1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 84 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_In September, more than a dozen whales beached themselves in the Canary Islands
2、. Rescuers tried to water down the whales and keep them cool. But all of them【C1】_died. Nearby, NATO naval forces were【C2】_echo sounding devices meant to【C3】_an enemy“s submarines, and public【C4】_of the deaths ultimately came to【C5】_suspicions of a link between whale distress and loud ocean noises.
3、The theory is that the mammals seek to【C6】_the roar of the deep, rush toward the surface and in some cases end up going【C7】_. For decades, environmentalists have worked to reduce the undersea noiseusually with【C8】_success, given the growing industrialization and militarization of the oceans. They ha
4、ve【C9】_suits and waged letter-writing campaigns,【C10】_a recent petition that asks the United States Navy to【C11】_its testing of underwater sound equipment The discovery by biologists in Hawaii that whales can【C12】_the sensitivity of their hearing to protect their ears from loud noise adds another di
5、mension to the【C13】_. Michael Jasny, a senior policy analyst, called the research fascinating and said he hoped it would prove【C14】_in protecting whale hearing from these threats. But he【C15】_the finding as a work in【C16】_that posed many unanswered questions. “A lot more work needs【C17】_,“ he said.
6、“Could it be replicated in the wild? It“s a huge question.“ 【C18】_whales could learn to decrease the sensitivity of their hearing, Mr. Jasny said, that would【C19】_only a relatively small part of the oceanic noise problem. “It“s important to understand that it“s【C20】_,“ he said of the proposed method
7、. “It won“t be a silver bullet.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.inevitablyB.eventuallyC.surprisinglyD.immediately(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.developingB.installingC.testingD.checking(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.detectB.catchC.discloseD.reveal(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.knowledgeB.debateC.mourningD.reception(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.redu
8、ceB.removeC.avertD.strengthen(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.resistB.escapeC.silenceD.stop(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.deepB.awayC.ashoreD.aboard(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.noB.greatC.considerableD.little(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.filedB.quittedC.signedD.defended(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.incorporatingB.includingC.comprisingD.containing(11).【C1
9、1】（分数：2.00）A.reportB.completeC.dropD.improve(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.remainB.varyC.increaseD.decrease(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.debateB.agreementC.relationshipD.definition(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.efficientB.effectiveC.satisfactoryD.acceptable(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.denouncedB.acceptedC.characterizedD.justified(16).【
10、C16】（分数：2.00）A.demandB.contextC.actionD.progress(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.to be doingB.doneC.to doD.to be done(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.Even ifB.If onlyC.Despite thatD.Now that(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.exposeB.identifyC.addressD.raise(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.trueB.uselessC.limitedD.riskyWhen shopkeepers want to lure c
11、ustomers into buying a particular product, they typically offer it at a discount. According to a new study to be published in the Journal of Marketing, they are【C1】_a trick. A team of researchers, led by Akshay Rao of University of Minnesota, looked at consumers“【C2】_to discounting. Shoppers, they f
12、ound, much prefer getting something extra free to getting something cheaper. The main reason is that most people are【C3】_at fractions. Consumers often struggle to realise,【C4】_, that a 50% increase in【C5】_is the same as a 33% discount in price. They【C6】_assume the former is better value. In an exper
13、iment, the researchers sold 73% more hand lotion when it was offered in a【C7】_pack than when it carried an equivalent discount. This numerical blind【C8】_remains even when the deal【C9】_favours the discounted product In another experiment, this time on his undergraduates, Mr. Rao offered two deals on
14、loose coffee beans: 33% extra free or 33%【C10】_the price. The discount is【C11】_the better proposition, but the experiment shows the supposedly clever students viewed them as【C12】_. Marketing types can draw lessons【C13】_just pricing, says Mr. Rao. When advertising a new car“s efficiency, for example,
15、 it is more【C14】_to talk about the number of extra miles per gallon it does,【C15】_the equivalent percentage fall in fuel【C16】_. There may be lessons for officials who【C17】_prices too. Even well-educated shoppers are easily【C18】_. Sending everyone back to school for maths seems out of the question.【C
16、19】_more prominently displayed unit prices in shops and advertisements would be a great【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.playingB.missingC.workingD.wasting(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.resistanceB.dispositionC.attitudesD.tendencies(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.quickB.skillfulC.dumbD.weak(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.for exampleB.
17、as a resultC.in particularD.by contrast(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.weightB.quantityC.volumeD.size(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.hesitantlyB.implicitlyC.immediatelyD.overwhelmingly(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.bonusB.bubbleC.singleD.big(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pointB.trackC.spotD.trace(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.partiallyB.brightlyC.vividlyD.clea
18、rly(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.aboveB.offC.ofD.on(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.in allB.at bestC.by farD.for all(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.bargainB.equivalentC.distinctionD.conspiracy(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.beyondB.fromC.inD.on(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.professionalB.accurateC.convincingD.difficult(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.other thanB.
19、more thanC.rather thanD.better than(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.pricesB.consumptionC.supplyD.charges(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.regulateB.promoteC.reduceD.formulate(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.persuadedB.distractedC.foxedD.impressed(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.ThenB.OrC.SoD.But(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.reliefB.surpriseC.helpD.success考
20、研英语（完形填空）-试卷 84 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：In September, more than a dozen whales beached themselves in the Canary Island
21、s. Rescuers tried to water down the whales and keep them cool. But all of them【C1】_died. Nearby, NATO naval forces were【C2】_echo sounding devices meant to【C3】_an enemy“s submarines, and public【C4】_of the deaths ultimately came to【C5】_suspicions of a link between whale distress and loud ocean noises.
22、 The theory is that the mammals seek to【C6】_the roar of the deep, rush toward the surface and in some cases end up going【C7】_. For decades, environmentalists have worked to reduce the undersea noiseusually with【C8】_success, given the growing industrialization and militarization of the oceans. They h
23、ave【C9】_suits and waged letter-writing campaigns,【C10】_a recent petition that asks the United States Navy to【C11】_its testing of underwater sound equipment The discovery by biologists in Hawaii that whales can【C12】_the sensitivity of their hearing to protect their ears from loud noise adds another d
24、imension to the【C13】_. Michael Jasny, a senior policy analyst, called the research fascinating and said he hoped it would prove【C14】_in protecting whale hearing from these threats. But he【C15】_the finding as a work in【C16】_that posed many unanswered questions. “A lot more work needs【C17】_,“ he said.
25、 “Could it be replicated in the wild? It“s a huge question.“ 【C18】_whales could learn to decrease the sensitivity of their hearing, Mr. Jasny said, that would【C19】_only a relatively small part of the oceanic noise problem. “It“s important to understand that it“s【C20】_,“ he said of the proposed metho
26、d. “It won“t be a silver bullet.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.inevitablyB.eventually C.surprisinglyD.immediately解析：解析：上文提到鲸鱼搁浅，句首的转折词 But 表明尽管救援人员尽力抢救，鲸鱼还是全都死了。因此填入 B 项 eventually“最终”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.developingB.installingC.testing D.checking解析：解析：此处要表达的意思是“NATO 海军部队正_回声测探设备”，根据后文“以敌人的潜艇”，可知填入 C
27、项 testing“测试”最合适。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.detect B.catchC.discloseD.reveal解析：解析：此处要填入动词，其逻辑主语是 echo sounding devices“回声设备”，用 A 项 detect“侦查”最合适，表明用回声设备来“侦查”敌人的潜艇。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.knowledge B.debateC.mourningD.reception解析：解析：上文提到鲸鱼死亡，此处要表达“公众对鲸鱼死亡原因的最终让人们怀疑鲸鱼的不幸与海洋噪音之间有一定联系”，故填入 A 项 knowledge“认知”，表示公众的认知。
28、(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.reduceB.removeC.avertD.strengthen 解析：解析：上文提到海军用回声设备监测潜艇，这会造成大量的噪音，人们怀疑鲸鱼死亡与此相关，因此，这种怀疑会因鲸鱼死亡进一步“加剧”，故填入 D 项 strengthen“加强”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.resistB.escape C.silenceD.stop解析：解析：上文提到鲸鱼搁浅，空格后的“海洋深处的咆哮”指的就是噪音。鲸鱼搁浅是“逃避”噪音，故选 B 项 escape“逃离”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.deepB.awayC.ashore D.aboa
29、rd解析：解析：空格前提到“海洋噪音使得鲸鱼冲到海洋表面”，此处的 in some cases 提示是一些更极端的情况。即首段的“鲸鱼搁浅”。故选 C 项 ashore“上岸”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.noB.greatC.considerableD.little 解析：解析：空格后的条件状语“不断发展的工业化和军事化”表明环保人士取得的成功不大，success是不可数名词故填入 D 项 little。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.filed B.quittedC.signedD.defended解析：解析：suits 与 waged letter-writing cam
30、paigns 并列，表示环保人士在“取得很小成功”情况下采取的行动推断此处表示“提起诉讼”，故选 A 项 filed“提出(申请等)”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.incorporatingB.including C.comprisingD.containing解析：解析：空格后半句为前面 campaigns 的具体内容之一，including“包含”起着列举的作用，故选B。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.reportB.completeC.drop D.improve解析：解析：既然公众认为噪音对鲸鱼有害，那么就会要求海军放弃这种测试，故选择 C 项 drop“放弃”
31、。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.remainB.varyC.increaseD.decrease 解析：解析：空格后的目的状语 to protect(保护耳朵不受吵闹噪音的伤害)表明鲸鱼要“降低”听觉的敏感性才可达到。故选择 D 项 decrease“降低”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.debate B.agreementC.relationshipD.definition解析：解析：上文提到“公众认为噪音对鲸鱼有害，并要求海军放弃这种测试”，而本段提到的新发现则说“鲸鱼能降低听觉的敏感性保护耳朵”。这两种不同的观点肯定会造成争论，故选 A 项 debate“争论”。
32、(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.efficientB.effective C.satisfactoryD.acceptable解析：解析：此处应表达 Michael 希望研究结果能证明鲸鱼可以保护自己的听觉不受噪音威胁，故选 B项 effective“有效的”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.denouncedB.acceptedC.characterized D.justified解析：解析：上一段提及“Michael 希望新研究有效”，此处 But 转折，应是说明他的看法，故选 C 项。characterizeas意为“认为是”，与上一段的 hope 呼应。(16).【
33、C16】（分数：2.00）A.demandB.contextC.actionD.progress 解析：解析：空格后的定语从句 thatquestions(它提出了许多尚未解答的问题)表示这项工作是“进行中”。故选 D 项 progress。下一段说“还有很多工作要做”可进一步印证。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.to be doingB.doneC.to doD.to be done 解析：解析：need 后可接不定式或动名词，主语 work 和动作 do 之间是被动关系，可填入动名词 doing或不定式的被动语态 to be done，故选 D。(18).【C18】（分数：2.0
34、0）A.Even if B.If onlyC.Despite thatD.Now that解析：解析：前半句“鲸鱼能降低听觉的敏感性”与后半句“这也是很小的一部分”存在转折让步的关系，再结合此处的虚拟语气 could learn to可知本题应选 A 项 Even if“即使”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.exposeB.identifyC.address D.raise解析：解析：空格处的动词与后面 problem 构成动宾搭配，如果鲸鱼能降低听觉敏感性，就可以解决问题了，故用 C 项 address“(设法)解决”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.trueB.use
35、lessC.limited D.risky解析：解析：后文的 silver bullet 字面意思是“银色子弹”，指“良方”。空格处应与 silver bullet语义相反。故填入 C 项 limited“有限的”。When shopkeepers want to lure customers into buying a particular product, they typically offer it at a discount. According to a new study to be published in the Journal of Marketing, they are【
36、C1】_a trick. A team of researchers, led by Akshay Rao of University of Minnesota, looked at consumers“【C2】_to discounting. Shoppers, they found, much prefer getting something extra free to getting something cheaper. The main reason is that most people are【C3】_at fractions. Consumers often struggle t
37、o realise,【C4】_, that a 50% increase in【C5】_is the same as a 33% discount in price. They【C6】_assume the former is better value. In an experiment, the researchers sold 73% more hand lotion when it was offered in a【C7】_pack than when it carried an equivalent discount. This numerical blind【C8】_remains
38、even when the deal【C9】_favours the discounted product In another experiment, this time on his undergraduates, Mr. Rao offered two deals on loose coffee beans: 33% extra free or 33%【C10】_the price. The discount is【C11】_the better proposition, but the experiment shows the supposedly clever students vi
39、ewed them as【C12】_. Marketing types can draw lessons【C13】_just pricing, says Mr. Rao. When advertising a new car“s efficiency, for example, it is more【C14】_to talk about the number of extra miles per gallon it does,【C15】_the equivalent percentage fall in fuel【C16】_. There may be lessons for official
40、s who【C17】_prices too. Even well-educated shoppers are easily【C18】_. Sending everyone back to school for maths seems out of the question.【C19】_more prominently displayed unit prices in shops and advertisements would be a great【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.playingB.missing C.workingD.wasting解析：
41、解析：上文提到店主会打折吸引顾客，下一段提及研究表示顾客更喜欢赠品，空格后的 trick 指“诀窍”，由此可推断本句应表达店主失算的意思，故选 B 项 missing“错过”正确。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.resistanceB.dispositionC.attitudes D.tendencies解析：解析：后一句说到研究团队得出的结论此处应表达消费者如何对待打折，故填入 C 项attitudes“态度”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.quickB.skillfulC.dumbD.weak 解析：解析：由第 4 段可知打折实际上是更省钱的，但人们不爱打折爱赠品，此处说明原
42、因。空格后的fractions 本指“分数”，这里引申为算术，故填入 D 项 weak“弱的”，指大部分人不擅长数学。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.for example B.as a resultC.in particularD.by contrast解析：解析：上文提及与 fractions 有关的主要原因，本段用具体的事例说明，提及 50%，33，73等多个数据。因此此处是支持上一向观点的具体例子，故 A 项 for example 符合语义。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.weightB.quantity C.volumeD.size解析：解析：前文说到赠品，也就是消费者
43、拿到的东西更多，因此本句是将购买商品时的“加量”优惠和“折价”优惠进行对比，故 B 项 quantity 正确。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.hesitantlyB.implicitlyC.immediatelyD.overwhelmingly 解析：解析：此处需填入副词，表明消费者对赠品的肯定态度，D 项 overwhelmingly“压倒性地”语气最强，符合语义要求。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.bonus B.bubbleC.singleD.big解析：解析：上文对比的是“折扣”与“赠品”，than 后提到 discount(折扣)，因此推断 in apack应表赠品，A
44、 项 bonus 可指购物时额外的赠品，符合要求。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pointB.trackC.spot D.trace解析：解析：由下一句的实验可知，人们数学上的这种“盲点”仍然存在，此处要表达数字“盲点”之意，用 blind spot 表达，故选 C。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.partiallyB.brightlyC.vividlyD.clearly 解析：解析：本句句意为：即使交易有利于打折产品，数字盲点仍然存在。even when 表明这种情况是明显的。故选 D 项 clearly 正确。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.aboveB.off C
45、.ofD.on解析：解析：33 extra free 是赠品，那么此空就是要表达价格折扣之意，因此用 B 项 off，33off指 67 折。其他三项都不能指折扣，均排除。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.in allB.at bestC.by far D.for all解析：解析：选项中只有 C 项 by far“很大程度上”可以放在比较级前面作程度副词。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.bargainB.equivalent C.distinctionD.conspiracy解析：解析：空格前提及“多送 33或价格降低 33，后者更划算”，但本句的转折词 but 提示，即使
46、聪明的学生也没搞清楚哪个划算。再根据多送的和降低的数字都是 33，可推断学生认为两者是一样的。故选 B 项 equivalent“对等物”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.beyond B.fromC.inD.on解析：解析：空格后的 pricing(定价)属于营销策略的一种。上文的折扣与定价相关，下文提到广告宣传新车能效(efficiency)的营销策略，故此处应表达“不只是从定价中吸取教训”，故选择 A 项beyond“超出”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.professionalB.accurateC.convincing D.difficult解析：解析：本句具体
47、举例说明如何宣传新车的能效，空格后对两种不同的方法进行了比较，前者是每加仑汽油多跑的公里数(赠品)，后者是降低的燃油消耗百分比(折扣)，由上文可知“赠品”更有说服力。故选 C 项 convincing“令人信服的”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.other thanB.more thanC.rather than D.better than解析：解析：此处比较两种不同的宣传方式，C 项 rather than 意为“而不”，表比较，故正确。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.pricesB.consumption C.supplyD.charges解析：解析：前半句说到每加仑油可以多跑多少公里，因此这里与燃油消耗有关，故 B 项consumption“消耗”正确。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.regulate B.promoteC.reduceD.formulate解析：解析：空格为定语从句中的谓语部分，从句的主语 who 指代 officials(官员)，选项中符合官员身份的行为是 A 项 regulate“调节”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.persuadedB.distractedC.foxed D.impressed
