1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 81 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th centur
2、y and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened【C1】_As was discussed before, it was not【C2】_the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【C3】_, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【C4】_of the periodical. It was d
3、uring the same time that the communications revolution【C5】_up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading【C6】_through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【C7】_ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in【C8】_. It is importan
4、t to do so. It is generally recognized,【C9】_, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,【C10】_by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【C11】_its impact on the media was not immediately【C12】_. As time went by, computers became sm
5、aller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as【C13】_, with display becoming sharper and storage【C14】_increasing. They were thought of, like people,【C15】_generations, with the distance between generations much【C16】_ . It was within the computer age that the term “information soci
6、ety“ began to be widely used to describe the【C17】_ within which we now live. The communications revolution has【C18】_both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been【C19】_views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ ha
7、ve been weighed【C20】_“harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.later(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.afterB.byC.duringD.until(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measure(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.processB.companyC.lightD.form(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.
8、gatheredB.speededC.workedD.picked(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.onB.outC.overD.off(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.forC.beyondD.into(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.indeedB.henceC.howeverD.therefore(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.broughtB.followedC.stimulatedD.characterized(11).【C11】（分数：2
9、.00）A.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.although(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausible(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.institutionalB.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumental(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.faculty(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.by means ofB.in terms ofC.with regard toD.in line wi
10、th(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.deeperB.fewerC.nearerD.smaller(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.contextB.rangeC.scopeD.territory(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effected(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.competitiveB.controversialC.distractingD.irrational(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.aboveB.uponC.againstD.withA person“s ho
11、me is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on personality, most have in mind a(n) “【C1】_home“. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical【C2】_of cash and
12、location on achieving that idea. Cash【C3】_, in fact, often means that the only way of 【C4】_when you leave school is to stay at home for a while until things 【C5】_financially. There are obvious【C6】_of living at homepersonal laundry is usually【C7】_done along with the family wash; meals are provided an
13、d there will be a well-established circle of friends to【C8】_. And there is【C9】_the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the other hand, 【C10】_depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family【C11】_do you like them? Are you prepared to be【C12】_ wh
14、en your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) 【C13】_, and that you finally have the money to leave, how do you【C14】_finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are【C15】_
15、well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always a good【C16】_of information. If you are going to work in a【C17】_area, again there are the papersand the accommodation agencies,【C18】_these should be approached with caution. Agencies are allowed to【C19】_a fee, usually the【C20】_of the f
16、irst week“s rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.idealB.privateC.imaginaryD.satisfactory(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.deficienciesB.weaknessesC.insufficienciesD.limitations(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.cutB.shortageC.lackD.drain(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.carrying onB.cleaning upC.b
17、reaking upD.getting along(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.improveB.enhanceC.developD.proceed(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.concernsB.issuesC.advantagesD.problems(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.stillB.alwaysC.habituallyD.consequently(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.call inB.call overC.call uponD.call out(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.alwaysB.rarelyC.littleD.someti
18、mes(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.enoughC.manyD.much(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.andB.butC.stillD.or(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.tolerantB.hostileC.indifferentD.comprehensive(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.agreementB.consensusC.compromiseD.deal(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.go aboutB.go overC.go in forD.go through(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.sel
19、domB.lessC.probablyD.certainly(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.guidanceB.sourceC.exchangeD.record(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.familiarB.coldC.humidD.new(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.whileC.sinceD.as(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.expendB.offerC.chargeD.cost(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.sameB.equivalentC.equalD.similarity考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 81 答案
20、解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusi
21、on of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened【C1】_As was discussed before, it was not【C2】_the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic【C3】_, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the【C4】_of the periodical. It was during the same ti
22、me that the communications revolution【C5】_up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading【C6】_through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures【C7】_ the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in【C8】_. It is important to do so. It is
23、 generally recognized,【C9】_, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,【C10】_by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,【C11】_its impact on the media was not immediately【C12】_. As time went by, computers became smaller and more po
24、werful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as【C13】_, with display becoming sharper and storage【C14】_increasing. They were thought of, like people,【C15】_generations, with the distance between generations much【C16】_ . It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be
25、widely used to describe the【C17】_ within which we now live. The communications revolution has【C18】_both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been【C19】_views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weighed【C
26、20】_“harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.between B.beforeC.sinceD.later解析：解析：空格前一句提及两个时间段：20 世纪和 15、16 世纪，四个选项均为时间副词。符合语义逻辑且能体现上句提到的两个时间段的关系的只有 A 项 between“当中，中间”，此句意为“在这两个时间段之间发生了很多事”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.afterB.byC.duringD.until 解析：解析：这里是一个强调句，强调
27、部分为时间状语。空格前的否定词 not 决定了此处只能填入 D 项until，构成 not until 强调句式：it was not untilthat,表示“直到才”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.meansB.methodC.medium D.measure解析：解析：空格后提及的 pamphlet“小册子“book“书籍”，periodical“杂志”与报纸属于同一类事物，空格处填入的词须概括它们的共同特点，四个选项中只有 medium“媒介”符合要求。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.processB.company C.lightD.form解析：解析：in the w
28、ake of the pamphlet and the book“继小册子和书籍之后”和 in the_ of the periodical 是并列结构，in the wake of 表示“尾随”，四个选项中只有 B 项 company 代入文中合乎语义逻辑，in the company of 表示“在陪同下，和一起，偕同”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.gatheredB.speeded C.workedD.picked解析：解析：空格后提到的交通、铁路，到电报、电话、收音机、电影，再到汽车、飞机，表明此处应该是描述通信革命的发展，且由 beginning with，and lead
29、ing on throughinto等一连串紧凑的字眼，可猜测此处所说的发展应该十分迅速，speed up“加快速度”符合语境，故本题选 B。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.on B.outC.overD.off解析：解析：从 beginning with 到最后的 20th-century world，中间阶段应该表示发展的含义，选项中只有副词 on 可以表示“继续，向前”的含义，与 lead 构成“继续发展”之意，故选 A。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.forC.beyondD.into 解析：解析：此处填入介词，与前面的 begin with“开始”和 leadth
30、rough“进而”一起描述通信革命发展的过程四个选项只有 into 符合要求，与 leading 相呼应，表示“进入 20 世纪的汽车和飞机时代”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective 解析：解析：本题的难点在于理解 perspective：该词在此处不表示“看法”，而是表示“正确认识”，in perspective 意为“正确地，合理地”，代入此空，表示“不是所有人都能正确地认识这个发展过程”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.indeedB.henceC.however D.therefore解析：解析：上
31、文的 Not everyone sees“不是所有人都认识到”和本句的 It is generaUy recognized“大家普遍承认”之间是一种转折关系，故 C 项 however“然而，但是”符合题意。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.broughtB.followed C.stimulatedD.characterized解析：解析：上文提到计算机在 20 世纪早期问世，本说说集成电路在 20 世纪 60 年代发明，从时间状语可知计算机问世在前，集成电路发明在后，follow 可表示“跟随，接着”，符合此处语义理解，故本题选 B 项 followed。(11).【C11】（分数
32、：2.00）A.unlessB.sinceC.lestD.although 解析：解析：此处前半句讲计算机的出现从根本上改变了这一进程，后半句讲计算机对媒介的影响不是马上的，前后存在转折让步关系，故选 D 项 although“尽管，虽然”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.apparent B.desirableC.negativeD.plausible解析：解析：联系上下文，计算机的出现从根本上改变了通信革命的进程，它对于媒介的影响当时并没有立刻_。空格处需填入形容词，说明计算机对媒介影响的特点，apparent“显而易见的”合乎语义要求。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.
33、institutional B.universalC.fundamentalD.instrumental解析：解析：as well as“不仅而且，也，和”表明空格里的词与 personal“个人的”是一种对应关系。institutional“社会公共机构的”能构成这种对应关系，故选 A。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacity D.faculty解析：解析：文中要表达的是计算机的储存容量，能与 storage 连用表示这一概念的只有 C 项capacity“容量”，表示非生命物体容纳某事物的能力。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00
34、）A.by means ofB.in terms of C.with regard toD.in line with解析：解析：like people 表明此处将计算机和人类进行类比，空格处填入的介词短语与 generations 搭配，generation 既可以表示“（人的）一代，一辈”，也可以指“（机械设备的设计和制造的代”，此处应该要表达的是“电脑像人一样用代来划分”。能引出 generations 这个划分依据只有 B 项 in terms of“根据”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.deeperB.fewerC.nearerD.smaller 解析：解析：这里是“wit
35、h+宾语(distance)+形容词”结构，填入该空的形容词作宾补，对 distance 起补充说明的作用。此处的 distance 指的是距离，四个选项能描述“距离”的只有 small，故本题答案为D 项 smaller。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.context B.rangeC.scopeD.territory解析：解析：空格处是下文定语从句 within which we now live 的先行词，同时可用 information society 这个词描述。符合要求且能达意的只有 A 项 context“环境”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.regarde
36、dB.impressedC.influenced D.effected解析：解析：上文主要讲述了计算机作为媒介所带来的变化；这里则延伸到了通信革命。有变革，就必然带来影响，故选 C 项 influence“影响”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.competitiveB.controversial C.distractingD.irrational解析：解析：转折词 but 表明此处应为否定或负面的看法；后文两个加引号的词 benefits 和 harmful 进一步印证了这种看法应该是褒贬不一的，故选择 B 项 controversial“有争议的”。(20).【C20】（分数：2
37、.00）A.aboveB.uponC.against D.with解析：解析：空格前后的“Benefits”和“harmful”outcomes 是相反意义的概念，能体现这一含义的只有介词 against，表示“对比，相反”，weigh sthagainst sth意为“权衡与”。A person“s home is as much a reflection of his personality as the clothes he wears, the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time. Depending on
38、 personality, most have in mind a(n) “【C1】_home“. But in general, and especially for the student or new wage earners, there are practical【C2】_of cash and location on achieving that idea. Cash【C3】_, in fact, often means that the only way of 【C4】_when you leave school is to stay at home for a while un
39、til things 【C5】_financially. There are obvious【C6】_of living at homepersonal laundry is usually【C7】_done along with the family wash; meals are provided and there will be a well-established circle of friends to【C8】_. And there is【C9】_the responsibility for paying bills, rates, etc. On the other hand,
40、 【C10】_depends on how a family gets on. Do your parents like your friends? You may love your family【C11】_do you like them? Are you prepared to be【C12】_ when your parents ask where you are going in the evening and what time you expect to be back? If you find that you cannot manage a(n) 【C13】_, and th
41、at you finally have the money to leave, how do you【C14】_finding somewhere else to live? If you plan to stay in your home area, the possibilities are【C15】_well-known to you already. Friends and the local paper are always a good【C16】_of information. If you are going to work in a【C17】_area, again there
42、 are the papersand the accommodation agencies,【C18】_these should be approached with caution. Agencies are allowed to【C19】_a fee, usually the【C20】_of the first week“s rent, if you take accommodation they have found for you.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.ideal B.privateC.imaginaryD.satisfactory解析：解析：上一句
43、提到“家反映出一个人的个性”，因此推断个性不同的人，在心里对家的需求不一样，即“理想不一样”；A 项 ideal“理想的”强调一个人所能想象的最好的、最佳的情况，符合文意，代入此空意为“基于个性差异，大多数人心目中都有一个理想的家”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.deficienciesB.weaknessesC.insufficienciesD.limitations 解析：解析：四个选项中，只有 D 项 limitations“限制”可同时和 cash 以及 location 搭配，表示“钱财和地理位置方面的限制”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.cutB.shortage
44、C.lackD.drain解析：解析：由下文的“离校后，唯一的办法只能是住在家里”。推断此处表示“缺钱”，cash shortage“缺钱”符合句意，故本题选 B。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.carrying onB.cleaning upC.breaking upD.getting along 解析：解析：根据下文的内容，可知本句大致是讲“离校后如何过生活”的问题。get along 表示“应付过去，勉强过活”，符合语义，故 D 为本题答案。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.improve B.enhanceC.developD.proceed解析：解析：结合选项，推断此处表示
45、“直到经济状况好转”，A 项 improve 表示“改善，变得更好”，符合句意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.concernsB.issuesC.advantages D.problems解析：解析：从下文的“衣服可以全家一起洗，饭菜有人提供”，可以看出这一句是讲“住在家里的好处”，因此选 C 项 advantages“益处，优势，有利条件”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.stillB.alwaysC.habitually D.consequently解析：解析：常识告诉我们，衣物不分彼此一起洗是家里常规的做法，故选 C 项 habitually“习惯地”。(8).【C8】（分
46、数：2.00）A.call inB.call overC.call upon D.call out解析：解析：此处意为“还有固定的朋友圈可以_”，空格填入“拜访”合乎逻辑，C 项 call upon“拜访”符合句意。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.alwaysB.rarely C.littleD.sometimes解析：解析：由 And 可知，这一句仍是讲住在家里的好处，因此推断此处大致表达“几乎没有什么支付费用的责任”的意思，B 项 rarely“很少”符合语义。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.enoughC.manyD.much 解析：解析：由下文的“你家人
47、喜欢你的朋友吗?”等涉及到家人对你私生活的影响这一类内容，可以推测“家人相处得如何是很重要的”，结合空格后的 depends 这个第三人称单数形式，much“很多方面”符合要求，故本题选 D。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.andB.but C.stillD.or解析：解析：此处意为“你可能爱你的家人，_你喜欢他们吗?”，前后意思存在转折，故选 B 项but。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.tolerant B.hostileC.indifferentD.comprehensive解析：解析：此处表示“准备如何应对父母的盘问”，所选的应是行为反应，四个选项中 tolerant“容忍的”的动作性最强，故选 A，代入文中意为“你准备好了容忍你父母盘问你晚上去哪以及什么时候回来吗”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.agreementB.consensusC.compromise D.deal解析：解析：四个选项都有“协商一致”的意思，但具体到家庭成员中，更多的是彼此作出妥协，故应选C 项 compromise“妥协，让步”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.go about
