impersonalC.arbitraryD.scornful(5).According to the report, those unhappily-wedded may not survive their marriage by _.（分数：2.00）A.waiting for the living conditions to get improvedB.achieving children“s understandingC.changing their own attitude towards mediocre marriagesD.working on the
25、ir problems and strengthening communicationA recent case in Australia shows how easily fear can frustrate an informant“s good intentions. In December, a woman wrote anonymously to the country“s antitrust watchdog, the ACCC, alleging that her employer was colluding with others in breach of the Trade
26、Practices Act. Her evidence was sufficient to suggest to the ACCC that fines of A$10m could be imposed on “a large company“. But theagency needed more details. So just before Christmas it advertised extensively to try and persuade the woman to come forward again. Some days later her husband rang the
27、 ACCC, but he hung up before disclosing vital information. Now the agency is trying to contact the couple again. In America, there is some evidence that the events of September 11th have made people more public-spirited and more inclined to blow the whistle. The Government Accountability Project, a
28、Washington based group, received 27 reproaches from potential informants in the three months before September 11th, and 66 in the three months after. Many of these complaints were about security issues. They included a Federal Aviation Adininistration employee who claimed that the agency had repeate
29、dly failed to respond to known cases of security violations at airports. Legislation to give greater protection to people who expose corporate or government misbehavior externally (after having received no satisfaction internally) is being introduced in a number of countries. In America, it focuses
30、on informants among federal employees. According to Billy Garde, a lawyer who was a member of BP“s Alaska inquiry team, they “have less rights than prisoners“.A bill introduced last year by Senator Daniel Akaka to improve protection for them is currently stuck in congressional committees. In Britain
31、, the Public Interest Disclosure Act came fully into force last year. Described by one American as “the most far-reaching informant protection in the world“, it treats informants as witnesses acting in the public interest. This separates them from people who are merely pursuing a personal grievance.
32、 But even in Britain, the protection is limited. Rupert Walker, a fund manager, was fired by Govett Investments in September 2001 for expressing concerns in the Financial Times about a group of people of investment trusts that invest in each other.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the author most probably thi
33、nk about what the ACCC did to the woman?（分数：2.00）A.Inconsistent.B.Disheartening.C.Reasonable.D.Bureaucratic.(2).By saying “more inclined to blow the whistle“ (Para 2), the author means that people are more_.（分数：2.00）A.eager to disclose secretsB.willing to report wrongdoingsC.alert to hidden dangers
34、to the countryD.ready to cooperate with the administration(3).We can infer from Paragraph 2 that the Federal Aviation Administration employee_.（分数：2.00）A.had repeatedly complained to his employerB.did not get any response from his employerC.was concerned about public securityD.became brave after the
35、 9.11 disaster(4).According to Paragraph 3, informants among the American federal employees_.（分数：2.00）A.disclose misbehavior externally when they are disappointed internallyB.get more protection than people who disclose misbehavior externallyC.have less rights than prisonersD.get as much protection
36、as before(5).Britain“s protection to informants is not perfect in that _.（分数：2.00）A.the Public Interest Disclosure Act came fully into force only last yearB.it treats informants as witnesses acting in the public interestC.informants are threatened with the possibility of losing their jobsD.informant
37、s are considered as merely pursuing a personal complaintIn the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with on
38、e another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product they“re looking for. Nonetheless, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the s
39、upplier,“ says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the company“s private intranet. Another major shift in the model for Internet commerce concerns the
40、technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to “pull“ customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push“ information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing
41、 messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the PointCast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers“ computer monitors. Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company“s W
42、eb site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offering, or other events. But push technology has earned the contempt of many Web users. Online culture thinks highly of the notion that the infor
43、mation flowing onto the screen comes there by specific request. Once commercial promotion begins to fill the screen uninvited, the distinction between the Web and television fades. That“s a prospect that horrifies Net purists. But it is hardly inevitable that companies on the Web will need to resort
44、 to push strategies to make money. The examples of Virtual Vineyards, A, and other pioneers show that a Web site selling the right kind of products with the right mix of interactivity, hospitality, and security will attract online customers. And the cost of computing power continues to free fall, wh
45、ich is a good sign for any enterprise setting up shop in silicon. People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.（分数：10.00）(1).According to Paragraphs 1 and 2, what do we learn about the present web business?（分数：2.00）A.Web business is no longer
46、 in fashion.B.Business-to-business sales are the trend.C.Web business is prosperous in the consumer market.D.Many companies still lack confidence in web business.(2).Established business partners are preferred in web business because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are more creditable than othersB.they specify th
47、e products they wantC.they have access to the company“s private intranetD.they are capable of conducting online transactions(3).PointCast Network in Paragraph 3 is most probably _.（分数：2.00）A.a company that develops the latest push softwareB.a tool that promotes a company“s online marketingC.the firs
48、t company that used an online push softwareD.the most popular software that helps a company push(4).Net purists are most worried that _.（分数：2.00）A.only the requested information comes to the screenB.the Net is filled with commercial promotionC.the difference between the Web and TV will fadeD.push te
49、chnology will dominate the screen(5).What can be inferred from the last paragraph about A?（分数：2.00）A.Its success is attributed to push strategies.B.It is prosperous without push strategies.C.It is highly concerned about the cost of computing power.D.It is a good example of the flourishing online business.On August 18th US News & World Re
