1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 87 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The country“s inadequate mental health system gets the most attention after ins
2、tances of mass violence that the nation has seen repeatedly over the past few months. Not all who【C1】_these sorts of cruelties are mentally ill, but【C2】_ have been. After each, the national discussion quickly, but temporarily, turns toward the mental health services that may have【C3】_to prevent anot
3、her attack. Mental illness usually is not as dangerous or dramatic. 【C4】_23 million Americans live with mental disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Very few of these men and women are【C5】_mass-murderers; they need help for their own well-being and for that of their【C6】_. T
4、he Affordable Care Act has significantly increased insurance coverage 【C7】_mental health care. But that may not be enough to expand 【C8】_to insufficient mental-health-care resources. Rep. Tim Murphy has a bill that would do so. The Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis Act is more【C9】_than other
5、recent efforts to reform the system and perhaps has the brightest prospects in a divided Congress. The【C10】_would reorganize the billions the federal government pours into mental health services. It would 【C11】_the way Medicaid pays for certain mental health treatments. It would fund mental health c
6、linics that 【C12】_certain medical standards. And it would【C13】_states to adopt policies that allow judges to order some severely mentally ill people to undergo treatment. Not everyone is satisfied. Some patients“ advocates have【C14】_Mr. Murphy“s approach as coercive and【C15】_ to those who need help.
7、 The government should not be expanding the system“s capability to hospitalize or impose treatment on those【C16】_severe episodes, they say. It should instead be investing in community care that 【C17】_the need for more serious treatment.【C18】_, for a small class who will not accept treatment between
8、hospital visits or repeat arrests, they say, states have good reason to 【C19】_ them to accept care, under judicial supervision. Mr. Murphy“s reform package may not prevent the next Sandy Hook. 【C20】_the changes would help relieve a lot of suffering that does not make the front page.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1
9、分数：2.00）A.grantB.commitC.affordD.award(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.manyB.fewC.moreD.much(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.requestedB.demandedC.failedD.attempted(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.NeatlyB.ConsiderablyC.NearlyD.Hardly(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.inevitableB.necessaryC.certainD.potential(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.careersB.hospitalsC.schoolsD.
10、families(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.forB.againstC.withD.without(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.warningB.accessC.demandD.way(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.preferableB.ineffectiveC.singleD.comprehensive(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.billB.methodC.linkD.law(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.changeC.refuseD.hold(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.haveB.makeC.meetD.a
11、ccord(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.admitB.pushC.retardD.command(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.praisedB.appreciatedC.scoldedD.condemned(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.harmfulB.beneficialC.uncertainD.considerate(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.looking intoB.taking onC.dealing withD.going through(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.heads offB.interferes withC
12、takes offD.copes with(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.ThusB.BecauseC.HoweverD.And(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.inviteB.allowC.requireD.refute(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.ButC.ThereforeD.BesidesMcDonald“s, Greggs, KFC and Subway are today named as the most littered brands in England as Keep Britain Tidy called on fast-food
13、 companies to do more to tackle customers who drop their wrappers and drinks cartons in the streets. Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep Britain Tidy, 【C1】_ its new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it had investigated which【C2】_made up “littered England“ and the same names appeared ag
14、ain and again. “We 【C3】_litterers for dropping this fast food litter 【C4】_the first place but also believe the result have pertinent messages for the fast food 【C5】_. McDonald“s, Greggs, KFC and Subway need to do more to【C6】_littering by their customers.“ He recognized efforts made by McDonald“s,【C7
15、 placing little bins and increasing litter patrols, but its litter remained “all too prevalent“. All fast food chains should reduce【C8】_packaging, he added. Companies could also reduce prices【C9】_ those who stayed to eat food on their premises, offer money-off vouchers or other 【C10】_for those who
16、 returned packaging and put more bins at 【C11】_points in local streets, not just outside their premises. A 【C12】_ for McDonald“s said: “We do our best. Obviously we ask all our customers to dispose of litter responsibly.“ Trials of more extensive, all-day litter patrols were 【C13】_in Manchester and
17、Birmingham. KFC said it took its【C14】_for litter management “very seriously“, and would introduce a programme to reduce packaging【C15】_ many products. Subway said that it worked hard to【C16】_ the impact of litter on communities, 【C17】_ it was “still down to the【C18】_customer to dispose of their litt
18、er responsibly“. Greggs said it recognized the “continuing challenge for us all“, 【C19】_having already taken measures to help【C20】_the issue.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.elevatingB.launchingC.conveningD.projecting(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.signalB.commercialC.signD.brand(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.disregardB.condemn
19、C.uncoverD.refute(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.inB.towardC.offD.around(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.professionB.careerC.industryD.vocation(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.discourageB.excludeC.retreatD.suppress(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.containingB.incorporatingC.comprisingD.including(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.unreliableB.unrelatedC.unnecessaryD.unimp
20、ortant(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.withB.aboutC.toD.for(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.dividendsB.incentivesC.meritsD.accessories(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.curiousB.mysteriousC.strategicD.strange(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.spokesmanB.brokerC.mediatorD.narrator(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.off handB.at riskC.in seasonD.under way(14).【C14】（分数：
21、2.00）A.commissionB.responsibilityC.administrationD.liability(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.aroundB.onC.aboveD.by(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.suspendB.degradeC.minimizeD.divert(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.butB.whetherC.soD.if(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.respectiveB.concreteC.individualD.unique(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.despiteB.viaC.except
22、D.without(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.copeB.disposeC.dealD.tackle考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 87 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The country“s inadeq
23、uate mental health system gets the most attention after instances of mass violence that the nation has seen repeatedly over the past few months. Not all who【C1】_these sorts of cruelties are mentally ill, but【C2】_ have been. After each, the national discussion quickly, but temporarily, turns toward t
24、he mental health services that may have【C3】_to prevent another attack. Mental illness usually is not as dangerous or dramatic. 【C4】_23 million Americans live with mental disorder, according to the National Institute of Mental Health. Very few of these men and women are【C5】_mass-murderers; they need
25、help for their own well-being and for that of their【C6】_. The Affordable Care Act has significantly increased insurance coverage 【C7】_mental health care. But that may not be enough to expand 【C8】_to insufficient mental-health-care resources. Rep. Tim Murphy has a bill that would do so. The Helping F
26、amilies in Mental Health Crisis Act is more【C9】_than other recent efforts to reform the system and perhaps has the brightest prospects in a divided Congress. The【C10】_would reorganize the billions the federal government pours into mental health services. It would 【C11】_the way Medicaid pays for cert
27、ain mental health treatments. It would fund mental health clinics that 【C12】_certain medical standards. And it would【C13】_states to adopt policies that allow judges to order some severely mentally ill people to undergo treatment. Not everyone is satisfied. Some patients“ advocates have【C14】_Mr. Murp
28、hy“s approach as coercive and【C15】_ to those who need help. The government should not be expanding the system“s capability to hospitalize or impose treatment on those【C16】_severe episodes, they say. It should instead be investing in community care that 【C17】_the need for more serious treatment.【C18】
29、 for a small class who will not accept treatment between hospital visits or repeat arrests, they say, states have good reason to 【C19】_ them to accept care, under judicial supervision. Mr. Murphy“s reform package may not prevent the next Sandy Hook. 【C20】_the changes would help relieve a lot of su
30、ffering that does not make the front page.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.grantB.commit C.affordD.award解析：解析：此处的句意为“不是所有_这些残酷罪行的人都有心理疾病”。此处所填动词需与后面的 cruelties 构成搭配，故 Bcommit“犯，犯罪；做错事”符合题意，为正确答案。grant“授予”后接“权利、财物“等词，afford“给予；买得起”后接某一种物品，award“授予，奖励”常跟奖励的具体东西。三项均不符合题意，故排除。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.many B.fewC.
31、moreD.much解析：解析：根据上一题的分析，此处的句意为“不是所有犯下这些残酷罪行的人都有心理疾病，但是他们中的_却已经是心理疾病患者了”。从语境上判断，Amany“许多人”承接前一句，符合题意。few“少数人”属于反向干扰，与题意不符；此处并没有比较之意，故 more“更多的人”应排除；much“许多”代指不可数名词，而此处指人，为可数名词，故排除。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.requestedB.demandedC.failed D.attempted解析：解析：此处的句意为“每一次暴力事件之后，全国性的讨论便很快但只是临时性地转向心理健康服务这样的心理服务往往可能_阻止另
32、一次攻击。”由此可知，暴力事件的发生受这种心理服务的影响较小，fail to do sth意为“失败、未做成某事”，故 Cfailed“失败，不成功”符合题意，为正确答案。request“要求”与 demand“要求，需求”不符合题意，且这两个词不与 to 搭配；attempt“企图，尝试”可与 to 搭配，意为“尝试试图做某事”，不符合题意，故排除。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.NeatlyB.ConsiderablyC.Nearly D.Hardly解析：解析：根据本段首句可知，心理疾病并不那么危险。由此语境可判断，后一句应该介绍心理疾病患者人数众多。此处的句意为“_2300 万的
33、美国人忍受着心理疾病的困扰”。根据句意，CNearly“差不多，将近”符合题意，为正确答案。Neatly“整洁地，灵巧地”，Considerably“相当地，非常地”，Hardly“几乎不”，均不符合题意，故排除。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.inevitableB.necessaryC.certainD.potential 解析：解析：此处的句意为“这些男性和女性中很少有人是_杀人如麻的刽子手”。根据上一题分析，在美国患有心理疾病的人很多，而此处表达的则是很少有人是杀人如麻的刽子手。可见，Dpotential“潜在的”与现实形成对比，符合题意，为正确答案。inevitable“不可避
34、免的”不用于修饰人；necessary“必要的“，certain“确定的，某一”不符合题意，故排除。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.careersB.hospitalsC.schoolsD.families 解析：解析：根据此处所在句子的句意“为了自己和_的幸福，他们(心理疾病患者)需要帮助”可知，句中的“自己”和空格处形成对照，故 Dfamilies“家庭”符合题意，为正确答案。career“职业”，hospital“医院”，school“学校”不与“幸福”搭配，均不符合题意，故排除。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.for B.againstC.withD.without解析：解
35、析：此处的句意为“平价医保法案极大地扩大了_心理健康保健的保险范围”。纵观四个选项，Afor“为了，对于，适合于”符合题意，为正确答案。against“反对”与题意相反，可排除；with“和，伴随”，without“没有”也与题意不符，故排除。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.warningB.access C.demandD.way解析：解析：本句是对前一句的转折，其句意为“但是，那并不足以扩大不健全的心理健康保健资源的”。将四个选项分别代入，只有 Baccess“进入；使用权；通路”符合题意，为正确答案。warning“警告”虽可与后面的 to 搭配，但其意为“对的警告”不符合题意；d
36、emand“要求，需要”与 to 搭配时结构为demand sbto do sth与此处结构不符；way“方式，道路”与 to 搭配时意为“通向的路”也不符合题意，故排除。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.preferableB.ineffectiveC.singleD.comprehensive 解析：解析：此处的句意为“家庭心理健康危机辅助法案比最近试图改革系统的努力更加_，它可能在有分歧的国会里拥有最光明的前景”。根据语境判断，空格处所填词汇应具有积极的含义。且对于法案来讲，可以用 Dcomprehensive“综合的，广泛的，全方位的”来修饰。preferable“更好的，较喜爱的
37、本身含有比较级的含义，故不能跟在 more 后面；ineffective“无效的，失效的”与后半句描述矛盾；single“单身的，单个的”与题意不符。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.bill B.methodC.linkD.law解析：解析：理解上下文是作答此题的关键。此处的句意为“这个_将重组联邦政府拨给心理卫生服务机构的数十亿美元”。本段句首介绍了 RepTim Murphy 提出了一个法案。此处讲的是法案的实施细节，故 Abill“法案”是对前文的呼应，为正确答案。method“办法”不能替换 bill；link“联系，关系”不符合题意，应排除；law“法律”表示颁布实施后的
38、法案，与题意不符，故排除。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.change C.refuseD.hold解析：解析：此处的句意为“它将_医疗补助计划支付某种心理健康治疗的方式。”前文介绍了此法案与别的改革不同，将重组拨付资金，所以此处应该继续说明它的不同措施。Bchange“改变”符合题意。文中没有交代医疗补助计划以前的支付方式，故 confirm“确认，证实”不符合题意。此法案与医疗补助支付方式不是给予与接受的关系，故 refuse“拒绝”与题意不符；hold“持有，保存”与此法案的措施相反，故排除。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.haveB.makeC.m
39、eet D.accord解析：解析：本句承接上文，介绍法案的具体措施。此处的句意为“它将资助_某种医疗标准的心理健康诊所”。meet the standard 为固定搭配，意为“符合标准”，故选 Cmeet。心理健康诊所不能有自己的医疗标准，也不能制定医疗标准，故排除 have“有”和 make“制造”；accord“使一致，符合”有一定的干扰，但其用法为 accord with，意为“同相符合，与一致”，此句中没有介词 with，构不成搭配，故排除。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.admitB.push C.retardD.command解析：解析：根据前面三句可知，本句要说明的是
40、该法案的第四个影响。此处的句意为“此外，它将政府采取政策，允许法官强制要求一些患有严重心理疾病的人群接受治疗”。根据语境判断，Bpush“推动，对施加压力”符合题意，为正确答案。admit“承认”不符合题意，较易排除；retard“阻止，妨碍”与语境相反；政府不受法案的命令与指挥，而是运用法案行事，故排除 command“命令，指挥”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.praisedB.appreciatedC.scoldedD.condemned 解析：解析：此处的句意为“一些病人的支持者_了 Murphy 先生的方法，认为这一方法”。根据本段首句可知，不是每个人都满意，故此处应呼应
41、前文，表达否定的含义。Dcondemned“谴责”符合题意，为正确答案。praise“赞扬”，appreciate“欣赏，感激”与此处语境相反，应排除；scold“责骂，训斥”后常接人作宾语，不符合题意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.harmful B.beneficialC.uncertainD.considerate解析：解析：此处的句意为“认为这一方法对于需要帮助的人是强制的和_”。根据空格前的coercive“强制的，胁迫的”以及 and 来判断，此处仍需填一个具有否定含义的词，故 Aharmful“有害的，能造成损害的”符合题意，为正确答案。beneficial“有益的，
42、有利的”、considerate“考虑周到的”是反向干扰；uncertain“无常的，靠不住的”没有表现出与空格前含义一致的感情色彩，故排除。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.looking intoB.taking onC.dealing withD.going through 解析：解析：发作时期的病人就医或政府强制他们接受治疗。病人应该是经历这种病症的发作时期，故Dgoing through“经历，经受”符合题意，为正确答案。根据语境，病人不可能是病症发作时期的调查者，故 looking into“调查”不符合题意；taking on“呈现；承担”不与病症的发作时期构成动宾关系；
43、dealing with“处理，解决”后常跟 problem 等类型的词，故排除。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.heads off B.interferes withC.takes offD.copes with解析：解析：此处的句意为“相反，它应该把钱投到_更危急治疗需求的社区保健上”。根据上下文，此处提倡把钱投向社区保健。可见，社区保健在危急治疗方面是欠缺的、不力的。所以，Aheads off“阻止”符合题意。interfere with“干扰，干涉”不与“需求”搭配；take off“起飞；脱下”与题意不符，故排除；cope with“处理，应付”在此处没有褒贬的感情色彩，不
44、符合语境，故排除。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.ThusB.BecauseC.However D.And解析：解析：此处的句意为“_，对于拒绝接受医院治疗或经常被拘留的小部分人来说，政府有理由”。本段的前半部分一直在介绍反对法案的声音，但此处后半句却出现了 states have good reason tothem to accept care 的句子。可见，这是一个例外，是支持政府采取强制措施的例子，与前文构成转折关系，故 CHowever“然而，可是”为正确答案。Thus“因此”，And“而且”不符合语境；Because“因为”后直接跟句子，不加逗号，且其含义不符合题意，故排
45、除。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.inviteB.allowC.require D.refute解析：解析：此处的句意为“政府有理由_他们在司法监督下接受治疗”。根据前文的分析，此处应为政府对病人的敦促或强制，故 Crequire“要求，命令”符合题意，为正确答案。invite“邀请”在语气上不符合语境，应排除。政府从未禁止病人就医，故 allow“允许”不符合题意；refute“反驳，驳斥”后跟言论或人作宾语，但无 refute sbto do sth的结构，且在含义上不符合语境，故排除。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.But C.ThereforeD.Bes
46、ides解析：解析：此处的句意为“_，这些变化将有助于极大地缓解不会登上报纸头版的许多痛苦”。根据前一句“Murphy 先生的一揽子改革计划或许不会”可知，此句与其构成转折关系，故 BBut“但是”符合题意，为正确答案。And“而且”表递进或并列，Therefore“因此，所以”表因果，Besides“此外”表并列，三者均不符合题意，故排除。McDonald“s, Greggs, KFC and Subway are today named as the most littered brands in England as Keep Britain Tidy called on fast-fo
47、od companies to do more to tackle customers who drop their wrappers and drinks cartons in the streets. Phil Barton, chief executive of Keep Britain Tidy, 【C1】_ its new Dirty Pig campaign, said it was the first time it had investigated which【C2】_made up “littered England“ and the same names appeared again and again. “We 【C3】_litterers for dropping this fast food litter 【C4】_the first place but also believe the result have pertinent messages for the fast food 【C5】_. McDonald“s, Greggs, KFC and Subway need to do more to【C6】_littering by the
