1、考研英语（翻译）-试卷 7 及答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：2.00）_2.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.（分数：2.00）_3.We thus easily get into great difficulties from the nec
2、essity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.（分数：2.00）_4.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generational phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today“ s you
3、ng people, it naturally follows that today“ s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.（分数：2.00）_5.Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.（分数：2.00）_6.The qu
4、ick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers“ respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger.（分数：2.00）_7.We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outco
5、me.（分数：2.00）_8.Consequently, most of the world“ s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary.（分数：2.00）_9.As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans
6、and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments harmful to ourselves.（分数：2.00）_10.In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthene
7、d the city“ s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.（分数：2.00）_11.For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and selfawareness as you modify and apply
8、 the techniques of reading.（分数：2.00）_12.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.（分数：2.00）_13.Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few thin
9、gs more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five- star general.（分数：2.00）_14.Finally, other people may give us instrumental supportfinancial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our proble
10、ms.（分数：2.00）_15.The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don“t mix as easily as I assumed in high school.（分数：2.00）_16.Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and
11、energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.（分数：2.00）_17.Though unemployed longer when seeking work, older women job hunt harder, hold a job longer with less absenteeism, perform as well or better, are more reliable, and are more willing to learn
12、 than men or younger women.（分数：2.00）_18.The key fact is that all three dictionaries can be seen to have a distinctly “cultural“ as well as language learning content. That being said, the way in which they approach the cultural element is not i-dentical, making direct comparisons between the three di
13、fficult.（分数：2.00）_19.It is the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.（分数：2.00）_20.Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or
14、go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits.（分数：2.00）_21.It is important that they be looking at the speaker at the precise moment when the speaker reestablishes eye con
15、tact: if they are not looking, the speaker assumes that they are disinterested and either will pause until eye contact is resumed or will terminate the conversation.（分数：2.00）_22.This eye on the consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell wha
16、tever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.（分数：2.00）_23.Expertise can be shared worldwide through teleconferencing, and problems in dispute can be settled without t
17、he participants leaving their homes and / or jobs to travel to a distant conference site.（分数：2.00）_24.Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use f
18、or the study of natural phenomena.（分数：2.00）_25.As my own studies have advanced, I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem, at first glance, to constitute such an immense gulf betwe
19、en them.（分数：2.00）_26.Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country“ s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.（分数：2.00）_27.In the early industrialized count
20、ries of Europe,the process of industrialization with all the far reaching changes in social patterns that followed was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.（分数：2.00）_考研英语（翻译）-试卷 7 答案解析(总分：54.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehe
21、nsio(总题数：27，分数：54.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：2.00）_解析：2.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.（分数：2.00）_解析：3.We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part
22、of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：有时，我们必须把文化看作人类的一部分，有时，则把它看作环境的一部分，因此很容易陷入困境。)解析：解析：句子主干：We get into difficulties from；viewing 后接两个并列的介词短语as，as4.Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generationa
23、l phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today“ s young people, it naturally follows that today“ s English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：既然对英语水平下降的关注并不被看成是每一代都有的现象，而被看成是现在年轻人特有的新现象，很自然，接下来就是责备今天的英语教师没有做好工作。)解析：解析：句子主干：Since(原因状语从句)，it follows that(主句)；从句中 n
24、otbut rather意为“不是而是”；主句中 that 引导宾语从句。5.Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：假如你违背常规，在电梯中盯着一个陌生人，你会令别人极不舒服，而你自己可能也觉得有点不自在。)解析：解析：句子主句：you
25、 will makeand you are likely to feel；从句是省略了 if 的条件状语从句 Should you break the rule，并导致主谓倒装。6.The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers“ respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：这一提议很快得到通过，(不是)与其说是出于国家立法者对劳动者的尊敬，(而
26、是)不如说是因为害怕激起他们的愤怒。)解析：解析：句子主干：The adoption may have indicated less aboutthan about；句中比较结构lessthan作动词 indicated 的宾语。7.We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：给我们留下印象最深的是：即便没有告
27、诉那些病人他们的病情有多严重，他们也很清楚其可能的后果。)解析：解析：句子主干：We were impressed by the fact that；that 从句为 fact 的同位语，其中who 引导定语从句修饰 patients。8.Consequently, most of the world“ s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are cli
28、matically almost unnecessary.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：因此，世界上大多数冰箱并不在热带，虽然在那儿它们也许会被证明有用，而是在温度适宜、从气候上看几乎不需要冰箱的富裕国家。)解析：解析：句子主干：most of thefridges are to be found，not inbut in；where they mightprove useful 是定语从句修饰 tropics，where they are climatically almost unnecessary 是定语从句修饰 wealthy countries，with mild tem
29、peratures 是介词短语作定语修饰 wealthy countries。9.As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments harmful to ourselves.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(
30、正确答案：随着机器人的智能提高到与人的智力匹敌的地步，再加上它们的制造费用随规模效益而下降，我们也许可以用机器人来开拓边远地区，其实首先是利用它们对环境的忍耐力，而那些环境对我们自己是有害的。)解析：解析：句子主干：Asand aswe may use them to；两个 as 引导的从句并列作状语；first on earth through their ability to是介词短语作状语；harmful to ourselves 形容词短语作定语修饰 environments。10.In addition, changes made to the construction codes
31、in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city“ s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：此外，在过去 20 年中对洛杉矶的建设规定所作的修改加强了该城建筑和公路的抗震能力，使其抗震性更强。)解析：解析：句子主干changeshave strengthened the citys building and highways，；madeto the construction codes
32、 是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰 changes；making them more resistant toquakes 是现在分词短语作伴随状语，补充说明前面的句子。11.For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and selfawareness as you modify and apply t
33、he techniques of reading.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：因为所有这些原因，有效率地阅读报纸，也就是说从中得到你需要的信息而不浪费时间，这就要求你改进和应用阅读方法时既要有技巧又要有自觉性。)解析：解析：句子主干：reading newspapersdemands skill and self-wareness；which 引导非限定性定语从句修饰前面的 reading newspapers efficiently；as 引导时间状语从句。12.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to suppor
34、t themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：但是对许多人来说，穷人们能够不依靠政府的帮助而养活自己，并且过得和依靠政府的救助时一样好，这本身就是伟大的胜利。)解析：解析：句子主干：the fact thatisa victory；thatwith it 从句是：fact 的同位语，其中有一个比较结构 as wellas，it 指代 government aid。13.Americans are pro
35、ud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five- star general.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：美国人为他们的多样化和个性而自豪，然而没有什么比制服更让他们喜爱与推崇的了无论是电梯操作员的制服还是五星上将的制服。)解析：解析：句子主干：Americans are proud of，
36、yet，whether；yet 引导并列句，表转折，其中 few 表示否定，“很少的”，“不多的”；whether 引导状语从句。14.Finally, other people may give us instrumental supportfinancial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：最后，别人会给予我们重要的支持，即经济的帮助、物质资源和所需的服务所
37、有这些帮助我们解决和处理问题，从而减轻我们的压力。)解析：解析：句子主干：other people may give us support；破折号之间的部分是 support 的同位语；that 引导定语从句修饰 support。15.The reality that has blocked my path to become the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don“t mix as easily as I assumed in high school.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：我没有成为典型的成功学生，这是因为兼顾文科与工科并不像我在上高中时设想的那样容易。)解析：解析：句子主干：The reality thatis that；that has blocked是定语从
