1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 82 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Despite the scandals over leaked e-mails, the scientific evidence for global wa
2、rming remains strong. The question, then, is to what extent have the controversies【C1】_the public“s trust in climate science or, worse, in the scientists themselves. There has【C2】_been some decline.【C3】_, a closer look at the data across multiple polls shows that,broadly speaking, the public trusts
3、scientists, believes in global warming and wants governments to do something about it. The public seems to have done what the mainstream media could not: it has kept the scandals in【C4】_. The harsh verbal attacks on climate science and scientists are【C5】_coming from a relative 【C6】_of critics, and t
4、hey do not reflect a【C7】_revival of skepticism. Yet few climate scientists are likely to take【C8】_in this news. For them, the real【C9】_of public trust is the level of political【C10】_on global warming: if people truly believe the science, then why have so few of them【C11】_action of their governments.
5、 The problem is that people assess information from any number of 【C12】_, not just scientists. And people make decisions on the basis of【C13】_and their own hopes, fears and values, which will not necessarily【C14】_what many researchers deem self-evident. The scientific community must【C15】_that the is
6、sues surrounding climate change can produce responses in the public and politicians on many different levels.【C16】_do matter. Scientists must continue to【C17】_the public in plain language,【C18】_out the evidence for climate change in a clear and compelling way. And they must provide policy-makers wit
7、h accurate, credible and timely information. Scientists will be only as persuasive【C19】_they are trusted, which means that【C20】_the public“s trust must be the scientific community“ s top priority.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.betrayedB.acquiredC.erodedD.restored(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.unbelievablyB.undoub
8、tedlyC.indispensablyD.unexpectedly(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.AnywayC.SimilarlyD.Instead(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.evidenceB.operationC.sequenceD.perspective(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.particularlyB.actuallyC.approximatelyD.ultimately(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.handfulB.clusterC.multitudeD.variety(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.moderateB
9、.gradualC.partialD.broader(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.noticeB.advantageC.satisfactionD.sympathy(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.powerB.measureC.conceptD.failure(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.agreementB.engagementC.judgmentD.improvement(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.followedB.inhibitedC.demandedD.launched(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.sourcesB.possibil
10、itiesC.standpointsD.criteria(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.self-interestB.self-esteemC.self-disciplineD.self-defense(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.embodyB.correspondC.matchD.mingle(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.recognizeC.determineD.indicate(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.ThoughtsB.PerceptionsC.FactsD.Abilities(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A
11、.engageB.involveC.assistD.inspire(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.sendingB.workingC.makingD.laying(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.tillC.asD.unless(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.cultivatingB.rearingC.aggravatingD.motivatingMost people who travel long distance complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive
12、and more prone【C1】_making mistakes. It is actually caused by【C2】_of your“body clock“a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological【C3】_. The body clock is designed for a【C4】_ rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it【C5】_daylight and darkness
13、 at the “wrong“ times in a new time zone. The【C6】_of jetlag often persist for days【C7】_the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is【C8】_that is based on proven【C9】_pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore Ede had【C10】_a practical strategy to ad
14、just the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 【C11】_controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates【C12】_of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either【C13】_or avoid bright light. Exposure to
15、 light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule【C14】_light exposure depends a great deal on【C15】_travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual“s sleep【C16】_are used to produce a Trip Guide with【C17】_on exactly when to be exposed to bright light. Wh
16、en the Trip Guide calls【C18】_bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, 【C19】_you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light【C20】_ for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working
17、.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.fromB.ofC.forD.to(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.eruptionB.disruptionC.ruptureD.corruption(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.actionsB.functionsC.behaviorD.reflection(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.formalB.continualC.regularD.circular(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.experiencesB.possessesC.encountersD.retains(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）
18、A.signsB.defectsC.diseasesD.symptoms(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ifB.whereasC.whileD.although(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.agreeableB.availableC.adaptableD.approachable(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.extensiveB.tentativeC.broadD.inclusive(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.devisedB.scrutinizedC.visualizedD.recognized(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.inB.asC.at
19、D.through(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.moreB.littleC.mostD.least(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.shedB.retrieveC.seekD.attain(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.inB.forC.onD.with(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.specificB.complicatedC.uniqueD.peculiar(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.modeB.styleC.normD.pattern(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.directoriesB.commentariesC.ins
20、tructionsD.specifications(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.upB.offC.onD.for(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.orB.butC.andD.while(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.spurB.stimulusC.agitationD.acceleration考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 82 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.
21、 Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Despite the scandals over leaked e-mails, the scientific evidence for global warming remains strong. The question, then, is to what extent have the controversies【C1】_the public“s trust in climate science or, worse,
22、in the scientists themselves. There has【C2】_been some decline.【C3】_, a closer look at the data across multiple polls shows that,broadly speaking, the public trusts scientists, believes in global warming and wants governments to do something about it. The public seems to have done what the mainstream
23、 media could not: it has kept the scandals in【C4】_. The harsh verbal attacks on climate science and scientists are【C5】_coming from a relative 【C6】_of critics, and they do not reflect a【C7】_revival of skepticism. Yet few climate scientists are likely to take【C8】_in this news. For them, the real【C9】_o
24、f public trust is the level of political【C10】_on global warming: if people truly believe the science, then why have so few of them【C11】_action of their governments. The problem is that people assess information from any number of 【C12】_, not just scientists. And people make decisions on the basis of
25、【C13】_and their own hopes, fears and values, which will not necessarily【C14】_what many researchers deem self-evident. The scientific community must【C15】_that the issues surrounding climate change can produce responses in the public and politicians on many different levels.【C16】_do matter. Scientists
26、 must continue to【C17】_the public in plain language,【C18】_out the evidence for climate change in a clear and compelling way. And they must provide policy-makers with accurate, credible and timely information. Scientists will be only as persuasive【C19】_they are trusted, which means that【C20】_the publ
27、ic“s trust must be the scientific community“ s top priority.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.betrayedB.acquiredC.eroded D.restored解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，空格处填入的动词意在说明“丑闻引起的有关全球变暖的争论”对“公众对气象科学的信任”的影响。第一段首句提到“电子邮件泄露丑闻”，第二段首句提到“信任度”下降，据此可以推出这一影响是消极的。因此排除 acquired“获得，得到”与 restored “恢复，修复”。betrayed“(无意)泄露，辜负”，句子
28、主语为 controversies，故取其第一个含义，表示“争论无意中泄露了公众的信任”，不符合题意。C.eroded“损害，削弱”，代入文中，表示”争论削弱了公众对气象科学的信任”，符合文意，故正确答案为 C。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.unbelievablyB.undoubtedly C.indispensablyD.unexpectedly解析：解析：考查上下文语义及副词辨析。本句承接上文，指出：_，信任度会有所下降。Bundoubtedly “毫无疑问地”，代入句中，表示丑闻必然会导致信任度下降，符合文意，为正确答案。unbelievably“难以置信地”；indispen
29、sably“不可或缺地”，强调人或事物的重要性；unexpectedly“出乎意料地”，均不符合文意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.However B.AnywayC.SimilarlyD.Instead解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前指出：丑闻导致信任度有所下降。空格后指出：民意调查显示公众信任科学家。两句之间存在转折关系，因此选择 AHowever。Anyway“无论如何”，表让步；Similarly“同样地”，表比较；Instead“反而”，表替代，均不符合题意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.evidenceB.operationC.sequenceD.perspecti
30、ve 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。空格处所在句子意为：公众似乎做到了主流媒体所不能做到的一点：他们_这些丑闻。“keep sthin perspective”为固定搭配，意为“正确看待某事”，符合文意。in evidence“显然，显而易见”；in operation“工作中，有效”；in sequence“按顺序，依次”，均不符合题意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.particularlyB.actually C.approximatelyD.ultimately解析：解析：考查副词辨析。空格处所在句子和上一句一致，仍然在对“公众大体上仍然信任科学家”进行解释。此处句意为：那些针对气象
31、科学和科学家的尖锐言辞攻击_来自相对_的批评者。Bactually“事实上，实际上”，代入句中，强调事实，对空格前一句也做出了解释。故正确答案为B。particularly“特别，尤其”；approximately“大概，近乎”；ultimately“最终，根本上”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.handful B.clusterC.multitudeD.variety解析：解析：考查词组辨析。由上文可知，公众大体上相信气候科学，因此批评者应该不占多数。A handful of 意为“少数的，少量的”，符合文意，故答案 Ahandful。a cluster of“一团，一
32、群”；a multitude of“许多，大量”；a variety of“多种多样的”，均不符合题意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.moderateB.gradualC.partialD.broader 解析：解析：考查语义理解及形容词辨析。空格处所在句子前半句阐述：那些针对气象科学和科学家的尖锐言辞攻击实际上来自相对少数的批评者，因此“它们不能表明怀疑主义的复兴是广泛的”。故答案为 Dbroader“更广泛的”。moderate“适度的，合理的”；gradual“逐渐的，逐步的”；partial“部分的，不完全的”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.noticeB
33、.advantageC.satisfaction D.sympathy解析：解析：考查名词辨析。上句阐述：气象科学没有遭到广泛的批评与怀疑。本句转折指出：然而很少有气象科学家可能从此消息中得到_。Csatisfaction 代入文中，意为“气象科学家对此消息并不感到满意”，符合文意，因此答案为 C。notice，advantage 与 take 搭配时，均要后接 of 构成固定词组，不符合空格处结构要求，故排除；sympathy“同情”，不符合文意，故排除。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.powerB.measure C.conceptD.failure解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所
34、在句意为：对他们来说，公众信任的真正_在于其对全球变暖的政治_水平。根据语境可知，此处谈论的不是公众信任的权利(power)、观念(concept)、失败(failure)，而是科学家心中的公众信任的衡量标准(measure)，故答案选 Bmeasure。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.agreementB.engagement C.judgmentD.improvement解析：解析：考查上下文语义及名词辨析。空格处所在句子的大意为：科学家心中公众信任的真正衡量标准在于其对全球变暖问题的政治_水平。冒号后接着阐述：如果人们真的相信科学，他们就会一政府采取行动。公众积极督促政府采取行
35、动属于“政治参与(engagement)”，而非政治协议(agreement)、判断力(judgment)和改进(improvement)。故答案为 Bengagement。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.followedB.inhibitedC.demanded D.launched解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：公众_政府对全球变暖问题采取行动。Cdemanded “强烈要求”，符合文意，为正确答案。followed“跟随，听从”；inhibited“阻止，使拘束”；launched“发动，发射”，均不符合题意。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.sources
36、 B.possibilitiesC.standpointsD.criteria解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句意为：公众不仅仅只是通过科学家这一个_来评估信息。根据语境可知，科学家是公众获得信息的来源(sources)之一，而非可能性(possibilities)立场(standpoints)标准(criteria)之一，故答案为 Asources。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.self-interest B.self-esteemC.self-disciplineD.self-defense解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句意为：公众在_和自己的希望、恐惧和价值观的基础
37、上做决定。Aself-interest 意为“自身利益”，代入文中，表示“公众在做决定时对自身利益的考虑”，符合语境，故答案为 A。self-esteem“自尊”；self-discipline“自律”；self-defense“自卫”，均不符合题意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.embodyB.correspondC.match D.mingle解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：公众根据自身的利益、自己的希望、恐惧和价值观做决定，而这些与研究者认为显而易见的并不一定_。Cmatch“相配”，代入句中，表示“公众与气象科学家的利益与价值观不一致”，符合语境，故答案为 C。
38、embody“包含，体现”；correspond (towith)“相一致”，语法上不符合；reflect“反映”，均不符合题意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.recognize C.determineD.indicate解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：科学界必须_ ，有关气候变化的一系列问题会在公众和政治家中产生不同程度的反响。根据语境可知，科学界对它只能是“承认(recognize)”，而非确认(confirm)决定(determine)表明(indicate)，故答案为 Brecognize。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.Though
39、tsB.PerceptionsC.Facts D.Abilities解析：解析：考查上下文语义及名词辨析。空格处所在句意为：_的确很重要。下文接着阐述：科学家应该继续用平实的语言来_观众，将气候变化的证据以一种清楚明了和令人信服的方式出来。由此可见，气候变化的“事实”很重要。故答案为 CFacts“事实，真相”。其他三项 Thoughts“看法，思考”；Perceptions“洞察力”；Abilities“能力”，均未在下文涉及，不符合题意。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.engage B.involveC.assistD.inspire解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：科
40、学家应该继续用平实的语言来_观众，将气候变化的证据以一种清楚明了和令人信服的方式_出来。Aengage“吸引住”，符合句意，为正确答案。involve“包含，牵涉”；assist“援助，帮助”；inspire“激励，启发”，均不符合文意。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.sendingB.workingC.makingD.laying 解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。空格处所在句意为：科学家应该继续用平实的语言来吸引观众，将气候变化的证据以一种清楚明了和令人信服的方式_出来。lay out 意为“展示，安排”，代入句中，表示“展示证据”，符合文意，故正确答案为 Dlaying。send
41、out“分发，散发”；work out“计算出”：make out“分清，理解”，均不符合题意。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.tillC.as D.unless解析：解析：考查语法知识状语从句引导词。空格处需要填入连词引导状语从句。asas结构用于同等程度的比较，意为“像一样”，代入句中，表示“科学家的说服力只能与他们受信任的程度相当”，符合文意。故正确答案为 Cas。其他选项均不符合题意。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.cultivating B.rearingC.aggravatingD.motivating解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：这意
42、味着_公众信任是科学界的当务之急。Acultivating“培养”，符合文意，为正确答案。rear“抚养，养育”，对象一般是人；aggravate“使恶化，使严重”，语义不符；motivate“激励，激发”，对象一般是人，三项均不符合题意。Most people who travel long distance complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone【C1】_making mistakes. It is actually caused by【C2】_of your“bo
43、dy clock“a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological【C3】_. The body clock is designed for a【C4】_ rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it【C5】_daylight and darkness at the “wrong“ times in a new time zone. The【C6】_of jetlag often persist f
44、or days【C7】_the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is【C8】_that is based on proven【C9】_pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin Moore Ede had【C10】_a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone 【C11】_controlled expos
45、ure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates【C12】_of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either【C13】_or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedul
46、e【C14】_light exposure depends a great deal on【C15】_travel plans. Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individual“s sleep【C16】_are used to produce a Trip Guide with【C17】_on exactly when to be exposed to bright light. When the Trip Guide calls【C18】_bright light you should spend time outdoors if
47、 possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad, 【C19】_you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light【C20】_ for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.fromB.ofC.forD.to 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。be prone to(do)sth意为“有的倾向，易于”，符合题意，因此Dto 为正确答案。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.eruptionB.disruption C.ruptureD.corruption解析：解析：考查名词辨析。原句意为“这实际上是由你体内生物钟紊乱造成的”。Bdisruption意为“破坏”，符合句意，为正确答案。eruption 的意思是
