1、考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 205 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Obesity is an epidemic to some and an opportunity to others. More than two-th
2、irds of Americans are overweight. Find a way to battle obesity, 【C1】_a huge profit might be made. On February 22nd, 2013 one pharmaceutical firm, Vivus, took a small【C2】_towards this goal. A committee advising America s Food and Drug Administration(FDA)recommended Vivus s diet drug, Qnexa.【C3】_, the
3、 pill s long-awaited final approval may not come until April. The announcement mostly served as a reminder of a struggle which【C4】_fat into gold. Medical-device and pharmaceutical companies are quite【C5】_treating the problems that come with obesity. However, they cant help consumers【C6】_weight. Alle
4、rgan, a device-maker, has tried to use its gastric bands to enter the obesity market. The band is fitted near the top of patients stomach, which helps them feel full【C7】_during the meal. Allergan has captured about 70% of the worldwide market for gastric bands, but sales are now【C8】_. The recession
5、has sapped consumers desire for expensive surgery. Some patients have【C9】_bands removed because they slipped or proved【C10】_. In January David Pyott, Allergans chief executive, said he would cancel an effort to market the band for teenagers. He is now trying to convince insurers of the gastric band
6、s【C11】_. Drug companies have had even more【C12】_than device-makers. It has been 13 years since the FDA approved a【C13】_diet pill. That drug, Roches Xenical, has【C14】_side-effects. The FDA rejected Vivuss Qnexa in 2010 over【C15】_for the safety of pregnant women and the quickening of patients heart ra
7、tes. However, Vivus s new data in 2013 apparently satisfied the FDA s advisory committee. But the agency may yet【C16】_the drug.【C17】_Qnexa is approved, it is unclear that patients will buy it. Qnexa【C18】_two medicines that are already on the market. Both medicines are generic, which means that docto
8、rs may【C19】_the existing drugs rather than Qnexas more expensive version. For now, it is more【C20】_to treat fat patients than to try to make them slim.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.soB.orC.thusD.and(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.chanceB.progressC.riskD.step(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.Above allB.After allC.HoweverD.Theref
9、ore(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.turnsB.modifiesC.altersD.converts(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.interested inB.good atC.soft onD.addicted to(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.reduceB.loseC.decreaseD.cut(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.laterB.beforeC.enoughD.earlier(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.increasingB.risingC.constrainingD.shrinking(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.hadB.m
10、adeC.takenD.found(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.incompetentB.inefficientC.insufficientD.ineffective(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.targetsB.accessesC.meritsD.usage(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.opportunitiesB.troublesC.advantagesD.conditions(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.prescriptionB.descriptionC.transcriptionD.ascription(14).【C14】（分数：2.0
11、0）A.famousB.notedC.well-knownD.notorious(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.affairsB.concernsC.mattersD.worries(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.repelB.remarkC.rejectD.require(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.Even ifB.As long asC.If onlyD.So long as(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.violatesB.separatesC.combinesD.imitates(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.recommendB.
12、prescribeC.advocateD.suggest(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.quickC.profitableD.helpfulThe countrys inadequate mental health system gets the most attention after instances of mass violence that the nation has seen repeatedly over the past few months. Not all who【C1】_these sorts of cruelties are menta
13、lly ill, but【C2】_have been. After each, the national discussion quickly, but temporarily, turns toward the mental health services that may have【C3】_to prevent another attack. Mental illness usually is not as dangerous or dramatic.【C4】_ 23 million Americans live with mental disorder, according to the
14、 National Institute of Mental Health. Very few of these men and women are【C5】_mass-murderers; they need help for their own well-being and for that of their【C6】_. The Affordable Care Act has significantly increased insurance coverage【C7】_mental health care. But that may not be enough to expand【C8】_to
15、 insufficient mental-health-care resources. Rep. Tim Murphy has a bill that would do so. The Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Act is more【C9】_than other recent efforts to reform the system and perhaps has the brightest prospects in a divided Congress. The【C10】_would reorganize the billions t
16、he federal government pours into mental health services. It would【C11】_the way Medicaid pays for certain mental health treatments. It would fund mental health clinics that【C12】_certain medical standards. And it would【C13】_states to adopt policies that allow judges to order some severely mentally ill
17、 people to undergo treatment. Not everyone is satisfied. Some patients advocates have【C14】_Mr. Murphys approach as coercive and【C15】_to those who need help. The government should not be expanding the system s capability to hospitalize or impose treatment on those【C16】_severe episodes, they say. It s
18、hould instead be investing in community care that【C17】_the need for more serious treatment.【C18】_, for a small class who will not accept treatment between hospital visits or repeat arrests, they say, states have good reason to【C19】_them to accept care, under judicial supervision. Mr. Murphys reform
19、package may not prevent the next Sandy Hook.【C20】_the changes would help relieve a lot of suffering that does not make the front page.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.grantB.commitC.affordD.award(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.manyB.fewC.moreD.much(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.requestedB.demandedC.failedD.attempted(4).【C4】（分数：
20、2.00）A.NeatlyB.ConsiderablyC.NearlyD.Hardly(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.inevitableB.necessaryC.certainD.potential(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.careersB.hospitalsC.schoolsD.families(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.forB.againstC.withD.without(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.warningB.accessC.demandD.way(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.preferableB.ineffectiveC.sing
21、leD.comprehensive(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.billB.methodC.linkD.law(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.changeC.refuseD.hold(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.haveB.makeC.meetD.accord(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.admitB.pushC.retardD.command(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.praisedB.appreciatedC.scoldedD.condemned(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.harmfulB.bene
22、ficialC.uncertainD.considerate(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.looking intoB.taking onC.dealing withD.going through(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.heads offB.interferes withC.takes offD.copes with(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.ThusB.BecauseC.HoweverD.And(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.inviteB.allowC.requireD.refute(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.Bu
23、tC.ThereforeD.Besides考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 205 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Obesity is an epidemic to some and an opportunity to o
24、thers. More than two-thirds of Americans are overweight. Find a way to battle obesity, 【C1】_a huge profit might be made. On February 22nd, 2013 one pharmaceutical firm, Vivus, took a small【C2】_towards this goal. A committee advising America s Food and Drug Administration(FDA)recommended Vivus s diet
25、 drug, Qnexa.【C3】_, the pill s long-awaited final approval may not come until April. The announcement mostly served as a reminder of a struggle which【C4】_fat into gold. Medical-device and pharmaceutical companies are quite【C5】_treating the problems that come with obesity. However, they cant help con
26、sumers【C6】_weight. Allergan, a device-maker, has tried to use its gastric bands to enter the obesity market. The band is fitted near the top of patients stomach, which helps them feel full【C7】_during the meal. Allergan has captured about 70% of the worldwide market for gastric bands, but sales are n
27、ow【C8】_. The recession has sapped consumers desire for expensive surgery. Some patients have【C9】_bands removed because they slipped or proved【C10】_. In January David Pyott, Allergans chief executive, said he would cancel an effort to market the band for teenagers. He is now trying to convince insure
28、rs of the gastric band s【C11】_. Drug companies have had even more【C12】_than device-makers. It has been 13 years since the FDA approved a【C13】_diet pill. That drug, Roches Xenical, has【C14】_side-effects. The FDA rejected Vivuss Qnexa in 2010 over【C15】_for the safety of pregnant women and the quickeni
29、ng of patients heart rates. However, Vivus s new data in 2013 apparently satisfied the FDA s advisory committee. But the agency may yet【C16】_the drug.【C17】_Qnexa is approved, it is unclear that patients will buy it. Qnexa【C18】_two medicines that are already on the market. Both medicines are generic,
30、 which means that doctors may【C19】_the existing drugs rather than Qnexas more expensive version. For now, it is more【C20】_to treat fat patients than to try to make them slim.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.soB.orC.thusD.and 解析：解析：本题考查语法结构。此处的结构是“祈使句+andthen+含有一般将来时态或带有情态动词的陈述句”。这种句型的祈使句表示一种条件或假设陈述句表示结果
31、。(祈使句部分可用 if 引导的条件状语从句，此时主句去掉 andthen。)所以 Dand 为正确答案，且句意为“找个办法和肥胖对抗的话，说不定就会大赚一笔”。or 的干扰性较大，但是在“祈使句+or+简单句”的结构中，or 后的简单句通常是不理想的结果，故排除此项。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.chanceB.progressC.riskD.step 解析：解析：本题考查名词辨析。此处的句意为“2013 年 2 月 22 日，Vivus 制药公司朝着这个目标前进了一小步”。take a step“迈出一步，采取措施”符合题意，故 Dstep 为正确答案。take a chance“
32、冒险，碰运气”，take a risk“冒危险，冒风险”，根据句意排除 A、C 项。progress 是不可数名词，且常用固定搭配为 make progress“取得进步”，故排除 B 项。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.Above allB.After allC.However D.Therefore解析：解析：本题考查逻辑关系。根据此空前一句中的 recommended 和后一句的 approval may not come可知，前后显然为转折关系，故 CHowever“但是，然而”为正确答案。Above all“首先，最重要的是”表递进，After all“毕竟，终究”表让步，Th
33、erefore“因此，所以”表目的，三项均不符合本题的逻辑关系，故排除。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.turns B.modifiesC.altersD.converts解析：解析：本题考查动词辨析及固定搭配。根据文章和选项，可知此处意为“公告主要是提醒人们，这是一场点肥成金的斗争”，turn sbsthinto sth意为“使(从)变成”，故 Aturns 指外形、颜色、气味、性质等方面的变化，为正确答案。modify 强调起限定作用的变化或变更，常含“缓和、降调”的意味；alter 常指轻微的改变，强调基本上保持原物、原状的情况下所进行的部分改变；convert 指进行全部或局部改
34、变以适应新的功能或用途，三项均不符合题意，故排除。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.interested inB.good at C.soft onD.addicted to解析：解析：本题考查短语辨析。此处句意为“制药和医疗器械公司非常_解决肥胖带来的问题但是他们无法帮助消费者减轻体重”，be good at“擅长”，符合题意，故 Bgood at 为正确答案。be sott on“在方面表现软弱”，根据 However 表示的前后转折关系，排除 C 项。be interested in“对感兴趣”，be addicted to“对上瘾，感兴趣”，均不能准确表达题意，故排除。(6).【C
35、6】（分数：2.00）A.reduceB.lose C.decreaseD.cut解析：解析：本题考查动词辨析及固定搭配。根据选项可知，此处想表达的句意为“但是他们无法帮助消费者减轻体重”，lose weight“减轻体重，减肥”是固定搭配，准确地表达了题意，故 Blose 为正确答案。其他三项分别表示“减少、减小、削减”，但不符合固定搭配。减肥的常用表达为 lose weightgo on a diet，第一个是泛指，第二个是指节食减肥。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.laterB.beforeC.enoughD.earlier 解析：解析：本题考查副词辨析。此处句意为“用束带绕住患者
36、胃的上部，这样患者会在吃饭时_有腹饱感”，根据逻辑推断，可知此处应选 earlier“提早，早期”，只有这样才能达到减轻患者体重的目的，故 D 项为正确答案。later“较晚的，后来”，根据句意很容易排除；before 在此处的用法不正确；enough“足够的，充足的”，干扰性较大，但 D 项表意更准确到位。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.increasingB.risingC.constrainingD.shrinking 解析：解析：本题考查动词辨析。由 but 可知，此句的前后两部分为转折关系，前一部分讲的是“Allergan 公司在全球胃部束带市场占有率达 70”，则后一部分必然
37、是消极、负面的信息，故排除increasing 和 rising。shrink 在此处用作不及物动词，指“收缩，退缩，畏缩”，符合句意“但是如今销量却有所收缩”，故 Dshrinking 为正确答案。constraining“限制，约束”是及物动词，需接宾语，故排除。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.had B.madeC.takenD.found解析：解析：本题考查语法知识。英语语法中，have+sth(宾语)+过去分词(宾语补足语)意为“让叫使请别人做某事”。宾语 sth后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明 sth与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。此处应填 have 的过去分词，故 Ah
38、ad 为正确答案，句意为“有些病人甚至让医生取下束带”。其他三项均不符合文意，故排除。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.incompetentB.inefficientC.insufficientD.ineffective 解析：解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据 slipped or proved_可知，此处填的形容词应与动词slipped“滑，滑脱”表达的意思一致。ineffective“无效的，没有效果的；(指人)工作效率低的”，符合文意，故 Dineffective 为正确答案。incompetent“不合格的，不胜任的”，inefficient“效率低的，效率差的；(指人)不能胜
39、任的，无能的”，insufficient“不足的，不够的”，均不符合题意，故排除。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.targetsB.accessesC.merits D.usage解析：解析：本题考查名词辨析。文章第二段后半部分谈到 Allergan 公司胃部束带的销量在收缩，一方面由于它比较昂贵，另一方面由于束带没有效果。这些都是 Allergan 公司不利的地方或其缺点，故此处表达的意思为“(Allergan 公司首席执行官)目前试图让保险公司也看到胃部束带的优点”。故Cmerits“优点，价值”为正确答案。target“对象，目标”；access“接近，入口”；usage“使用
40、”，是不可数名词，三项均不符合题意，故排除。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.opportunitiesB.troubles C.advantagesD.conditions解析：解析：本题考查名词辨析及固定搭配。文章第二段首句提到“但是它们(医疗器械公司和制药公司)无法帮助消费者减轻体重”，接着整段都在谈一家医疗器械公司以及遇到的麻烦；第三段首句使用了比较级，快速浏览下文可知，第三段讲制药公司遇到的麻烦。所以，此处应选 Btroubles“麻烦，烦恼，故障”。opportunity“机会”，advantage“有利条件，有利因素”，condition“条件”，均不符合题意，故排除。(
41、13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.prescription B.descriptionC.transcriptionD.ascription解析：解析：本题考查名词辨析。此处考查的医学常识，句意为“从美国食品药物管理局批准减肥药为处方药到如今已经过了十三年”，故 Aprescription“医药方，处方；处方药”为正确答案。其他三项都有相同的名词后缀，但 description“描写，叙述”，transcription 作为可数名词指“抄写，抄本”，ascription“归属，归因”，是不可数名词，故此三项均不符合题意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.famousB.noted
42、C.well-knownD.notorious 解析：解析：本题考查形容词辨析。由空格后修饰的 side-effects“副作用”可知。此处填的形容词应该是贬义的，故 Dnotorious“臭名昭著的，臭名远扬的，声名狼藉的”为正确答案，且句意为“瑞士罗氏制药公司的 Xenical 臭名昭著，该药会引发副作用”。famous“著名的，出名的”，noted“闻名的，著名的”，well-known“出名的，众所周知的”，利用做完形填空的“三一原则”，此三项均表示褒义，只有 D 项表示贬义，故 D 项正确。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.affairsB.concerns C.matter
43、sD.worries解析：解析：本题考查名词辨析。根据空格后的 for 和此句的句意“美国食品药物管理局于 2010 年拒绝批准 Vivus 公司的 Qnexa，因为_该药对孕妇的安全造成伤害和该药会加快患者的心率”可知，此处应该填表示“担心，忧虑”的单词，故 Bconcerns 为正确答案，此处是可数名词，指后面的两件“担心、忧虑的事情”。affair“事情”；matter“事件”；worry 作为可数名词指“使人担心(或发愁)的问题，烦心事”，其后通常接 about，故三项均排除。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.repelB.remarkC.reject D.require解析：
44、解析：本题考查动词辨析。第四段首句承上启下，第三段最后一句谈到“2013 年 Virus 公司新的数据显然让管理局的咨询委员会满意”，而第四段首句的 But 表明了转折关系，故此处句意应为“但是该局还是可能拒绝批准该药”，Creject“拒绝，抛弃，扔掉”为正确答案。repel“击退，使厌恶”，remark“评论，察觉”，require“要求，需要”，均不符合文意，故排除。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.Even if B.As long asC.If onlyD.So long as解析：解析：本题考查逻辑关系。此处句意为“_Qnexa 获得批准，患者会不会买账仍不明了”，由空格后
45、的 approved“批准”和空格后的 unclear“不明白的，不清楚的”可知，AEven if“即使，纵然”为正确答案，表示一种假设或推断，引导让步状语从句。As long as“只要，既然”，If only“只要，但愿”，So long as“只要”，三项均缺少让步的含义，故排除。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.violatesB.separatesC.combines D.imitates解析：解析：本题考查动词辨析。此部分句意为“Qnexa_了两种市面上已有的药物。这两种药物都是非专利药”，结合上下文以及四个选项可知，Ccombines“(使)结合，(使)组合”准确表达了文
46、意，为正确答案。violate“违反，妨碍”，separate“分开，分离”，imitate“模仿，效仿，仿造”，均不符合文意，故排除。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.recommendB.prescribe C.advocateD.suggest解析：解析：本题考查动词辨析。此处考查的是医学用语，根据句意“这说明医生可能会给患者_已有的药而不选择 Qnexa，而后者更贵”可知，此处表达的意思为“医生开药”，故Bprescribe“开(药，处方)”为正确答案。recommend“推荐，劝告”，advocate“提倡，倡议”，suggest“建议，提议，暗示”，均不符合文意，故排除。(
47、20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.quickC.profitable D.helpful解析：解析：本题考查形容词辨析。根据文章首句“肥胖症对某些人来说是传染病，对别的一些人来说则是机遇”和第二段前两句“医疗器械公司和制药公司非常善于解决肥胖带来的问题，但是它们无法帮助消费者减轻体重”可知，医疗器械公司和制药公司利用这一机遇，通过治疗肥胖患者来获利。故Cprofitable“有利可图的，可赚钱的”为正确答案。important“重要的”，quick“迅速的”，helpful“有益的，给予帮助的”，均不符合文意，故排除。The countrys inadequate mental health system gets the most attention after instances of mass violence that the nation has seen repeatedly over the past few months. Not all who【C1】_these sorts of cruelties are mentally ill, but【C2】_have been. After each, the national discussion quickly, but tempora
