1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 85 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_When it comes to eating smart for your heart, stop thinking about short-term fi
2、xes and simplify life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come. Smart eating goes beyond analyzing every bite you lift【C1】_your mouth. “In the past we used to believe that【C2】_amounts of individual nutrients were the 【C3】_to good health,“ Linda Van Horn, chair of th
3、e American Heart Association“ s Nutrition Committee. “But now we have a【C4】_understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of food necessary to【C5】_ not only heart disease but disease【C6】_general,“ she adds. Scientists now 【C7】_on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten【C8】_several days or a
4、 week【C9】_ than on the number of milligrams of this or that【C10】_at each meal. Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for example, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds【C11】_for good health. “The more we learn, the more 【C12】_we are by the wealth of essential substances they【C13】_ ,“ Van Horn co
5、ntinues, “and how they【C14】_with each other to keep us healthy.“ You“ll automatically be 【C15】_the right heart-healthy track if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make【C16】_three quarters of the food on your dinner plate.【C17】_ in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs. T
6、he foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to【C18】_clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a【C19】_ , each of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big 【C20】_on your health in the years to come.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.betweenB.throughC.insideD.to(2).【C2】（分数：2.0
7、0）A.seriousB.splendidC.specificD.separate(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.keyB.pointC.leadD.center(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.strictB.differentC.typicalD.natural(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.rescueB.preventC.forbidD.offend(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.inB.uponC.forD.by(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.turnB.putC.focusD.carry(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.overB.alongC.wi
8、thD.beyond(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.otherB.betterC.ratherD.sooner(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.conveyedB.consumedC.enteredD.exhausted(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.vitalB.initialC.validD.radical(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.disturbedB.depressedC.amazedD.amused(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.retainB.containC.attainD.maintain(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.
9、interfereB.interactC.reckonD.rest(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.atB.ofC.onD.within(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.outB.intoC.offD.up(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.EngageB.FillC.InsertD.Pack(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.deleteB.hinderC.avoidD.spoil(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.notionB.hesitationC.reasonD.doubt(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.outcomeB.functionC
10、.impactD.commitmentIn 1915 Einstein made a trip to Gottingen to give some lectures at the invitation of the mathematical physicist David Hilbert. He was particularly eagertoo eager, it would turn【C1】_to explain all the intricacies of relativity to him. The visit was a triumph, and he said to a frien
11、d excitedly: “I was able to【C2】_Hilbert of the general theory of relativity.“ 【C3】_all of Einstein“ s personal turmoil at the time, a new scientific anxiety was about to 【C4】_. He was struggling to find the right equations that would【C5】_ his new concept of gravity, 【C6】_ that would define how objec
12、ts move 【C7】_space and how space is curved by objects. By the end of the summer, he【C8】_ the mathematical approach he had been【C9】_for almost three years was flawed. And now there was a【C10】_pressure. Einstein discovered to his【C11】_ that Hilbert had taken what he had lectures and was racing to come
13、 up【C12】_ the correct equations first. It was an enormously complex task. Although Einstein was the better physicist. Hilbert was the better mathematician. So in October 1915 Einstein【C13】_himself into a month-long-frantic endeavor in【C14】_he returned to an earlier mathematical strategy and wrestled
14、 with equations, proofs, corrections and updates that he【C15】_to give as lectures to Berlin“ s Prussian Academy of Sciences on four【C16】_Thursdays. His first lecture was delivered on Nov. 4,1915, and it explained his new approach, 【C17】_ he admitted he did not yet have the precise mathematical formu
15、lation of it. Einstein also took time off from【C18】_ revising his equations to engage in an awkward fandango with his competitor Hilbert. Worried【C19】_ being scooped, he sent Hilbert a copy of his Nov. 4 lecture. “I am 【C20】_to know whether you will take kindly to this new solution,“ Einstein noted
16、with a touch of defensiveness.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.upB.overC.outD.off(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.convinceB.counselC.persuadeD.preach(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AboveB.AroundC.AmidD.Along(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.emitB.emergeC.submitD.submerge(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.imitateB.igniteC.describeD.ascribe(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.one
17、sB.thoseC.allD.none(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.beyondC.amongD.through(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.resolvedB.realizedC.acceptedD.assured(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.pursuingB.protectingC.contestingD.contending(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.complexB.compatibleC.comparativeD.competitive(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.humorB.horrorC.excitementD.e
18、xtinction(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.toB.forC.withD.against(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.threwB.thrustC.huddledD.hopped(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.howB.thatC.whatD.which(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.dashedB.dartedC.rushedD.reeled(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.successiveB.progressiveC.extensiveD.repetitive(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.soB.sinceC.thou
19、ghD.because(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.casuallyB.coarselyC.violentlyD.furiously(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.afterB.aboutC.onD.in(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.curiousB.consciousC.ambitiousD.ambiguous考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 85 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the fol
20、lowing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：When it comes to eating smart for your heart, stop thinking about short-term fixes and simplify life with a straightforward approach that will serve you well for years to come. Smart eating goes beyond a
21、nalyzing every bite you lift【C1】_your mouth. “In the past we used to believe that【C2】_amounts of individual nutrients were the 【C3】_to good health,“ Linda Van Horn, chair of the American Heart Association“ s Nutrition Committee. “But now we have a【C4】_understanding of healthy eating and the kinds of
22、 food necessary to【C5】_ not only heart disease but disease【C6】_general,“ she adds. Scientists now 【C7】_on the broader picture of the balance of food eaten【C8】_several days or a week【C9】_ than on the number of milligrams of this or that【C10】_at each meal. Fruits, vegetables and whole grains, for exam
23、ple, provide nutrients and plant-based compounds【C11】_for good health. “The more we learn, the more 【C12】_we are by the wealth of essential substances they【C13】_ ,“ Van Horn continues, “and how they【C14】_with each other to keep us healthy.“ You“ll automatically be 【C15】_the right heart-healthy track
24、 if vegetables, fruits and whole grains make【C16】_three quarters of the food on your dinner plate.【C17】_ in the remaining one quarter with lean meat or chicken, fish or eggs. The foods you choose to eat as well as those you choose to【C18】_clearly contribute to your well-being. Without a【C19】_ , each
25、 of the small decisions you make in this realm can make a big 【C20】_on your health in the years to come.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.betweenB.throughC.insideD.to 解析：解析：考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，空格处所在句意为：科学饮食远不止分析放到嘴里的每一口饭。这里要选择一个介词，lift 的原意是高举，在这里的意思就是“放到嘴边”，to 表示方向。between表示“在之间”，不合题意；inside 表示静态，与 lift 这个动作相矛
26、盾；同理，through 表示“穿过”，lift 这个动作，到嘴边就结束了，并没有穿过嘴巴，这三项均不符合题意。故选 Dto。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.seriousB.splendidC.specific D.separate解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：在过去，我们曾一度认为_数量的各种营养是身体健康的一。serious“严肃的，认真的”；splendid“壮丽的，辉煌的”；specific“明确的，特殊的，详细的”；separate“分开的，分离的”。四个选项中只有 Cspecific 符合题意，代入文中表示“特定数量的各种营养”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.
27、00）A.key B.pointC.leadD.center解析：解析：考查固定搭配。四个选项中，只有 key 才可以和后面的 to 相搭配，所以选择 Akey。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.strictB.different C.typicalD.natural解析：解析：考查逻辑关系及形容词辨析。句首的 but 是题眼，表达对比之意，所以，下文开始讲述“另一种”“不同的”饮食习惯。因此选 Bdifferent。strict“严格的，严厉的”；typical“典型的，象征性的”：natural“自然的，天生的”，均不符合题意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.rescueB.pr
28、event C.forbidD.offend解析：解析：考查动词辨析。这里是个不定式短语，需要一个动词，由宾语 heart disease 可知，Bprevent“预防”是最佳搭配。rescue“援救，营救”；forbid“禁止，不许”；offend“冒犯，违反”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.in B.uponC.forD.by解析：解析：考查固定搭配。考查和 general 搭配的介词，只有 Ain 符合语法。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.turnB.putC.focus D.carry解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。空格处需要一个动词和 on 搭配，语法上四个
29、选项都可以搭配，只能从词义上判断。turn on 表示“打开”；put on 表示“穿衣”；focus on 表示“注重”；carry on 表示“执行”。根据宾语“更广的层面”可知，应该选择 Cfocus。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.over B.alongC.withD.beyond解析：解析：考查介词搭配。需要一个和“时间段”搭配的介词，over a periodtime 表示“一段时间以来”，符合题意。故选 Aover。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.otherB.betterC.rather D.sooner解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。根据语境可知，空格处所在的句子的意
30、思为“科学家现在把主要注意力都集中在更宽广的几天或者一周的饮食平衡图景上，而不是每餐各种营养的毫克数量。”这里的逻辑关系应该为“是什么而不是什么”，rather than 表示这种关系，故选 Crather。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.conveyedB.consumed C.enteredD.exhausted解析：解析：考查动词辨析。四个选项均是动词的过去分词形式。分词短语作后置定语修饰前面的“this or that”，这里的 this or that 代指食物。Bconsumed 意为“消费或消耗”，符合语境。convey 表示“传达，搬运”；enter 表示“输入，记下
31、”；exhaust 表示“耗尽”，均不符合语境。故选 B。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.vital B.initialC.validD.radical解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处需要形容词做后置定语，和 for good health 搭配，这里只有Avital 能和 for 搭配，表示“对重要”。initial 意为“最初的，初始的”；valid“有效的，正当的”；radical“根本的，激进的”，均不符合题意。故选 A。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.disturbedB.depressedC.amazed D.amused解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句
32、子是一个 The morethe more 的固定表达，表示“越越”。disturb 意为“打乱，打扰”；depress 意为“使沮丧，使消沉”；amaze“使惊奇”；amuse 意为“使发现，使愉快”。根据语境可知，空格处表达的应该是科研人员对新发现所产生的“惊奇之感”。故选 Camazed。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.retainB.contain C.attainD.maintain解析：解析：考查动词辨析。这里的 they 表示食物，结合后面的动词，构成定语从句，修饰“必备营养元素”，这里用 Bcontain“包含”才能准确达意，表示“食物包含必备营养元素”。retain
33、 意为“保持，保留”；attain 意为“达到，获得”；maintain 意为“维持，主张”，均不符合题意。故选 B。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.interfereB.interact C.reckonD.rest解析：解析：考查动词辨析与搭配。空格处需要一个动词和 with 搭配，从语法上看，排除 Creckon 与Drest。再从语义上判断，interfere with 意为“相互干扰”，interact with 意为“相互作用，相互影响”，必备营养元素之间会相互反应，不会相互干扰。因此只能选择 Binteract。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.atB.ofC.
34、on D.within解析：解析：考查介词搭配。这里需要一个介词和 track 搭配，只有 on the right track 才符合语法。故选 Con。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.outB.intoC.offD.up 解析：解析：考查上下文语义及动词短语辨析。这里根据题意，“蔬菜、水果和谷物构成了饭菜的四分之三”，make up 可以表示“构成”之意。故选 Dup。make out 意为“理解，辨认出，书写，进展”；make into 意为“把转变为，使成为”；make off 意为“急忙离开，跑走”，均不符合题意。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.EngageB.F
35、ill C.InsertD.Pack解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处需要填人的动词的宾语是“剩余的四分之一”，从语义上理解，我们需要选择“填充”。Fill 与 in 搭配，可以表示“填充，塞满”，符合语法和语境，故 BFill 正确。Engage 与 in 搭配，意为“从事，参加”；Insert 为及物动词，不能直接与 in 搭配；Pack 与 in 搭配，意为“堆满，塞满；停止”，三项均不符合题意。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.deleteB.hinderC.avoid D.spoil解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处需要一个动词。结合语境可知，这个空应该表达“不吃”，才能和前面的
36、 eat 形成对比，Cavoid 表示“避免”，最切合题意。delete“删除”；hinder“阻碍，打扰”；spoil“损坏，扰乱”，均不符合语境。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.notionB.hesitationC.reasonD.doubt 解析：解析：考查上下文语义及词语搭配。文章在最后一句，要下一个结论，without doubt 表示“毫无疑问”，符合题目要求。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.outcomeB.functionC.impact D.commitment解析：解析：考查固定搭配。空格处需要一个名词和介词 on 搭配，make an impact
37、on 意为“对产生影响”，符合题意。故选 Cimpact。outcome 意为“结果，成果”；function 意为“作用，功能”；commitment 意为“许诺”，均不符合。In 1915 Einstein made a trip to Gottingen to give some lectures at the invitation of the mathematical physicist David Hilbert. He was particularly eagertoo eager, it would turn【C1】_to explain all the intricacies
38、 of relativity to him. The visit was a triumph, and he said to a friend excitedly: “I was able to【C2】_Hilbert of the general theory of relativity.“ 【C3】_all of Einstein“ s personal turmoil at the time, a new scientific anxiety was about to 【C4】_. He was struggling to find the right equations that wo
39、uld【C5】_ his new concept of gravity, 【C6】_ that would define how objects move 【C7】_space and how space is curved by objects. By the end of the summer, he【C8】_ the mathematical approach he had been【C9】_for almost three years was flawed. And now there was a【C10】_pressure. Einstein discovered to his【C1
40、1】_ that Hilbert had taken what he had lectures and was racing to come up【C12】_ the correct equations first. It was an enormously complex task. Although Einstein was the better physicist. Hilbert was the better mathematician. So in October 1915 Einstein【C13】_himself into a month-long-frantic endeavo
41、r in【C14】_he returned to an earlier mathematical strategy and wrestled with equations, proofs, corrections and updates that he【C15】_to give as lectures to Berlin“ s Prussian Academy of Sciences on four【C16】_Thursdays. His first lecture was delivered on Nov. 4,1915, and it explained his new approach,
42、 【C17】_ he admitted he did not yet have the precise mathematical formulation of it. Einstein also took time off from【C18】_ revising his equations to engage in an awkward fandango with his competitor Hilbert. Worried【C19】_ being scooped, he sent Hilbert a copy of his Nov. 4 lecture. “I am 【C20】_to kn
43、ow whether you will take kindly to this new solution,“ Einstein noted with a touch of defensiveness.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.upB.overC.out D.off解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。文中说爱因斯坦非常急切地想向数学物理学家大卫希耳伯特解释相对论的种种微妙之处，后来的情形证实了这一点。turn out 意为“(结果，后来)证明”，因此选项 Cout正确。turn up 意为“开大(声音)，出现”；turn over 意为“翻倒，移交”；turn off
44、意为“关掉”，均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.convince B.counselC.persuadeD.preach解析：解析：考查词语搭配。本句句意为“这次访问很成功，并且他非常激动地对朋友说：我可以说服希耳伯特使他相信相对论的普遍理论。”。convince sbof 意为“使某人相信”，符合语境。counsel“劝告，忠告”；persuade“说服”；preach“鼓吹”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.AboveB.AroundC.Amid D.Along解析：解析：考查介词辨析。Amid“在中”，后可接复数名词，符合句意。Above“在上面”；
45、Around“在周围”；Along“顺着，沿着”，均不符合语境。故选 CAmid。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.emitB.emerge C.submitD.submerge解析：解析：考查动词辨析。emerge 意为“出现，浮现”，与原文相吻合，表示“又出现了一个新的科学方面的焦虑。”emit 意为“发出(光、热、声音等)”；submit 意为“屈服；提交”；submerge 意为“浸没，淹没”，均不符合题意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.imitateB.igniteC.describe D.ascribe解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处需要补足从句中的谓语动词。本句句意为“
46、他努力去发现可以_其地心引力概念的正确公式，去发现那些能够定义物体移动穿过空间并且物体是如何环绕空间的那些原理。”Cdescribe 意为“描述”，符合语境。imitate“模仿”；ignite“点火，点燃”；ascribe“归因于”，均不符合题意。故选 C。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.ones B.thoseC.allD.none解析：解析：考查语法知识代词。Aones 用来指代前文提到的复数概念，此处指代前文提到的 the right equations。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.beyondC.amongD.through 解析：解析：考查介词辨析。空格
47、处所要表达的意思是“物体在空间运动”，“through space”表示此意，因此应选择 Dthrough。into 意为“进入到”；beyond 意为“远于，超出”；among 意为“在中间”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.resolvedB.realized C.acceptedD.assured解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据上下句逻辑含义，此处需要动词表示“意识到，发现”，本句句意应为“到夏天结束的时候，他意识到他一直使用了三年的数学路径是有错误的。”Brealized 意为“意识到”，符合语境。resolve“使下决心，解决”；accept“接受”；assure“保证，确保”，均不符合语境。故选 B。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.pursuing B.protectingC.contestingD.contending解析：解析：考查动词辨析。四个选项均为动词的现在分词形式。pursue 意为“从事，追踪”，后常接某种目标或追求，符合语境，此处指爱因斯坦探索数学方法。protect“保护”；contest“争辩，竞赛”；contend“斗争，竞争”，均不符合题意。故选 Apursuing。(10).【C1
