1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 147 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries wer
2、e established in various areas during the【C1】_half of the 19th century; most of【C2】_were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great【C3】_during the First World War, when【C4】_of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In som
3、e European countries nurseries were established【C5】_in munitions plants, under direct government sponsorship.【C6】_the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose【C7】_, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War,【C8】_, federal State and
4、 local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control【C9】_the day nurseries, chiefly by【C10】_them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries. The【C11】_of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all coun
5、tries, as women were【C12】_called up on to replace men in the factories. On this【C13】_the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools,【C14】_$6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities【C15】_thi
6、s Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared【C16】_in daycare centers receiving Federal【C17】_. Soon afterward, the Federal government【C18】_cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later【C19】_them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nurser
7、y schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their【C20】_at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.latterB.lateC.otherD.first(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.themC.whoseD.which(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.impetusB.inputC.imitationD.initiativ
8、e(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortageD.reduction(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.hardlyB.entirelyC.onlyD.even(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.unanimouslyB.sharplyC.predominantlyD.militantly(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.howeverD.moreover(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.o
9、verB.inC.atD.about(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.outcryB.outbreakC.breakthroughD.breakdown(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.againB.thusC.repeatedlyD.yet(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.circumstanceB.occasionC.caseD.situation(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.regulatingB.summoningC.all
10、ocatingD.transferring(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.blockedB.protestedC.supplementedD.compensated(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.byB.afterC.ofD.for(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.pensionsB.subsidiesC.revenuesD.budgets(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.abolishedB.diminishedC.
11、jeopardizedD.included(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.husbandsB.homesC.jobsD.childrenPrewriting refers to strategies you can use to generate ideas before starting the first draft of a paper. Prewriting techniques are like the warm-ups you do【C1】_going out to jogthey loosen you up, get you moving, and help you【C
12、2】_a sense of confidence. Since prewriting techniques encourage【C3】_exploration, they also help you discover【C4】_interests you most about your subject. Having such a focus early in the writing process【C5】_you from plunging into your initial draft without first giving some thought to what you want to
13、 say.【C6】_prewriting saves you time in the long run by keeping you on course. Prewriting can help you in【C7】_ways, too. When we write, we often continually critique what we【C8】_on paper. “This makes no sense,“ “This is stupid,“ “I can“t say that,“ and other critical thoughts【C9】_into our minds. Such
14、【C10】_, self-critical comments very often, if not always,【C11】_the flow of our thoughts and reinforce the fear that we have nothing to say and aren“t very good at writing. During prewriting, you【C12】_ignore your internal critic. Your purpose is simply to get ideas down on paper【C13】_evaluating their
15、 effectiveness. Writing without immediately judging what you produce can be liberating. Once you feel less【C14】_, you“ll probably find that you can generate a good deal of material, and that can make your【C15】_soar. One【C16】_advantage of prewriting: The random associations【C17】_prewriting tap the mi
16、nd“s ability to make【C18】_connections. When you pre-write, you“re like an archaeologist going on a【C19】_. On the one hand, you may not unearth anything; on the other hand, you may stumble upon one interesting【C20】_after another. Prewriting helps you appreciateright from the startthis element of surp
17、rise in the writing process.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.beforeC.sinceD.from(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.developB.ownC.ariseD.show(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.imaginaryB.imaginedC.imaginativeD.imagery(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.helpsB.encouragesC.avoidsD.keeps(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.So
18、B.HoweverC.ThusD.Also(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.neitherB.the otherC.otherD.others(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.put upB.put downC.put inD.put away(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.popB.appearC.turnD.happen(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.positiveB.negativeC.objectiveD.active(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.pauseB.stopC.endD.finish(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.uncons
19、ciouslyB.undoubtedlyC.deliberatelyD.absolutely(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.forB.byC.fromD.without(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.pressureB.forceC.strengthD.power(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.interestB.confidenceC.enthusiasmD.courage(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.finalB.doubtlessC.differentD.similar(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.typical ofB.charac
20、terized byC.as a result ofD.in terms of(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.trueB.untrueC.usualD.unusual(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.journeyB.adventureC.digD.research(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.storyB.eventC.stoneD.discovery考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 147 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDire
21、ctions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：In the United States, the first day nursery, was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the【C1】_half of the 19th century; most of【C2】_were charitable. Both
22、 in Europe and in the U.S., the day nursery movement received great【C3】_during the First World War, when【C4】_of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were established【C5】_in munitions plants, under direct government sponsors
23、hip.【C6】_the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose【C7】_, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War,【C8】_, federal State and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control【C9】_the day nurseries, chiefly by【C10
24、】_them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries. The【C11】_of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were【C12】_called up on to replace men in the factories. On this【C13】_the U.S. government
25、immediately came to the support of the nursery schools,【C14】_$6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities【C15】_this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared【C16】_i
26、n daycare centers receiving Federal【C17】_. Soon afterward, the Federal government【C18】_cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later【C19】_them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their【C20】_at the
27、 end of the war was only partly fulfilled.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.latter B.lateC.otherD.first解析：解析：首句提到，第一家日托所开办于 1854 年，故推断各地的日托所应建于 1854 年之后。“1854年之后”是 19 世纪下半叶，因此选 A 项 latter“后一半的”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.them C.whoseD.which解析：解析：本句为分号连接的并列句，故 most of 后应用人称代词 them，指代“日托所”，故选 B。(3).【C3】（分数：2
28、.00）A.impetus B.inputC.imitationD.initiative解析：解析：根据下文 causedof women(使得各产业雇佣女职员的数量超过以往)，推断日托幼儿园运动得到极大的发展。A 项 impetus 意为“动力”，符合句意，故选 A。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.sourcesB.abundanceC.shortage D.reduction解析：解析：根据空格后“各产业雇佣女职员的数量超过以往”，可推断是由于战争造成劳动力匮乏，才大量招收女工，故选 C 项 shortage“缺乏”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.hardlyB.entire
29、lyC.onlyD.even 解析：解析：上文讲到日托幼儿园运动得到极大的发展，而此处说军工厂这种一般没有日托所的地方也建了。因此空格填入表递进关系的词，故选 D 项 even“甚至”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Although 解析：解析：本句的前半句说“美国的日托所数量也增加了”，后半句提到“该增长没有得到政府帮助”，前后分句间的语义存在转折让步，故选 D 项 Although“尽管”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.unanimouslyB.sharply C.predominantlyD.militantly解析：解析：根据 a
30、lso 一词，推断美国日托所的增长也跟欧洲一样。上文提到欧洲日托所数量增长迅猛，故此处应填入表示“增长迅猛”含义的词，选 B 项 sharply“急剧地”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.thereforeB.consequentlyC.however D.moreover解析：解析：空格后提到“联邦政府开始采取措施控制日托所”，这跟前文提到的“日托所没有得到政府支持”存在语义上的转折，C 项 however 表示转折符合句意。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.over B.inC.atD.about解析：解析：名词短语 control over 表示“对的控制”。其他三项不跟 co
31、ntrol 搭配。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.formulatingB.labelingC.patentingD.licensing 解析：解析：空格前的介词 by 表明空格处填入的词应表示控制的方式，D 项 license 表示“给发许可证”。符合句意。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.outcryB.outbreak C.breakthroughD.breakdown解析：解析：战争的爆发应该用 outbreak，故选 B 项 outbreak“爆发”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.again B.thusC.repeatedlyD.yet解析：解析：上文
32、提到“一战爆发时，各行业大量招收女工”。而此处是再次提到“妇女进工厂替代男工”，故空格应填入表示“再次”含义的词，因此选 A 项 again“再次”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.circumstanceB.occasion C.caseD.situation解析：解析：四个选项中，只有 B 项 occasion“场合”能跟前面的介词 on 搭配。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.regulatingB.summoningC.allocating D.transferring解析：解析：空格前提到，美国政府立即开始帮助日托学校，结合空格后的美元数，可推断空格处应填入“拨款”
33、含义的词。C 项 allocating 意为“拨款”，符合句意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.blockedB.protestedC.supplemented D.compensated解析：解析：此处的意思为“许多州和地方团体对联邦政府资助进行”，C 项 supplemented“补充”，代入空格，句意通顺。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.byB.afterC.ofD.for 解析：解析：care for 为固定搭配，表示“照料”，故选 D。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.pensionsB.subsidies C.revenuesD.budgets解析：解析
34、：上文提到联邦政府拨款，而日托中心接受的这种“拨款”为“补助金”，故选 B 项subsidies“补助金”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.prevalentlyB.furiouslyC.statisticallyD.drastically 解析：解析：空格填入的副词修饰 cut down，表示“削减的幅度”，由下文的 causing a sharpdropoperation(导致了日托幼儿园的锐减)，可看出削减的幅度大，D 项 drastically“大幅度地”符合要求。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.abolished B.diminishedC.jeopardized
35、D.included解析：解析：空格前说“联邦政府削减该项费用”，后来自然就“废止”了该项支出，A 项abolished“废除”符合句意。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.husbandsB.homesC.jobs D.children解析：解析：上一句提到日托学校的数量急剧下降，此处对应的预期应是这些妇女会离开自己的工作，故选 C 项 jobs“工作”。Prewriting refers to strategies you can use to generate ideas before starting the first draft of a paper. Prewriting
36、techniques are like the warm-ups you do【C1】_going out to jogthey loosen you up, get you moving, and help you【C2】_a sense of confidence. Since prewriting techniques encourage【C3】_exploration, they also help you discover【C4】_interests you most about your subject. Having such a focus early in the writi
37、ng process【C5】_you from plunging into your initial draft without first giving some thought to what you want to say.【C6】_prewriting saves you time in the long run by keeping you on course. Prewriting can help you in【C7】_ways, too. When we write, we often continually critique what we【C8】_on paper. “Th
38、is makes no sense,“ “This is stupid,“ “I can“t say that,“ and other critical thoughts【C9】_into our minds. Such【C10】_, self-critical comments very often, if not always,【C11】_the flow of our thoughts and reinforce the fear that we have nothing to say and aren“t very good at writing. During prewriting,
39、 you【C12】_ignore your internal critic. Your purpose is simply to get ideas down on paper【C13】_evaluating their effectiveness. Writing without immediately judging what you produce can be liberating. Once you feel less【C14】_, you“ll probably find that you can generate a good deal of material, and that
40、 can make your【C15】_soar. One【C16】_advantage of prewriting: The random associations【C17】_prewriting tap the mind“s ability to make【C18】_connections. When you pre-write, you“re like an archaeologist going on a【C19】_. On the one hand, you may not unearth anything; on the other hand, you may stumble up
41、on one interesting【C20】_after another. Prewriting helps you appreciateright from the startthis element of surprise in the writing process.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.before C.sinceD.from解析：解析：作者将写作前的构思技巧比喻成热身运动(warm-ups)，而热身运动应是发生在跑步(going out to jog)之前，因此选 B 项 before“在之前”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A
42、.develop B.ownC.ariseD.show解析：解析：填入的动词要与其后的 a sense of confidence 搭配，A 项 develop 指“建立，培养”，代入句中意为“能够让你放松，让你行动起来，并帮助你建立信心”。故选 develop。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.imaginaryB.imaginedC.imaginative D.imagery解析：解析：写作前的准备涉及的是构思和想象，填入的内容修饰其后的名词 explorationC 项imaginative 意为“富于想象力的，运用想象力的”，符合句意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.what
43、 B.thatC.whichD.who解析：解析：这里需要填一个具有双重句法功能的词：既作后面从句的引导词，又作从句的主语；意思上，它必须指使人最感兴趣的所有东西。所以选 A 项 what。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.helpsB.encouragesC.avoidsD.keeps 解析：解析：这里讲的是写作前构思的预防作用。它可以(帮助我们)避免在没有任何想法的情况下就贸然开始撰写初稿。再根据空格后的 from，keepfrom 意为“避免，防止”，故选 D 项 keeps。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.SoB.HoweverC.Thus D.Also解析：解析：空格前提到
44、写作前的构思的种种益处，空格后又认为“写作前的构思可以让你紧扣主题，从长远来看可以节省你的时间”，可见两者间是一种顺承关系，故选 C 项 Thus“因此”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.neitherB.the otherC.other D.others解析：解析：上一段介绍写作前构思的一些作用。根据空格后的 too，可知此处还是讲写作前构思的好处，结合后面所跟的复数名词 ways，须选 C 项 other“其他的”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.put upB.put down C.put inD.put away解析：解析：根据本句前面的 When we write 及最后
45、的 on paper 可判断，空格中需要填一个与 write 意义相同的词语，所以选 B 项 put down“记下，写下”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.pop B.appearC.turnD.happen解析：解析：此句大意为，在写作时，脑子里可能会突然产生前面列举的自我否定性的想法、念头。A 项pop 表示“突然出现”。该词含有 suddenly 和 unexpectedly 的意味在里边。选项 A 恰当。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.positiveB.negative C.objectiveD.active解析：解析：前面列举的那些都是负面的、自我否定性的念头，所
46、以选 B 项 negative“负面的，否定的”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.pauseB.stop C.endD.finish解析：解析：空格处待填的动词后接宾语 the flow of our thouglhts(思想的流动)，前面列举的否定性想法会对其造成“阻止”，故选 B 项 stop“阻止，阻挡，妨碍”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.unconsciouslyB.undoubtedlyC.deliberately D.absolutely解析：解析：空格后的 ignore 表示“忽视”，含有故意装作不知道或没有看见之含义，故选 C 项deliberately
47、“故意地”与之搭配，该句大意为：而在构思阶段，你会故意忽视你内心的批判。C 为答案。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.forB.byC.fromD.without 解析：解析：evaluating effectiveness(评估有效性)与 simply get ideas down on paper(随意写下想法)是相互矛盾的行为表现，放空格处应填入表否定的 D 项 without。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.pressure B.forceC.strengthD.power解析：解析：下文的 you can generate a good deal of material(你可以写出很多东西)是好的结果，因此条件状语从句“Once you feel less”也应该表示积极意义，空格前有否定词 less因此空格处应选消极意义的 A 项 pressure“压力”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.interestB.confidence C.enthusiasmD.courage解析：解析：这一段主要讲心理压力，并不涉及兴趣、热情、勇气等方面。根据段落中心，故选 B 项confidence“信心”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.final B.doubtl
