1、考研英语（阅读）-试卷 18 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part B（分数：10.00）_You are going to read a text about the tips for developing self-esteem quotient, followed by a list of evidences. Choose the best evidence from the list AG f
2、or each numbered subheading(15). There are two extra examples which you do not need to use. So, how do you raise your self-esteem? Here are several tips for developing your self-esteem quotient: 【C1】Be open-minded- hear critique and criticism, but only hear them as half-truths. Everyone has their ow
3、n side to a story, as do you and other people who know you. “ 【C2】Start praising and stop critiquing. By accepting others and their weaknesses, you start to accept yourself. 【C3】See successes take appropriate credit for your successes. Chalk them up to dedication, hard work and your positive thinkin
4、g. 【C4】Provide Self-care pay attention to the needs of your heart, mind and body. Follow their lead and learn from yourself. When you learn to listen to your needs and wants and take action to meet them, you elevate your self-worth. You become important. How you treat yourself is how others learn to
5、 treat you. 【C5】Have goals be the person you are and become the person you want to be. In other words, participate in the act of living your life. Make choices. Be proactive. Give yourself one month for practicing the above tips and you will see a major difference in the growth of your healthy self-
6、esteem. AWhen you stop finding fault in others, you learn to let up on yourself. This includes, stop criticizing yourself! Learn to view your failures and weaknesses as milestones to guide you on your way. Often you learn the most under pressure and from our hardest times. BThis means accept complim
7、ents from others regardless of your belief behind their motivations. Look the complimenter in the eyes and say, “ thank you. “ They are immediately rewarded and acknowledged for their compliment and you are establishing patterns for more compliments in the future. Compliments definitely help in dire
8、 times and become a way of receiving instant, external confirmation and validation. CView your failures and weaknesses as temporary statements about your existence. By no means are they permanent, unless you perseverate about them. “ Ask yourself what your ideal person with healthy self-esteem would
9、 do to move forward. Conjure up the answer and focus on the solution. Think present, not past! DYour road to a healthy self-esteem is paved by your choices in the present. Change(he way you evaluate your experiences and you can change the way you feel about yourself. Low self-esteem continues out of
10、 practice of bad habits. You can change a habit after thirty days of instilling a new behavior. EIf you feel badly about some critique you received, do not stew on it instead ask another you respect what their take is. Do remember, that one“s negative talk about another is often just a projection of
11、 one“s own internal conflicts and fears. They dump these fears instead of owning them. FTry something new or give yourself permission to do something you have always wanted to do. Be gentle with your imperfections and shortcomings, and do not allow them to become roadblocks. Let go of perfection and
12、 focus on direction. GDo not believe in luck and chance. Instead, know that you magnetized your successes to you through an extension of your energy and efforts. Accept responsibility. Praise the successes in others. Know that their successes open the door to yours.（分数：10.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_
13、(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 15. you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list AG to fill in each numbered box. Th
14、e first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. ASo how did this play itself out when I had to render Bob “redundant?“ I took my boss“s suggestion and searched the firm for a job Bob could handle, and found one. His problem was not a lack of talent, after all, but he was simply st
15、retched too thin. BI“ve had to fire others in my 40-year career as a manager, I always found the behavior problems easier to deal with, but firing someone for poor performance, even after reviews, warnings, and discussions, was never easy. But as far as I can tell, it never came as a surprise, eithe
16、r. If you cannot bring yourself to fire somebody who can“t or won“t perform, then supervision is not for you because it goes with the territory. CSince I was not one of those callous people who can handle such chores easily, I psyched myself up for the meeting, summoning my courage and planning my m
17、oves,(somewhat as if it were my job on the line). I started by discussing Bob“s performance with him, then gave him six months to meet our standards, which I explicitly laid out, and concluded by saying that if he couldn“t make it, I“d fire or transfer him. DI“m retired now. so I don“t need to look
18、hard-working underlings in the eye and say, “Joe, you“re just not capable of doing this job. I“ve looked for other jobs in the company, and there are none. So I“ll have to let you go. “ EWhen the six months nearly expired, just as I was getting ready to take action. Bob came into my office, of his o
19、wn accord, and asked for the transfer. It was not just a way to save face, but also a way for its both to avoid a nasty confrontation, and made clear his tacit acknowledgment that he would do better in the less-demanding job. FIt“s difficult to fire anyone for incompetence, particularly if the perso
20、n is hardworking, cooperative, and has tried to improve. Too often, this kind of termination is postponed until it can be camouflaged behind a general cutback or reorganization. This is easier, psychologically speaking, but 1 don“t think it makes sense. Incompetence should be acted upon when the inc
21、ompetence is determined; it should not be stalled, in the words of Robert“s Rules of Order, “to some time indefinite. “ GI was again acting on Steve“s suggestion that nobody should be shocked at being fired: “If anybody is surprised to receive a pink slip, then the supervisor isn“t doing his job, an
22、d should be fired for incompetence too.“ Steve“s point was that people should be given a chance to improve, be told exactly what was expected, and be treated fairly. Order: （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_You arc going to read a text about strategics for improving rending process, follo
23、wed by a list of evidences. Choose the best evidence from the list AF for each numbered subheading(l5). There is one extra evidence which you do not need to use. Before we offer specific strategies for reading arguments, let“s examine some general strategies that can improve your ability to read any
24、 kind of college level material, from complex textbooks to primary sources in a history or philosophy course. 【C1】Slow down: Advertisements for speedreading mislead us into believing that expert readers read rapidly. In fact, experts read difficult texts slowly, often rereading them two or three tim
25、es, treating their first readings like first drafts. 【C2】Get the dictionary habit: When you can“t tell a word“s meaning from context, get in the habit of looking it up. 【C3】Lose your highlighter/find your pen: Relying on those yellow highlighters makes you too passive. Next time you get the urge to
26、highlight a passage, write in the margin why you think it“s important. 【C4】Reconstruct the rhetorical context; Train yourself to ask questions such as these: Who is this author? What audience is he or she writing for? What occasion prompted this writing? What is the author“s purpose? 【C5】Join the te
27、xt“s conversation by exploring your views on the issues before reading: To determine the text“s issues before reading it through, note the title, read the first paragraphs carefully and skim the opening sentences of paragraphs. Continue the conversation after your reading: After you“ve read a text,
28、try completing the following statements in a journal: “The most significant question this essay raises is. . . “ “The most important thing I learned from this essay is. . . “ “I agree with the author about. . . “ “However, I disagree about. . . “ These questions help you remember the reading and urg
29、e you to respond actively to it. AAny piece of writing makes more sense if you think of its author as a real person writing for some real purpose out of real historical context. BOne strategy is to make small tic marks next to words you“re unsure of; then look them up after you“re done so as not to
30、break your concentration. CConverting the passage into your own language forces you to focus on the precise meanings of words. Although your translation may not be exactly what the author intended, you see more clearly where the sources of confusion lie and what the likely range of meanings might be
31、. DThey hold confusing passages in mental suspension, hoping that later parts of the essay will clarify earlier parts. They “nutshell“ or summarize passages in the margins. They interact with the text by asking questions, expressing disagreements, linking the text with other readings or with persona
32、l experience. EYou can then explore your own views on the issue. This sort of personal exploration at the prereading stage both increases your readiness to understand the text and enhances your ability to enjoy it. FIs it a major new point in the argument? A significant piece of support? A summary o
33、f the opposition? A particularly strong or particularly weak point? Use the margins to summarize the text, protest vehemently, ask questions, give assentbut don“t just color the pages.（分数：10.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_(5).【C5】（分
34、数：2.00）填空项 1:_You are going to read a list of headings and a text about some tips for getting the raise you deserve. Choose the most suitable heading from the list AG for each numbered paragraph(15). There are two extra headings which you do not need to use. AMake the Right Moves BAssess Yourself CK
35、now When to Let Go DFind out What You“re Worth ECheck and Double-Check FBe Confident GUse the Right Words You“ve been working hard - coming in early, staying late， and picking up extra responsibilities. Now you“re looking for a raise to reward your effortsbut you“re not sure how to go about it. “Wom
36、en typically earn 20 to 30 percent less than men with the same job titles because they struggle with salary negotiating.“ says Robin Ryan, career counselor. Here she highlights classic negotiating mistakes and shares rules for getting the raise to which you“re entitled. 1 Many women often don“t real
37、ize that they can ask for more money, or they“re afraid that doing so will jeopardize the job offera reaction Ryan attributes to the issue of self-worth. “As Black women, we may be sensitive about the stereotype that we all have attitudes. It“s cultural. Most of us are brought up to be “nice“, and w
38、e don“t like to come across as too aggressive,“ she says. But being proactive about your career is never wrong. 2 Incremental raises are standard but may not account for all the work you do. “At least once a year, you need to do your own career checkup,“ says Ryan. “Ask yourself: Am I happy? Have I
39、taken on additional responsibilities? Am 1 working above my job title?“ Create a chart that outlines the job you were hired for in comparison to your current responsibilities. “You might be able to make a good case for a promotion, which would come with a raise,“ she says. 3 Resources such as salary
40、, com can give you the average pay for your position in your industry based on your location. Use the average, along with your self-assessment and where you live, to determine your overall worth.(For example, the cost of living in Los Angeles may not stretch a salary of $ 35 ,000 as far as it would
41、in Kansas City.)You can also bargain by asking for additional vacation time and perks to your benefits package. Are you a new hire? Ask about a signing bonus, as well as specific offerings(for instance, flextime, vacation, paid leaves, tuition reimbursement), and work them into your compensation dis
42、cussion. 4 If you“ve saved the company time or money with one of your ideas, toot your own horn. “You want to talk about adjusting your salary to compensate you for what the company is receiving,“ Ryan says. Using these key words can help illustrate your valuable contributions and make a better case
43、 for your raise based on merit. And remember, while major life changes having a baby, buying a house or a car can certainly be a drain on your income, they do not warrant an increase to your salary, warns Ryan. 5 You can climb the corporate ladder by broadening your network at your company, letting
44、people know about your goals, or transitioning into other departments where there is opportunity. However, big salary hikes tend to happen when you change jobs from one firm to another. Ryan“s rules when negotiating: Never reveal your prior salary, and always use a range instead of the exact figure
45、when asked about your salary expectations. “You maintain more negotiating power to ask for more money,“ she says.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_考研英语（阅读）-试卷 18 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part B（分数：10.0
46、0）_解析：You are going to read a text about the tips for developing self-esteem quotient, followed by a list of evidences. Choose the best evidence from the list AG for each numbered subheading(15). There are two extra examples which you do not need to use. So, how do you raise your self-esteem? Here a
47、re several tips for developing your self-esteem quotient: 【C1】Be open-minded- hear critique and criticism, but only hear them as half-truths. Everyone has their own side to a story, as do you and other people who know you. “ 【C2】Start praising and stop critiquing. By accepting others and their weaknesses, you start to accept yourself. 【C3】See successes take appropriate credit for your successes. Chalk them up to dedication, hard w
