1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 77 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are usin
2、g【C1】_therapies, even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans【C2】_awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or【C3】_an pill, hoping it will make them sleepy. 【C4】_experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea, and the causes of chronic insomnia remain【C5】
3、_. Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping, and about 10 percent have【C6】_of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But【C7】_ the complaints, scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia, its health consequences and how best to treat it, a panel of specialists【
4、C8】_together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called【C9】_ a broad range of research into insomnia,【C10】_that if scientists understood its【C11】_causes, they could develop better treatments. Most, but not all, insomnia is thought to【C12】_other health problems, from a
5、rthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in【C13】_complicates those other problems. Other diseases【C14】_ , the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more【C15】
6、_among women, especially after their 50s. Smoking, caffeine and numerous【C16】_drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research, some【C17】_to specific disorders and others【C18】_ the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep.
7、 The agency was【C19】_the pane“ s review before deciding what additional work should be【C20】_at insomnia.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.unprovenB.unknownC.improperD.imperative(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.fallB.lieC.seemD.become(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.prescribeB.popC.abuseD.experiment(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.ThoughC.Th
8、usD.But(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.peculiarB.anonymousC.mysteriousD.unexpected(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.signalsB.symptomsC.signsD.symbols(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.in addition toB.except forC.owing toD.for all(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pulledB.collectedC.broughtD.drawn(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.onB.forC.upD.in(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.notingB.
9、notifyingC.nosingD.nominating(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.undertakingB.underliningC.underlyingD.undermining(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.causeB.accompanyC.followD.attend(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.shortB.caseC.essenceD.turn(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.insideB.outsideC.asideD.besides(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.commonB.popularC.frequentD.r
10、egular(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.conscriptionB.descriptionC.subscriptionD.prescription(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.aimedB.targetedC.designatedD.designed(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.examiningB.inspectingC.verifyingD.assessing(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.conductingB.awaitingC.receivingD.considering(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.assignedB.ch
11、argedC.directedD.attendedAs the baby-boomer generation contemplates the prospect of the Zimmer frame there has never been more interest in delaying the process of ageing. One consequence has been a(n) 【C1】_rise in the popularity of brain-training games. But how【C2】_ really is a daily dose of cryptic
12、 crossword? Robert Wilson, a neuropsychologist at Rush University in Chicago, and his colleagues decided to【C3】_out, 【C4】_following a group of people without dementia. Participants were asked to【C5】_ how frequently they engaged in cognitively【C6】_activities. The researchers were looking for such thi
13、ngs as reading newspapers, books and magazines,【C7】_ challenging games like chess, listening to the radio and watching television, and【C8】_museums. The good news, as they report in Neurology, is that 【C9】_ activity of this sort seems to slow the rate of 【C10】_decline in those without cognitive【C11】_
14、 . The bad news is that in those who do then develop Alzheimer“ s disease it is associated with a more rapid【C12】_decline. What seems to be happening is that cognitive stimulation helps 【C13】_the effect of the neurodegenerative lesions associated with dementia. It does not, 【C14】_, make them go away
15、. They continue to【C15】_ , so that when the disease does eventually take【C16】_ there are more of them around than there otherwise would be, which results in a more 【C17】_cognitive fall off. That is not a message of despair, 【C18】_, because the length of time someone suffers from dementia is thus【C19
16、】_and their healthy life prolonged. So the message is,【C20】_on with the crosswords.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.tinyB.smallC.dramaticD.enormous(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.effectiveB.affectiveC.efficientD.constructive(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.checkB.figureC.findD.pick(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.withB.byC.inD.as(5).【C5】（分数：2.
17、00）A.rateB.anticipateC.declareD.assert(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sustainingB.transformingC.recedingD.stimulating(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.settingB.playingC.arrangingD.making(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.watchingB.viewingC.sightseeingD.visiting(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.casualB.successiveC.frequentD.continuous(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.men
18、talB.physicalC.spiritualD.energetic(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.obstacleB.inclinationC.limitationD.impairment(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.consecutiveB.subsequentC.conservativeD.subservient(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.meetB.encounterC.overcomeD.conduct(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.moreoverC.indeedD.however(15).【C15】（分数：2.
19、00）A.amassB.accumulateC.collectD.gather(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.holdB.careC.chargeD.up(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.slightB.mildC.abundantD.rapid(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.thoughC.unlessD.if(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.reducedB.degradedC.declinedD.increased(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.letB.putC.workD.carry考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 77 答案解析
20、(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using【C1】_therapies, ev
21、en while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans【C2】_awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or【C3】_an pill, hoping it will make them sleepy. 【C4】_experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea, and the causes of chronic insomnia remain【C5】_. Almost a third o
22、f adults have trouble sleeping, and about 10 percent have【C6】_of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But【C7】_ the complaints, scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia, its health consequences and how best to treat it, a panel of specialists【C8】_together by the
23、 National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called【C9】_ a broad range of research into insomnia,【C10】_that if scientists understood its【C11】_causes, they could develop better treatments. Most, but not all, insomnia is thought to【C12】_other health problems, from arthritis and depres
24、sion to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in【C13】_complicates those other problems. Other diseases【C14】_ , the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more【C15】_among women, espec
25、ially after their 50s. Smoking, caffeine and numerous【C16】_drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research, some【C17】_to specific disorders and others【C18】_ the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was【C19
26、】_the pane“ s review before deciding what additional work should be【C20】_at insomnia.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.unproven B.unknownC.improperD.imperative解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此空所在句子意为：太多人正使用_的治疗方法，尽管有些方法确实是有效的。根据句意，此处应选 Aunproven“未经验证的”。unknown“未知的”：improper“不恰当的”；imperative“必要的，不可避免的”，均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2
27、.00）A.fallB.lie C.seemD.become解析：解析：考查动词辨析。联系上下文可推知，此处指“躺着睡觉”，故选 Blie“躺着”。fall“掉下，落下”；seem“似乎”；become“变为”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.prescribeB.pop C.abuseD.experiment解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处所选动词修饰药片，pop an pill 意为“吃药”。所以此处选Bpop“把突然(或迅速)地一放”。prescribe“规定”；abuse“滥用”；experiment“实验”，均不符合题意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.And
28、B.ThoughC.ThusD.But 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。前文说“上百万的美国人夜里睡不着觉，躺着数羔羊、喝杯烈酒或吞个药片，希望这会使他们产生困意”。后文指出“自作主张乱吃药并不是解决失眠的好方法”，可见前后是转折关系，故选 DBut“但是”。And“和”；Though“尽管”；Thus“因此”，均不符合题意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.peculiarB.anonymousC.mysterious D.unexpected解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此空所在句子意为：导致慢性失眠的原因目前还是_。根据句意，此处应选 Cmysterious“神秘的”。peculiar“奇特
29、的”；anonymous“匿名的”；unexpected“意外的”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.signalsB.symptoms C.signsD.symbols解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此空所在句子意为：大约 10的人有白天功能减退的_。symptoms“症状(多指医学方面)”，符合句意，故选 B。signals“信号”；signs“迹象”；symbols“符号”，均不符合题意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.in addition toB.except forC.owing toD.for all 解析：解析：考查短语辨析。此空所在句子意为：_抱怨很多，但科
30、学家们对长期失眠的原因、它对健康的影响以及如何有效地治疗都知之甚少。于是逻辑关系为让步，因此选 Dfor all“尽管虽然”。in addition to“此外”；except for“除之外”；owing to“由于”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pulledB.collectedC.brought D.drawn解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此空所在句子意为：一个由(美)全国卫生研究所_的专家小组在周三得出这样的结论。bring together 意为“使会面，召集”，符合语境，故选 Cbrought“带来”。pull“拉”；collect“收集”：drawn“绘画”，
31、均不符合题意。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.onB.for C.upD.in解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。call on 意为“拜访(某人)；叫；号召；要求”；call for 意为“去接(某人)；去取(某物)；需要；要求”；call up 意为“给打电话”；call in 意为“叫(某人)进来，来访”，比较四个短语，只有 call for 符合题意。因此 Bfor 为正确答案。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.noting B.notifyingC.nosingD.nominating解析：解析：考查动词辨析。前面提到“该专家小组呼吁对失眠症进行广泛研究”，联系上下文，需用动
32、词分词形式。故选 Anoting“指出”。notify“通知，布告”；nose“嗅出，闻出”；nominate“任命，挑选”，均不符合题意。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.undertakingB.underliningC.underlying D.undermining解析：解析：考查词语辨析。此空所在句子意为：指出如果科学家们了解了失眠的_原因，此处所选动词分词是用来形容 causes 的，故 Cunderlying“潜在的，含蓄的”符合题意。undertaking 为名词，意为“事业，企业，承诺”；underlining 与 undermining 均为动词转换的现在分词，其中
33、 underline 意为“在下面划线，加强，强调”，undermine 意为“破坏，削弱”，均不符合题意。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.causeB.accompany C.followD.attend解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此空所在句子的意思为“很多但不是所有的失眠症被认为其他健康问题产生”，下文列举了具体的疾病，且由下文可知，失日民与其他健康问题的因果关系及出现先后顺序还不清楚。因此，此空选 Baccompany“伴随“cause“引起”；follow“跟着”；attend“出席，参加”，均不符合题意。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.shortB.caseC.es
34、senceD.turn 解析：解析：考查介词短语辨析。in short“简而言之”；in case“假如，以防”；in essence“本质上”；in turn“轮流，反过来”，联系上下文，此处应选 Dturn。其他选项均不符合题意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.insideB.outsideC.aside D.besides解析：解析：考查介词辨析。前文已经列举了失眠症引起的各类疾病，后面提到失眠的可能性随着年龄的增加而增加，因此，此空选 Caside“撇开暂且不谈”。inside“在里面”；outside“在外面”：besides“除之外”，均不符合题意。(15).【C15】（
35、分数：2.00）A.common B.popularC.frequentD.regular解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此空所在句子意为：失眠的可能性随着年龄的增加而增加，而且在妇女中更加_。故此处应选 Acommon“普遍的”。popular“流行的”；frequent“频繁的”；regular“规则的”，均不符合题意。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.conscriptionB.descriptionC.subscriptionD.prescription 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此空所在句子意为：吸烟、咖啡因及众多的_也影响睡眠。第一段末提到“专家们一致认为，自作主张乱吃药并不是
36、解决失眠的好方法”，因此答案应为 Dprescription“处方”。conscription“征兵，征用”；description“描写”；subscription“订阅费，捐款”，均不符合题意。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.aimedB.targeted C.designatedD.designed解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此空所在句子意为：全国卫生研究所今年要花大约 2000 亿美元用于睡眠的相关研究，其中一些以特定的(睡眠)紊乱为_。因此，选 Btargeted“把作为目标”。aimed 后常接 at，表示“旨在，致力于”；designated“指出，指明”；designe
37、d“设计，计划”，常见用法为be designed to do sth，均不符合题意。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.examining B.inspectingC.verifyingD.assessing解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此空所在句子意为：其中一些以特定的(睡眠)紊乱为目标，另外一些控制睡眠神经系统的潜在科学规律。Aexamining“检查”，多用于医学方面的检查，故符合题意。inspecting“检查”，多用于领导视察；verifying“核实，判定”；assessing“评估”，均不符合题意。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.conductingB.awaiti
38、ng C.receivingD.considering解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此空所在句子意为：该机构正_专家小组的评论以决定对失眠进行的下一步研究工作。根据句意，此处应选 Bawaiting“等待”。conducting“执行”；receiving“接收”；considering“考虑”，均不符合题意。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.assignedB.chargedC.directed D.attended解析：解析：考查动词辨析。所选动词应与后面介词 at 搭配，direct at 意为“针对，指向”，符合文意。故选 Cdirected“指导”。assigned“分配，分发”
39、；charged“控诉，指责”，与 at 连用表示“按收费”，与上下文不符；attended“参加”，均不符合题意。As the baby-boomer generation contemplates the prospect of the Zimmer frame there has never been more interest in delaying the process of ageing. One consequence has been a(n) 【C1】_rise in the popularity of brain-training games. But how【C2】_
40、really is a daily dose of cryptic crossword? Robert Wilson, a neuropsychologist at Rush University in Chicago, and his colleagues decided to【C3】_out, 【C4】_following a group of people without dementia. Participants were asked to【C5】_ how frequently they engaged in cognitively【C6】_activities. The rese
41、archers were looking for such things as reading newspapers, books and magazines,【C7】_ challenging games like chess, listening to the radio and watching television, and【C8】_museums. The good news, as they report in Neurology, is that 【C9】_ activity of this sort seems to slow the rate of 【C10】_decline
42、 in those without cognitive【C11】_ . The bad news is that in those who do then develop Alzheimer“ s disease it is associated with a more rapid【C12】_decline. What seems to be happening is that cognitive stimulation helps 【C13】_the effect of the neurodegenerative lesions associated with dementia. It do
43、es not, 【C14】_, make them go away. They continue to【C15】_ , so that when the disease does eventually take【C16】_ there are more of them around than there otherwise would be, which results in a more 【C17】_cognitive fall off. That is not a message of despair, 【C18】_, because the length of time someone
44、suffers from dementia is thus【C19】_and their healthy life prolonged. So the message is,【C20】_on with the crosswords.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.tinyB.smallC.dramatic D.enormous解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。根据前文“一股抗衰老的研究热潮正达到顶峰”，可以推知大脑训练游戏是迅速兴起的。因此 Cdramatic“戏剧的，引人注目的”符合文意，为最佳选项。tiny“微小”；small“小的，少的”；enormous“巨大的，庞
45、大的”，强调事物体积的巨大，三项均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.effective B.affectiveC.efficientD.constructive解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：不过一天一张字谜游戏到底有多大的_呢?前文阐述了大脑训练游戏迅速兴起，后文介绍了针对游戏效果的实验。据此推知，空格处应该是对于游戏的效果表示怀疑。Aeffective“有效的，起作用的”，符合文意，为最佳选项。affective“情感的”：efficient“有效率的”；constructive“建设性的”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.checkB.f
46、igureC.find D.pick解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。前文阐述了一个现象，后文介绍了针对游戏效果的实验。据此可以推知这些人希望通过研究以查明、探究这个现象。find out 意为“找出，查明”，符合文意。check out意为“检查，结账离开”；figure out 意为“算出，想出”；pick out 意为“挑选出，辨别出”，均不符合题意。故答案为 Cfind。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.withB.by C.inD.as解析：解析：考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，后文介绍的是实验研究的方式，故正确答案为 Bby。其他三项均不符合题意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.
47、rate B.anticipateC.declareD.assert解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：参与者被要求_自己参加某活动的频繁程度。后文主要阐述了活动的覆盖范围，没有其他实验结果，因此可以推知，此处应该为“要求参与者评价自己参加某活动的频繁程度”，因此 Arate“评价，估计”符合文意，为最佳选项。anticipate“期望，预期”；declare“宣布，声明”；assert“声称，断言”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sustainingB.transformingC.recedingD.stimulating 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：参与者要求对自己参加认知_活动的频繁程度进行评价。后文举例提到“读报、读书玩象棋等游戏”，根据语境可知，这些均为认知激发类的活动，因此 Dstimulating“有激发性的，刺激的”符合文意，为正确选项。sustaining“持续的”；transforming“转变的，转化的”；receding“减弱的”，均不符合题意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.settin
