1、考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 188 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Whether we want it or not we are all greedy by nature. From the moment we are
2、【C1】_and to the last day of our life we【C2】_have an unsatisfied hunger to【C3】_more than we have. Greed is a way for us to take care of our needs and to make sure that we have enough in life. If you do not【C4】_me then look at any child Children and especially babies do not have any social norms that
3、they have to【C5】_. All of their desires are engraved in them from birth. No matter【C6】_it is a toy or extra 5 minutes of hugging with Mommy or Daddy, children do not want to【C7】_it with anybody. As parents we teach them that it is good to share and not to be【C8】_, however generosity does not come【C9
4、】_. It is a fact that generous people are【C10】_in life, they feel that their life is more meaningful and they【C11】_it more We often【C12】_generosity with money and wealth; however this is just the【C13】_of the iceberg. Being generous does not only【C14】_leaving a big tip at a restaurant or buying the m
5、ost expensive gifts for Christmas. Generosity is all about giving and you can give your time, attention, love, help, and a smile【C15】_you can give money and【C16】_. Cultivating the spirit of generosity can be an eye-opening【C17】_for you because you will see in how many areas of your life you werent g
6、enerous enough.【C18】_you open your heart to the world around you and start giving more to it then you will【C19】_how much more you will receive【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.sleepyB.bornC.employedD.fired(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.consciouslyB.accidentallyC.rarelyD.constantly(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.possessB.i
7、nvolveC.provideD.imagine(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.confront withB.communicate withC.agree withD.collide with(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.followB.fulfillC.adaptD.imitate(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.whetherC.howD.that(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.generateB.useC.shareD.link(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.selfishB.stressfulC.open-mindedD.attractive
8、(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.dulyB.readilyC.suddenlyD.naturally(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.more efficientB.happierC.more gloomyD.richer(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.demandB.approveC.produceD.appreciate(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.attachB.coordinateC.associateD.cooperate(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.tipB.blockC.partD.bar(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.d
9、ictateB.meanC.markD.say(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.as much asB.as many asC.as less asD.as fewer as(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.materialB.matterC.stuffD.product(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.notionB.misconceptC.faithD.experience(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.UnlessB.IfC.BecauseD.Until(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.undertakeB.tolerateC.neglectD.
10、notice(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.in replyB.in turnC.in returnD.in vainAmerica is one of many countries where the state gives a leg-up to members of certain racial, ethnic, or other groups【C1】_holding them to different standards. The details【C2】_. In some countries, the policy【C3】_only to areas under direc
11、t state control, such as public-works contracts or【C4】_to public universities. In others, private firms are also obliged to take【C5】_of the race of their employees, contractors and even owners.【C6】_the effects are strikingly similar around the world. Many of these policies were put in place with the
12、 best of intentions: to【C7】_for past injustices and purify their legacy. No one can deny that, 【C8】_, blacks in America have suffered awful wrongs, and continue to suffer【C9】_. Favouring members of these groups seems like a quick and effective way of making society【C10】_. Most of these groups have m
13、ade great【C11】_. At the same time, the downside of affirmative action has become all too【C12】_. Awarding university places to black students【C13】_lower test scores than whites sounds reasonable,【C14】_the legacy of segregation. But a study found that at some American universities, black applicants wh
14、o scored 450 points worse than Asians on entrance tests were【C15】_likely to win a place. That is neither fair on Asians, nor a(n) 【C16】_to blacks to study in high school. The book “Mismatch“ produces evidence that【C17】_affirmative action reduces the number of blacks who【C18】_as lawyers by placing bl
15、ack students in law schools for which they are【C19】_, causing many to drop out. Had they attended less demanding schools, they might have【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.withB.inC.atD.by(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.varyB.alterC.remainD.shift(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.refersB.appliesC.amountsD.contributes(4).【C4】（分
16、数：2.00）A.admissionB.confessionC.concessionD.conversion(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.careB.tollC.accountD.advantage(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.ButC.SimilarlyD.Then(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.competeB.complainC.combatD.compensate(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.for exampleB.as a resultC.in contrastD.as usual(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.distinctionB
17、.separationC.disturbanceD.discrimination(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.wiserB.more modernizedC.fairerD.more conservative(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.fortuneB.contributionC.progressD.effort(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.desirableB.apparentC.reliableD.negative(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.toB.withC.asD.for(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.givenB.prov
18、idedC.concernedD.supposed(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.partiallyB.slightlyC.occasionallyD.equally(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.blockB.difficultyC.incentiveD.obstacle(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.suggestsB.advisesC.objectsD.supposes(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.considerB.qualifyC.proveD.appear(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.competentB.capableC.il
19、l-preparedD.well-prepared(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.graduatedB.succeededC.failedD.withdrawn考研英语（完形填空）模拟试卷 188 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：
20、40.00）_解析：Whether we want it or not we are all greedy by nature. From the moment we are【C1】_and to the last day of our life we【C2】_have an unsatisfied hunger to【C3】_more than we have. Greed is a way for us to take care of our needs and to make sure that we have enough in life. If you do not【C4】_me t
21、hen look at any child Children and especially babies do not have any social norms that they have to【C5】_. All of their desires are engraved in them from birth. No matter【C6】_it is a toy or extra 5 minutes of hugging with Mommy or Daddy, children do not want to【C7】_it with anybody. As parents we teac
22、h them that it is good to share and not to be【C8】_, however generosity does not come【C9】_. It is a fact that generous people are【C10】_in life, they feel that their life is more meaningful and they【C11】_it more We often【C12】_generosity with money and wealth; however this is just the【C13】_of the icebe
23、rg. Being generous does not only【C14】_leaving a big tip at a restaurant or buying the most expensive gifts for Christmas. Generosity is all about giving and you can give your time, attention, love, help, and a smile【C15】_you can give money and【C16】_. Cultivating the spirit of generosity can be an ey
24、e-opening【C17】_for you because you will see in how many areas of your life you werent generous enough.【C18】_you open your heart to the world around you and start giving more to it then you will【C19】_how much more you will receive【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.sleepyB.born C.employedD.fired解析：解析
25、：空格所在句的 fromto结构提示，the moment we are应与 the last day of our life(生命的最后一天)相对故选 B 项 born，be born 表示“出生”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.consciouslyB.accidentallyC.rarelyD.constantly 解析：解析：根据空格前的内容“从出生到死亡”，以及后面的“有一种无法满足的欲望”，判断这里需要一个具有“一直持续”含义的调，D 项 constantly“不断地”符合句意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.possess B.involveC.provideD.i
26、magine解析：解析：本文的主题就是“贪婪”，四个选项中，代入原文能表示“贪婪”的只有 A 项 possess“拥有”，an unsatisfied hunger to possess 表示“永不满足的渴望拥有的欲望”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.confront withB.communicate withC.agree with D.collide with解析：解析：作者在这里举 children 的例子是为了让读者认同他的观点，所以用 C 项 agree with“同意”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.follow B.fulfillC.adaptD.imitate
27、解析：解析：此处意为“孩子，尤其婴儿，不必任何社会准则。”空格处缺少一个动词。故推断空格处的词表示“遵从”含义，A 项 follow“遵照”符合要求。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.whether C.howD.that解析：解析：根据空格后的 or，不难判断这里选 B 项 whether，短语 whetheror 意为“无论是还是”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.generateB.useC.share D.link解析：解析：空格后的 it 指代上文提到的“玩具”或“父母的拥抱”，上文提到“他们的贪婪与生俱来”，故推断孩子不愿意分享，因此选 C 项 share“分
28、享”。由下一句复现的 share 也可知选 C。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.selfish B.stressfulC.open-mindedD.attractive解析：解析：not to be与 to share 通过 and 并列，两者意思应相近，因此空格处的词意思上应跟share(分享)相反，故选 A 项 selfish“自私的”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.dulyB.readilyC.suddenlyD.naturally 解析：解析：上文谈到贪婪是与生俱来的，空格所在句依然在表达这层含义。空格处填入副词，修饰does not come。D 项 naturally
29、 意为“天生地”，该句表示“慷慨并不是与生俱来的”，故选 D。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.more efficientB.happier C.more gloomyD.richer解析：解析：从逗号后的内容“感到生活更有意义”来推断，generous people(慷慨的人)应该是过得“更开心”。故选 B 项 happier“更开心的”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.demandB.approveC.produceD.appreciate 解析：解析：空格后的 it 指代前文提到的 their life。上文提到“他们感到生活更有意义”，因此可推断他们感激生活故选 D
30、 项 appreciate“感激”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.attachB.coordinateC.associate D.cooperate解析：解析：根据空格后的介词 with，首先排除 A，attach 一般与 to 搭配，意思是“贴在上”。剩下的选项都可以与 with 搭配，其中 coordinatewith 意为“与配合”；associatewith“与联系”：cooperatewith“与合作”。一一代入句中后，只有 C 代入，指“我们常把慷慨和财富联系在一起”符合语境。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.tip B.blockC.partD.bar解析：解
31、析：This 指代上一句的“我们常把慷慨和财富联系在一起”，而根据下文的 Being generous does not only(慷慨不仅仅是)可知“把慷慨和财富联系在一起”是片面的，A 项 tip 代入，tip of the iceberg 意为“冰山一角”，符合语境。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.dictateB.mean C.markD.say解析：解析：从句意来看，“慷慨并不只是在餐馆留下大笔小费或者在圣诞节买最昂贵的礼物”填入 B 项 mean“意味着”合适。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.as much as B.as many asC.as less as
32、D.as fewer as解析：解析：慷慨不单在金钱方面，时间、精力、爱心、援助和微笑都是一种慷慨。空格处应填入具有“和一样多”含义的短语，时间、精力、爱心、援助和微笑是不可数名词，因此选 A。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.materialB.matterC.stuff D.product解析：解析：money and stuff 是一个常见的表述，可视为一个固定搭配，意思是“钱与东西”，故选C。排除其他三个选项。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.notionB.misconceptC.faithD.experience 解析：解析：空格后提到“发现很多时候自己都不慷慨”，
33、这是一种“体会，体验”，选 D 项experience“体会，体验”。an eye-opening experience 指“大开眼界的体会”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.UnlessB.If C.BecauseD.Until解析：解析：根据后面提到的 you willhow much more可以知道，前半句是一种假设条件，故选B 项 If。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.undertakeB.tolerateC.neglectD.notice 解析：解析：从句意来看“如果你向世界敞开心胸，并开始施予更多，你会你将收获更多”，无疑这里应该选择 D 项 notice“发
34、现”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.in replyB.in turnC.in return D.in vain解析：解析：上文提到 giving(给与)，而下文提及 receive(获得)，“获得”是“给与”的回报，因此选C 项 in return“作为报答”。America is one of many countries where the state gives a leg-up to members of certain racial, ethnic, or other groups【C1】_holding them to different standards. The
35、 details【C2】_. In some countries, the policy【C3】_only to areas under direct state control, such as public-works contracts or【C4】_to public universities. In others, private firms are also obliged to take【C5】_of the race of their employees, contractors and even owners.【C6】_the effects are strikingly s
36、imilar around the world. Many of these policies were put in place with the best of intentions: to【C7】_for past injustices and purify their legacy. No one can deny that, 【C8】_, blacks in America have suffered awful wrongs, and continue to suffer【C9】_. Favouring members of these groups seems like a qu
37、ick and effective way of making society【C10】_. Most of these groups have made great【C11】_. At the same time, the downside of affirmative action has become all too【C12】_. Awarding university places to black students【C13】_lower test scores than whites sounds reasonable,【C14】_the legacy of segregation.
38、 But a study found that at some American universities, black applicants who scored 450 points worse than Asians on entrance tests were【C15】_likely to win a place. That is neither fair on Asians, nor a(n) 【C16】_to blacks to study in high school. The book “Mismatch“ produces evidence that【C17】_affirma
39、tive action reduces the number of blacks who【C18】_as lawyers by placing black students in law schools for which they are【C19】_, causing many to drop out. Had they attended less demanding schools, they might have【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.withB.inC.atD.by 解析：解析：空格后的“给他们设定不同的标准”是。让特定的种族、少数族裔或
40、者其他族群享受特殊待遇”的方式，因此选表方式的介词，D 项 by 符合要求。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.vary B.alterC.remainD.shift解析：解析：从下文的提示：In some countriesIn others，可以推测，空格处要填入表示“不同”含义的词，故选 A 项 vary“有不同”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.refersB.applies C.amountsD.contributes解析：解析：本句和下一句是对照的两句，下一句的“私企也有义务”显然是政策“应用”的范围，因此选 B 项 applies“应用”，applyto 意为“应用到”。
41、(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.admission B.confessionC.concessionD.conversion解析：解析：此处为政府在其职权范围实施的两项政策，一项为“国有的雇用合同”，一项为“公立大学的”。选项中，能跟“雇佣合同”同范畴的是 A 项 admission“入学”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.careB.tollC.account D.advantage解析：解析：此处意为“私企须在雇佣工人、签订合同，甚至选择股东时都必须他们的种族因素”，C 项 take account of“考虑”代入空格，符合常识逻辑。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.An
42、dB.But C.SimilarlyD.Then解析：解析：空格前谈到各国情况有别，但空格后又说“各国的实施效果都大同小异”，这里含有转折关系故选 B 项 But。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.competeB.complainC.combatD.compensate 解析：解析：冒号前的 intentions 意为“愿望，期望”，冒号后的内容就是两个美好的愿望：“过去的不公正”以及“让他们拥有清白的遗产”。D 项 compensate 意为“补偿”，代入句中符合句意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.for example B.as a resultC.in contrastD.
43、as usual解析：解析：空格后的“美国黑人”的例子是上句的一个具体例子，因此选 A 项 for example“例如”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.distinctionB.separationC.disturbanceD.discrimination 解析：解析：根据空格前的 continue to suffer 表明这种现象仍在持续。结合常识，上一句的 awful wrongs 表示“歧视”故选 D 项 discrimination“歧视”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.wiserB.more modernizedC.fairer D.more conservat
44、ive解析：解析：从句意为“优待这些种群似乎是一种令社会的快速而有效的方式”，本段首句提及过去不公平(past injustices)，故此处应填入与之相对的 C 项 fairer“更公平的”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.fortuneB.contributionC.progress D.effort解析：解析：四个选项都可以与 make 搭配。make fortune 意为“发财”；make contribution“做贡献”；make progress“取得进步”；make effort“做出努力”。但这里只有 C 符合逻辑，代入句中意为“大多数这类族群都取得了巨大的进步”。
45、(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.desirableB.apparent C.reliableD.negative解析：解析：空格后提到，低分的黑人学生同样可以被录取，甚至比亚裔学生分数低也可能被录取，这对亚裔学生不公平，也没有激励黑人学生学习。由此可知平权法案的负面效应是“明显的”，故选 B 项apparent“明显的”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.toB.with C.asD.for解析：解析：下一句的 450 points worse(比亚裔学生低 450 分)对应本句的 lower test scores，因此空格处应填入的介词应跟下一句的 scored(获得分数
46、)近义，故选 B 项 with“具有”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.given B.providedC.concernedD.supposed解析：解析：空格前表明“即使黑人学生的入学分数线比白人学生低是合理的”，空格后表明原因：黑人是种族隔离的受害者。A 项 given“考虑到”能后接原因，故为答案。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.partiallyB.slightlyC.occasionallyD.equally 解析：解析：由下一句的 That is neither fair on Asians(这对于亚裔来说并不公平)，可推断此处表示“分数低于亚裔学生的黑人学生
47、也会被录取”，be equally likely to 表示“同样有可能”，符合语境，故选 D。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.blockB.difficultyC.incentive D.obstacle解析：解析：本句逗号前的“这对于亚裔来说并不公平”是说平权运动不合理之处，由并列结构neithernor可推知，此处还是说“平权运动的不合理”，C 项 incentive“鼓励”代入，表示“平权运动也不能鼓励黑人学生在高中努力学习”，符合要求。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.suggests B.advisesC.objectsD.supposes解析：解析：空格所在处为定语从句，that 指代 evidence(证明)，证据的作用是“证明”，因此空格处应填入表“显示，证明”含义的词，A 项 suggests“表明”符合要求。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.considerB.qualify C.proveD.appear解析：解析：根据下文出现的 drop out(辍学)等词，可知黑人学生在法学院的成绩不理想。因而拿到律师牌的资格也就少了。故用 B 项 qualify“(使)
