1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 43 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his【C1】_language
2、s, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual【C2】_, and a knowledge and understanding of the【C3】_subject-matter in his field of specialization. That is, as it【C4】_, his professional equipment. 【C5】_this, it is desirable that he shoul
3、d have an【C6】_mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work【C7】_ his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others【C8】_his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task【C9】_
4、. He should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding【C10】_with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the fle
5、xibility of mind to enable him to【C11】_rapidly from one source to another, since this ability is frequently【C12】_of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator“s work. i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, 【C13】_that he should be able to speak the lang
6、uages he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage 【C14】_a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can【C15】_with. It is, 【C16】_, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to【C17】_ho
7、w proper names and place names are pronounced. The same 【C18】_ to an ability to write his source languages. If he cannot, it does not【C19】_. There are many other skills and【C20】_that are desirable in a translator.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.motherB.nativeC.targetD.source(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.applicati
8、onB.useC.utilityD.usage(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.lateB.lastC.latestD.later(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.isB.wasC.wereD.are(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.More thanB.Except forC.Because ofD.In addition to(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.enquiringB.enquiredC.inquiringD.inquired(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.byC.forD.on(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.shouldB.whenC.be
9、causeD.if(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.in handB.off handC.at handD.by hand(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.familiarityB.acquaintanceC.knowledgeD.skill(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.changeB.transformC.turnD.switch(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.lackedB.requiredC.facedD.confronted(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.essentialB.unnecessaryC.advantageousD.useles
10、s(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.overB.despiteC.rather thanD.instead(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.dealB.concernC.workD.do away(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.howeverB.accordinglyC.consequentlyD.thus(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.knowingB.having knownC.knowD.have known(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.refersB.comesC.appliesD.amounts(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.
11、matterB.mindC.harmD.work(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.characteristicsB.qualitiesC.distinctionsD.featuresThere are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most 【C1】_held is that it is unlucky to walk under a laddereven if it means【C2】_ the pavement into a busy street! 【C3】_you must pass under a ladder y
12、ou can【C4】_bad luck by crossing your fingers and【C5】_them crossed until you have seen a dog. 【C6】_ , you may lick your finger and【C7】_a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the 【C8】_ has dried. Another common【C9】_is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the houseit
13、 will either bring 【C10】_to the person who opened it or to the whole【C11】_. Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is【C12】_ , as it inevitably brings rain! The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month 【C13】_on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a bad event had
14、better stay 【C14】_. The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, 【C15】_ it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to 【C16】_ in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. Black cats are generally considered lucky in B
15、ritain, even though they are 【C17】_witchcraft. It is 【C18】_ lucky if a black cat crosses your pathalthough in America the exact opposite belief prevails. Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood 【C19】_luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something t
16、hat is tempting fate, such as “my car has never 【C20】_, touch wood?（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.broadlyB.widelyC.quicklyD.speedily(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.running fromB.jumping offC.stepping offD.keeping from(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.AsC.ThoughD.Unless(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.eraseB.removeC.avoidD.ease(5).【C5】（分数：
17、2.00）A.keepB.keepingC.keptD.to keep(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.ConsequentlyB.HoweverC.ComparativelyD.Alternatively(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.makeB.printC.performD.produce(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.labelB.symbolC.markD.cut(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.argumentB.superstitionC.opinionD.idea(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.lossB.difficultyC.tragedyD.
18、misfortune(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.houseB.householdC.homeD.circle(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.unwiseB.unintelligentC.unpopularD.unfortunate(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.fallsB.arrivesC.dropsD.happens(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.outdoorsC.indoorsD.far(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.asC.ifD.though(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.have origin
19、atedB.be originatingC.be originatedD.originate(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.concerned aboutB.related withC.associated withD.connected in(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.especiallyB.speciallyC.frequentlyD.rarely(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.asB.forC.inD.of(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.broken upB.broken offC.broken awayD.broken down考研英语（完形
20、填空）-试卷 43 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his【C1】_languages, fu
21、ll facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual【C2】_, and a knowledge and understanding of the【C3】_subject-matter in his field of specialization. That is, as it【C4】_, his professional equipment. 【C5】_this, it is desirable that he should hav
22、e an【C6】_mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work【C7】_ his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others【C8】_his own knowledge not always prove adequate to the task【C9】_. He
23、should be able to type fairly quickly and accurately and, if he is working mainly for publication, should have more than a nodding【C10】_with printing techniques and proof-reading. If he is working basically as an information translator, let us say, for an industrial firm, he should have the flexibil
24、ity of mind to enable him to【C11】_rapidly from one source to another, since this ability is frequently【C12】_of him in such work. Bearing in mind the nature of the translator“s work. i.e. the processing of the written word, it is, strictly speaking, 【C13】_that he should be able to speak the languages
25、 he is dealing with. If he does speak them, it is an advantage 【C14】_a hindrance, but this skill is in many ways a luxury that he can【C15】_with. It is, 【C16】_, desirable that he should have an approximate idea about the pronunciation of his source languages even if this is restricted to【C17】_how pro
26、per names and place names are pronounced. The same 【C18】_ to an ability to write his source languages. If he cannot, it does not【C19】_. There are many other skills and【C20】_that are desirable in a translator.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.motherB.nativeC.targetD.source 解析：解析：考查词语辨析。对比下文中的 target langu
27、age，与之相对的只能是 source language(s)。因此，选 Dsource“根源，源头”。mother language“母语”；native language“本族语”；target language“目标语”，均排除。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.applicationB.use C.utilityD.usage解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此空所在句子意为能够熟练处理通常是其母语或习惯语言的目标语言，只有Buse 的意思是“使用”，of habitual use 意为“习惯性使用的”，符合题意。application“(理论知识等的)应用”；utility 和 usag
28、e 似乎都跟“使用”有关，但 utility 的意思是“效用，效果”，usage的意思是“使用方式，用法”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.lateB.lastC.latest D.later解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。选项 Clatest“最新的”可以和 subjectmatter in his field of specialization(他本专业领域的题材)搭配，而其他的几个选项词义均不合适。late“迟的”；last“最后的”；later 作为形容词，意为“更迟的，更后的”，均排除。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.isB.wasC.were D.are解析：
29、解析：考查语法知识。作为插入语，词组 as it were 表示“似乎，可以说是”之意，故 Cwere正确。as it iswas 是“事实上”的意思，不符题意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.More thanB.Except forC.Because ofD.In addition to 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。从上下文来看，此句的意思是对上文句意的递进，故选项 DIn addition to“除此之外”正确。More than 一般不可用来引导递进语义关系的状语，也不太用于句首，常见于短语More than pleasedsorry，表示“非常乐意(抱歉)”；Except for
30、“除之外”；Because of“因为”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.enquiringB.enquiredC.inquiring D.inquired解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。enquire 和 inquire 虽然可以通用，但是要表示“爱探究的”这一意思的形容词只能是 inquiring，enquiring 意为“爱打听的”，不符合文意。故 Cinquiring 正确。过去分词表示“被动、完成”之义；此处并非精神“被探究”，而是“爱探究的”精神，故只能用-ing 形式而非-ed 形式。由此可排除 enquired，inquired。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00
31、）A.ofB.byC.forD.on 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。on ones own 意为“独立地，独自地”，符合题意，故选项 Don 正确。of ones own“自己拥有的”，不符合题意。而 for 和 by 不与 ones own 搭配。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.should B.whenC.becauseD.if解析：解析：考查情态动词辨析。四个选项中只有 Ashould 能够提前，省略 if，引导倒装的分句，是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，正常语序为 if his own language should not always。此外 Ashould表示可能性不大的假设，意为“
32、假使，万一”。因为 not 前面缺少助动词或情态动词，故排除when，because 和 if。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.in hand B.off handC.at handD.by hand解析：解析：考查介词短语辨析。Ain hand“手头的，(工作)在进行(讨论、研究、办理)之中的，在掌握(控制)中的，”此处修饰 the task，表示“手头的任务”。故为正确答案。没有 off hand 之说，off one“s hands“不再由某人负责”；at hand“近在手边，供使用，即将到来，被考虑中”；by hand“用手(与机器相对)，用体力”。(10).【C10】（分数：2
33、.00）A.familiarityB.acquaintance C.knowledgeD.skill解析：解析：考查固定搭配。have a noddingbowing acquaintance with sthsb是固定短语，意为“略通，初步了解”，故选 Bacquaintance“了解”。familiarity“熟悉”；knowledge“知识”；skill“技能”，三者没有此固定搭配，均排除。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.changeB.transformC.turnD.switch 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。四个选项都有“转，换”的意思，选项 Dswitch 表示在不同事物之
34、间转变、转移，或切换，符合题意。但 change 表示的是事物本身的“改变，转变”；transform 表示的是事物外形、形态或结构上发生改变；turn 一般表示“(方向、位置、性质或颜色上的)变化”，均不符题意。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.lackedB.required C.facedD.confronted解析：解析：考查固定搭配。(sthis)required of sbrequire sthof sb为固定搭配，意思是“要求某人”，故 Brequired 符合题意。lack 意为“缺乏”，可作及物动词，直接接宾语；做不及物动词时常用于 sbbe lacking in s
35、th或 sthbe lacking 结构；face 意为“(使)面对”，为及物动词，另外也可用于 be faced with 结构；confront 意思与 face 相近，意为“(使)碰到，(使)遇到”，为及物动词，常用于 be confronted with 结构。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.essentialB.unnecessary C.advantageousD.useless解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。从上下文来看，这一句话强调翻译工作是处理书面文字，也就是说会讲这门语言并不一定必要，而且下一句紧接着说“如果他确实会讲”，进一步说明了不是人人都一定要会讲的。另外，it
36、 is(un)necessary that 后接的从句中应该使用 should 型的虚拟语气，这与该句相符，所以Bunnecessary 符合文意。essential“本质的，实质的，基本的”；advantageous“有利的”；useless“无效的，无益的”，均不符题意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.overB.despiteC.rather than D.instead解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。从意义上来看，Crather than 表示“而不是”，符合句意。instead 也表示“而不是”，但用法有误，应为 instead of；advantage 与 over 搭配后跟的
37、宾语为“处于劣势”的一方；despite“尽管”，均不符合题意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.dealB.concernC.workD.do away 解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。从上下文来看，but 暗示语义的转折，另外单词 luxury 本身也暗示该技能是“奢侈品”而不是“必需品”，do away with“去掉”表明译者并非一定需要该技能，符合文意，故选 D。deal with 也是一个词组，表示“对付，处理”，但用在此处在语义上不符；concern with“关心”；work with“从事工作”，均排除。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.however B.ac
38、cordinglyC.consequentlyD.thus解析：解析：考查副词辨析。上文提到没有必要会讲这门语言，而这句话的意思是最好能对源语言的发音有一个大致的了解，语义上是一个转折，Ahowever 表示“然而，但是”，符合文意。accordingly“相应地”；consequently“因此”；thus“所以”，均不符题意。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.knowing B.having knownC.knowD.have known解析：解析：考查语法知识。词组 be restricted to 中的 to 是介词而不是不定式符号，需跟名词或动名词，故 Aknowing 正确
39、。时态上没有必要用完成时，所以 having known 不正确；其他项均排除。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.refersB.comesC.applies D.amounts解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。apply to 表示“适用于”，the same applies to 表示“(某事)同样如此”，正符合文意。故选 Capplies。refer to 表示“提及，谈到，指”；amount to 表示“达到；等于，相当于”；come to 用法很多，如“达到，总计为；终于；结果是”等，都不符合文意。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.matter B.mindC.harmD
40、.work解析：解析：考查动词辨析。it does not matter 表示“不要紧，没关系”，正合文意，故Amatter“关于”正确。mind 表示“介意，在意”，主语一般为人；harm 为及物动词，用法错误；it does not work 表示“不起作用，行不通”，不符合文意。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.characteristicsB.qualities C.distinctionsD.features解析：解析：考查名词辨析。qualities 可以表示“(人拥有的)素质；品质”，在此处指作为一名译者所需要的“(职业)素质”，故 Bqualities 最符合文意。ch
41、aracteristics 表示显著的、能帮助突出人或东西特征的“特色”；distinctions 表示“不同之处，差别，荣誉”；features 也可以表示“特征，特色”，但用于人的时候一般指“面部特征”，均不符题意。There are many superstitions in Britain, but one of the most 【C1】_held is that it is unlucky to walk under a laddereven if it means【C2】_ the pavement into a busy street! 【C3】_you must pass u
42、nder a ladder you can【C4】_bad luck by crossing your fingers and【C5】_them crossed until you have seen a dog. 【C6】_ , you may lick your finger and【C7】_a cross on the toe of your shoe, and not look again at the shoe until the 【C8】_ has dried. Another common【C9】_is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella
43、 in the houseit will either bring 【C10】_to the person who opened it or to the whole【C11】_. Anyone opening an umbrella in fine weather is【C12】_ , as it inevitably brings rain! The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month 【C13】_on a Friday, anyone wishing to avoid a
44、 bad event had better stay 【C14】_. The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, 【C15】_ it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to 【C16】_ in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. Black cats are generally consid
45、ered lucky in Britain, even though they are 【C17】_witchcraft. It is 【C18】_ lucky if a black cat crosses your pathalthough in America the exact opposite belief prevails. Finally, a commonly held superstition is that of touching wood 【C19】_luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have s
46、aid something that is tempting fate, such as “my car has never 【C20】_, touch wood?（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.broadlyB.widely C.quicklyD.speedily解析：解析：考查副词辨析。此空所在句的意思为“在英国最广为流传的迷信之一是”。根据句意应该填入一个表示“广泛”(认为)的词，与最后一段的 commonly held 形成呼应。故 Bwidely“广泛地”为正确选项。broadly 意为“大体上，基本上，概括地，宽广地，广泛”，强调幅度范围的宽广，与上下文语
47、义不符；quickly 和 speedily 表示“迅速地”，可以同时排除。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.running fromB.jumping offC.stepping off D.keeping from解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据空格后的 into a busy street 可知此处是“离开”之义，表示“离开人行道，走进川流不息的行车道”。step off 意为“离开，走出”，符合句意，故 Cstepping off 正确。run from 意为“从跑开”；jump off 意为“跳开，跳离”；keep from sth意为“忍住不做某事”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.If B.AsC.ThoughD.Unless解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。上一段提到在梯子下走过会带来厄运，所以“必须从梯子经过”只会是假设的情形，因此选择 AIf。其他三项均不符合题意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.eraseB.removeC.avoid D.ease解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处表示通过某些做法可以“避免厄运”，Cavoid 意为“避免”，符合句意，为正确答案。erase 意为“擦去，抹掉”；remove 意为“移开，去掉，脱
