1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 33 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Is a nation“s destiny set by its fertility rates? Japan has the world“s oldest【
2、C1】_, but Japanese longevity can“t【C2】_ for its extremely-low fertility ratejust 1.4 children per woman. One in four don“t have children. Some European countries also have low fertility rates, but top up【C3】_ migrants. Japan does not. The conventional view is that this is bad news: shrinking numbers
3、【C4】_ economic growth and the aging population is a major【C5】_ burden. But there is another【C6】_ The proportion of Japan“s population has almost twice as many over-65s as children. 【C7】_ Japan spends less on education. And because the Japanese are the world“s healthiest, care【C8】_ are also lower tha
4、n in other nations. Japan“s economy has been growing slowly for two decades now. But【C9】_ the falling population, individual income has been【C10】_ stronglyoutperforming most US citizens“. With 127 million people, Japan is【C11】_ empty. But fewer people in future will mean it has more living space, mo
5、re agricultural land per head, and a higher quality of life. Its【C12】_ on the planet for food and other【C13】_ will also lessen. Japan isn“t alone in population【C14】_: Russia, Romania and Hungary all【C15】_ the trend. For many more, it is being【C16】_ by immigration. But the global population is increa
6、sing slowly. The world recently reached “peak child“ the point【C17】_ the number of children aged 0 to 14 around the globe【C18】_ off. Global fertility rates have halved in 40 yearsthey are now below 2.5 children per womanand global population may peak soon. Some believe that peak population is a【C19】
7、_ first step to reducing our【C20】_ on the planet“s life-support systems. In that case, following Japan“s example may be just the ticket.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.populationB.economyC.historyD.politics(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.caterB.standC.lastD.compensate(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.withB.onC.forD.in(4).【C4】（分数：
8、2.00）A.provideB.hamperC.furtherD.ensure(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.educationalB.financialC.politicalD.cultural(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sideB.reasonC.caseD.factor(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ConsequentlyD.Because(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.paymentsB.incomesC.sharesD.bills(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.thanks toB.regardless ofC
9、.together withD.prior to(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.expandingB.diminishingC.decliningD.rising(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.alwaysB.merelyC.almostD.hardly(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.divisionsB.requirementsC.demandsD.supplies(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.devicesB.resourcesC.appliancesD.facilities(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.consumptionB.ded
10、uctionC.contractionD.expansion(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.followC.fallD.develop(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.worsenedB.stoppedC.delayedD.paused(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.whereB.whenC.thatD.who(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.startsB.getsC.levelsD.takes(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.promisingB.necessaryC.possibleD.helpful(20).【C20】（分数
11、：2.00）A.supplyB.fightC.assaultD.needWhat would the world look like without the dollar domination? US officials are【C1】_ out a deal to end the government shutdown and【C2】_ its debt limit, hoping to avoid a global【C3】_ crisis. Meanwhile, some eyed【C4】_ to the US dollar to avoid a repeat. Earlier this
12、week, an editorial from Xinhua news agency, called【C5】_ a new international reserve currency to【C6】_ the dollar. “It is perhaps a good time for the【C7】_ world to start considering building a de-Americanized world,“ it said. An organization like the International Monetary Fund could theoretically【C8】
13、_ an entirely new international currency, says Benjamin Cohen of the University of California, but political disagreement would raise its ugly【C9】_ again. “Think of all the trouble the European Monetary Union has had【C10】_ with just 17 countries. Now【C11】_ by ten.“ “I think it much more likely that
14、another【C12】_ currency becomes more important in international markets,“ says Menzie Chinn of the University of Wisconsin. “The Chinese are, with mixed【C13】_, pursuing a path of making their own currency more international.“ 【C14】_ don“t expect to be cashing in renminbi any time soon. The last big【C
15、15】_ in reserve currency, from British pounds to the US dollar, began in the 1950s and【C16】_ two decades. Even if we could just【C17】_ the dollar overnight, no other currency, including the renminbi, can currently【C18】_ it, says Cohen. “Governments still use the dollar, 【C19】_ the current political d
16、ifficulty in Washington, because of its【C20】_ availability, deep liquidity and wide acceptability.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.staggeringB.strugglingC.hammeringD.screwing(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.captureB.increaseC.balanceD.compute(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.financialB.politicalC.religiousD.cultural(4).【C4】（分数：2.0
17、0）A.applicationsB.adventuresC.opportunitiesD.alternatives(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.outB.forC.inD.on(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.counterC.overseeD.replace(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.condemnedB.confrontedC.confusedD.conquered(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.discoverB.createC.shareD.maintain(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.headB.armC.footD.hand(1
18、0).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.avoidingB.concealingC.discardingD.managing(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.multiplyB.modifyC.simplifyD.specify(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.naturalB.neutralC.nationalD.nominal(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.conclusionsB.emotionsC.candidatesD.conflicts(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.FurthermoreB.HenceC.ButD.Then(15).【C15】（分
19、数：2.00）A.soarB.shiftC.driftD.collision(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.delayedB.pausedC.spentD.took(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.dumpB.keepC.depositD.withdraw(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.chooseB.adoptC.matchD.break(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.despiteB.givenC.withD.without(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.ambiguousB.dubiousC.narrowD.abundant考研英语（完形填
20、空）-试卷 33 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Is a nation“s destiny set by its fertility rates? Japan has the world“s oldest【C1】_,
21、but Japanese longevity can“t【C2】_ for its extremely-low fertility ratejust 1.4 children per woman. One in four don“t have children. Some European countries also have low fertility rates, but top up【C3】_ migrants. Japan does not. The conventional view is that this is bad news: shrinking numbers【C4】_
22、economic growth and the aging population is a major【C5】_ burden. But there is another【C6】_ The proportion of Japan“s population has almost twice as many over-65s as children. 【C7】_ Japan spends less on education. And because the Japanese are the world“s healthiest, care【C8】_ are also lower than in o
23、ther nations. Japan“s economy has been growing slowly for two decades now. But【C9】_ the falling population, individual income has been【C10】_ stronglyoutperforming most US citizens“. With 127 million people, Japan is【C11】_ empty. But fewer people in future will mean it has more living space, more agr
24、icultural land per head, and a higher quality of life. Its【C12】_ on the planet for food and other【C13】_ will also lessen. Japan isn“t alone in population【C14】_: Russia, Romania and Hungary all【C15】_ the trend. For many more, it is being【C16】_ by immigration. But the global population is increasing s
25、lowly. The world recently reached “peak child“ the point【C17】_ the number of children aged 0 to 14 around the globe【C18】_ off. Global fertility rates have halved in 40 yearsthey are now below 2.5 children per womanand global population may peak soon. Some believe that peak population is a【C19】_ firs
26、t step to reducing our【C20】_ on the planet“s life-support systems. In that case, following Japan“s example may be just the ticket.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.population B.economyC.historyD.politics解析：解析：空格后提到 Japanese longevity“日本人的长寿”，再结合下文的 extremely-low fertility rate“极低的生育率”，可推断此处是说日本人口的老龄化问题，故
27、选 A 项 population。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.caterB.standC.lastD.compensate 解析：解析：本段末提到欧洲国家的情况，跟日本进行对比。说到欧洲国家对生育率低的缺口进行“补充，填充”(top up)，因此推断，空格处填入的词应跟 top up 近义，compensate for意为“弥补、补偿”符合要求。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.with B.onC.forD.in解析：解析：top up 本义表示“加满、充值”，在本文中意为“补充，弥补”，空格后的 migrants“移民”是补充的方式，因此选择表“方式”的 A 项 with，意
28、为“通过来弥补”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.provideB.hamper C.furtherD.ensure解析：解析：shrinking numbers 指代上文中提到的日本出生率低导致的人口数量减少既然这被认为是坏消息，那么 shrinking numbers 对 economic growth 起到的应该是消极作用，B 项 hamper 作及物动词，意为“妨碍，束缚”，符合上下文语义。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.educationalB.financial C.politicalD.cultural解析：解析：此句 and 前面提到生育率低跟经济发展的关系，and
29、 后面的部分在语义上应承接前面的内容，人口老龄化跟教育花费和医疗开支的关系归根结底也属于人口问题和经济问题之间的关系，故选 B 项financial“财政的”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.side B.reasonC.caseD.factor解析：解析：上一句提到传统的看法强调人口老龄化对经济增长的消极作用此处紧接着用转折关系副词but 引出本文的看法，强调人口老龄化对经济增长的积极作用，这是看待同一问题的另一面，故选 A 项side。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.Consequently D.Because解析：解析：空格前提到“日本
30、65 岁以上人口占的比例几乎是儿童的两倍”，空格后说“日本在教育上的花费较少”，后者在逻辑上为前者的“结果”，因此选表结果的 C 项 Consequently。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.paymentsB.incomesC.sharesD.bills 解析：解析：空格前说 because the Japanese are the world“s healthiest“因为日本人是世界上最健康的人”，所以推断他们在医疗方面的花费也比其他国家少。D 项 bills“账单”符合要求。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.thanks to B.regardless ofC.togethe
31、r withD.prior to解析：解析：此处填入的短语用于描述 the falling population 与 individual income has been之间的关系。从转折语气可推断，人口数量整体下降应该会导致个人收入的增加。故选 A 项thanks to“由于，多亏”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.expandingB.diminishingC.decliningD.rising 解析：解析：空格所在句由转折词 But 引导，说明 individual income 的变化应与上句提到的 economy 发展减缓刚好相反，所以 D 项 rising“增加，上升”为
32、正确答案。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.alwaysB.merelyC.almostD.hardly 解析：解析：根据空格前的 127 million，可看出日本的人口密度较高，因此此处需填入一个具有否定意义的副词，用以修饰 empty，表示日本人口的高密集度。四个选项中只有 D 项 hardly“几乎不”具有否定意义，故本题选 D。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.divisionsB.requirementsC.demands D.supplies解析：解析：上一句提到“未来人口会更少”(fewer people in future)，可推断对食物的需求也会减少，因此空
33、格处应填入“需求”含义的词，C 项 demands“需求”为正确答案。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.devicesB.resources C.appliancesD.facilities解析：解析：此处的 and other_与 food 并列，说明空格处应该填入可概括或包含“食物”这一概念的词，B 项 resources“资源”符合要求。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.consumptionB.deductionC.contraction D.expansion解析：解析：本文从一开始就提到日本人口数量减少的事实。第二段第一句又用 shrinking numbers 来
34、表达这一信息，故本题选 C 项 contraction“缩小”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.follow C.fallD.develop解析：解析：上文提到日本并不是唯一一个人口数量减少的国家，推断其他国家也有出现同样或类似的问题。故选择 B 项 follow“跟随”。follow the trend 表示“跟随潮流”，此处指这些国家也随之出现人口数量减少的问题。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.worsenedB.stoppedC.delayed D.paused解析：解析：本文第一段的最后一句提到一些欧洲国家出生率低，但有移民补充人口(top upm
35、igrants)，可推断欧洲国家，因为补充了移民，人口减少的趋势会被延迟，故选 C 项 delayed。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.where B.whenC.thatD.who解析：解析：分析句子结构，此处需填入关系副词充当后面定语从句的引导词，该定语从句修饰 the point，而 the point 为前面的 peak child 的同位语，peak 指代曲线图中高峰点、顶点，所以应选表示“方位”的副词，作状语，故选 A 项 where。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.startsB.getsC.levels D.takes解析：解析：该句破折号前提及全球将达到“
36、儿童高峰期”(peak child)，据此可推断达到高峰后，其走向应趋于平稳或开始走低。C 项 levels 与 off 搭配即表示“趋于平稳”，故选 C 项。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.promisingB.necessary C.possibleD.helpful解析：解析：文章最后一句用 In that case 引出结论，just the ticket“正是所需要的人事物”说明了 peak population“人口数量达到顶峰”是必要的条件，因此应选 B 项 necessary“必要的”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.supplyB.fightC.assau
37、lt D.need解析：解析：第 4 段第 2 句提到 fewer people in future will mean it has more living space，more agricultural land per head，即人口数量越少，人均可拥有的地球资源就越多，对地球生命维持系统(planet“s life-support system)造成的压力就越少，因此空格应填入跟“压力”近义的词，C 项assault“攻击”符合要求。What would the world look like without the dollar domination? US officials a
38、re【C1】_ out a deal to end the government shutdown and【C2】_ its debt limit, hoping to avoid a global【C3】_ crisis. Meanwhile, some eyed【C4】_ to the US dollar to avoid a repeat. Earlier this week, an editorial from Xinhua news agency, called【C5】_ a new international reserve currency to【C6】_ the dollar.
39、 “It is perhaps a good time for the【C7】_ world to start considering building a de-Americanized world,“ it said. An organization like the International Monetary Fund could theoretically【C8】_ an entirely new international currency, says Benjamin Cohen of the University of California, but political dis
40、agreement would raise its ugly【C9】_ again. “Think of all the trouble the European Monetary Union has had【C10】_ with just 17 countries. Now【C11】_ by ten.“ “I think it much more likely that another【C12】_ currency becomes more important in international markets,“ says Menzie Chinn of the University of
41、Wisconsin. “The Chinese are, with mixed【C13】_, pursuing a path of making their own currency more international.“ 【C14】_ don“t expect to be cashing in renminbi any time soon. The last big【C15】_ in reserve currency, from British pounds to the US dollar, began in the 1950s and【C16】_ two decades. Even i
42、f we could just【C17】_ the dollar overnight, no other currency, including the renminbi, can currently【C18】_ it, says Cohen. “Governments still use the dollar, 【C19】_ the current political difficulty in Washington, because of its【C20】_ availability, deep liquidity and wide acceptability.“（分数：40.00）(1)
43、.【C1】（分数：2.00）A.staggeringB.strugglingC.hammering D.screwing解析：解析：空格所需填入的谓语动词，后接宾语 a deal“协议”，后面还有 to end，hoping等表目的的表达，由此推断此处需要表示“通过协商努力达成协议”意思的动词短语。hammer out 表示“经过长时间或艰难的讨论制定出”，C 项符合要求。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.captureB.increase C.balanceD.compute解析：解析：空格所在句用两个不定式 to来表示制定协议的目的。第一个 to 是要结束美国政府关门停摆状态。第二个
44、to 要对国债设定限额。对债务设定限额不外乎有三种选择：一为增加，二为减少，三为保持不变。后面紧接着说到希望避免一场全球危机，B 项 increase 符合语义，为正确答案。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.financial B.politicalC.religiousD.cultural解析：解析：文中一开始便说到美元霸主地位和债务危机的问题，此后论及替代美元的种种选择，并提到替代货币在国际市场将要起到的作用，种种迹象表明这些都是跟经济、金融相关的问题，所以此处应选 A项 financial“金融的”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.applicationsB.adventure
45、sC.opportunitiesD.alternatives 解析：解析：eyed 意为“注视，审视；渴望地看着”，根据下文提到考虑选择使用另一种国际货币或另一个国家的货币来替代美元，D 项 alternatives“可供选择的事物”跟后面的 to the dollar 搭配。意为“可替代美元的货币”，符合语义。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.outB.for C.inD.on解析：解析：本句的主语为 an editorial(社论)，社论的作用通常是“呼吁做某事”，call 与 for 搭配，表示“呼吁”，符合上下文语义要求。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.supportB.co
46、unterC.overseeD.replace 解析：解析：空格前提到使用一种新的国际储备货币，下文又说到 considering building a de-Americanized world，接着论及使用另一种国际货币或另一个国家的货币两种方案，据此判断，此处应选D 项 replace“替代”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.condemnedB.confrontedC.confused D.conquered解析：解析：本文对于使用美元替代货币的做法，尚处于讨论的阶段，可推断目前世界各国就此类问题尚未达成共识，四个选项中，C 项 confused“迷惑的”填入空格，符合语义要求。
47、(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.discoverB.create C.shareD.maintain解析：解析：此空需填的动词和 could 一起作谓语，根据空格后的宾语 an entirely new international currency，以及下一句说到的欧洲货币联盟曾经创建欧元的事实，推断此空应选 B 项 create“创造”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.head B.armC.footD.hand解析：解析：固定搭配 raise its ugly head 表示“(某种风气)抬头，(尤指不好的东西)出现”，故选A。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.avoidingB.concealingC.discardingD.managing 解析：解析：此空位于修饰 trouble 的定语从句中，先行词 trouble 在从句中作 has had 的宾语，从四个选项的形式看，可知此处用了 have trouble doing sth 结构，意为“做某事有困难”。上一句说建立新国际货币又会遇到政治分歧的问题(political disagreement would raiseagain)，此处接着以欧洲货币联盟创建欧元时所遇麻烦为例进行说明，四个选项中，只有 D
