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    【考研类试卷】考研英语(完形填空)-试卷141及答案解析.doc

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    【考研类试卷】考研英语(完形填空)-试卷141及答案解析.doc

    1、考研英语(完形填空)-试卷 141 及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_Several years into a campaign to get kids to eat better and exercise more, chi

    2、ld obesity rates have appeared to stabilize, and might be poised for a reversal. But a study published Monday in the journal PNAS suggests that among adolescents, the【C1】_signs are limited to those from better-educated, more【C2】_families. Among teens from poorer, less well-educated families, obesity

    3、 has【C3】_to rise. That class-gap was not【C4】_in younger children. But as children neared【C5】_, the class differences became increasingly obvious. 【C6】_between rich and poor in obesity rates are not new, and they are only one of many health gaps that make poor patients sicker and more likely to die【C

    4、7】_than richer ones. But if the public health message on obesity “has not diffused【C8】_across the population,“ this gap could 【C9】_efforts to stem a tidal wave of【C10】_obesity-related diseases in the years ahead. Researchers from Harvard University“s Kennedy School of Government found that【C11】_acti

    5、vity may account largely for the【C12】_trend in obesity between rich and poor. If public health experts are to prevent childhood obesity and【C13】_drive down future obesity among adults, they“ll have to figure out【C14】_less advantaged kids don“t get as much exercise, the authors of the latest study sa

    6、y. Yes, lack of 【C15】_centers, playgrounds, and streets and sidewalks that【C16】_walking, biking and playing are important, they wrote. But, they added, “this is not the whole story.“ Among children with parents who【C17】_high on the socioeconomic scale, participation in high school sports and clubs h

    7、as increased. But among their【C18】_from families of lower educational 【C19】_and income, such participation has【C20】_.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.usefulB.controversialC.distressingD.hopeful(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.underprivilegedB.affluentC.aggressiveD.innovative(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.stabilizedB.stoppedC.con

    8、tinuedD.paused(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.inconspicuousB.evidentC.mischievousD.misleading(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.adulthoodB.childhoodC.fatherhoodD.neighborhood(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.DisputesB.DisparitiesC.RecognitionsD.Confusions(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.impulsivelyB.lonelyC.lateD.prematurely(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.evenlyB.unequ

    9、allyC.disproportionallyD.speedily(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.joinB.hamperC.strengthenD.stimulate(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.timelyB.livelyC.costlyD.friendly(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.psychologicalB.mentalC.socialD.physical(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.divergentB.popularC.promisingD.convergent(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.becauseB.whereasC

    10、.therebyD.unless(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.whenB.whyC.whereD.who(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.educationB.treatmentC.serviceD.recreation(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.encourageB.dispiritC.forceD.restrict(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.constructedB.distortedC.rankedD.felt(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.colleaguesB.peersC.relativesD.acquaintances(1

    11、9).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.beliefB.tendencyC.facilityD.attainment(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.declinedB.revivedC.vanishedD.increasedPresident Barack Obama claimed progress Wednesday in his second-term drive to combat climate change but said more must be done to address a generational problem. One year after unveili

    12、ng an aggressive plan, Obama said new【C1】_limits on power plants, renewable energy projects and new【C2】_for green technology have cleared the way for further action in the U.S. and abroad, despite steadfast【C3】_from much of Congress. “When you take those first steps, even if they“re【C4】_, and even i

    13、f there are politics sometimes, you start【C5】_momentum and you start mobilizing larger and larger communities,“ Obama said. Obama“s【C6】_served as a progress report for his climate plan, which the president【C7】_out last June. Twelve months later, much of the plan is in【C8】_, although the most ambitio

    14、us steps are still up in the air and will take years to be【C9】_realized. Change won“t be instantaneous, Obama【C10】_. “There“s no silver bullet“ Indeed, many of the steps he“s taking are【C11】_, limited in scope by hostility from both parties to putting a【C12】_on carbon pollution, which would require

    15、new laws from Congress. Still, Obama said he“s seeking to【C13】_the problem but cutting it up into smaller pieces. “We“re moving, and it“s making a【C14】_,“ he told a supportive crowd at the League of Conservation Voter“s annual dinner. The environmental group【C15】_Obama early in his 2008 campaign.【C1

    16、6】_on the international front, momentum has been obscure.【C17】_global climate talks next year in Paris, there are fresh【C18】_that some countries are urging others to resist【C19】_moves to curb carbon. That could discourage even bigger polluters from【C20】_.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.productsB.expend

    17、ituresC.emissionsD.expectations(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.incentivesB.restrictionsC.sacrificesD.challenges(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.recognitionB.abuseC.supportD.opposition(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.convenientB.hardC.devastatingD.coherent(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.buildingB.losingC.evaluatingD.considering(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.exposur

    18、esB.negotiationsC.remarksD.objections(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.carriedB.runC.leftD.laid(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.detailB.motionC.vainD.question(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.fullyB.rapidlyC.disproportionatelyD.flawlessly(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.braggedB.advocatedC.cautionedD.applauded(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.damagingB.indefiniteC.ra

    19、dicalD.modest(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.rewardB.priceC.stimulationD.doubt(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.explainB.discussC.tackleD.overlook(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.differenceB.decisionC.mistakeD.mess(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.opposedB.backedC.bribedD.troubled(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.HenceB.AndC.SoD.Yet(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.At the

    20、beginning ofB.At the end ofC.Ahead ofD.In the course of(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.signsB.predictionsC.advicesD.requirements(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.beneficialB.ineffectiveC.domesticD.global(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.complainingB.actingC.sharingD.assessing考研英语(完形填空)-试卷 141 答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(

    21、总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:Several years into a campaign to get kids to eat better and exercise more, child obesity rates have appeared to stabilize, and might be p

    22、oised for a reversal. But a study published Monday in the journal PNAS suggests that among adolescents, the【C1】_signs are limited to those from better-educated, more【C2】_families. Among teens from poorer, less well-educated families, obesity has【C3】_to rise. That class-gap was not【C4】_in younger chi

    23、ldren. But as children neared【C5】_, the class differences became increasingly obvious. 【C6】_between rich and poor in obesity rates are not new, and they are only one of many health gaps that make poor patients sicker and more likely to die【C7】_than richer ones. But if the public health message on ob

    24、esity “has not diffused【C8】_across the population,“ this gap could 【C9】_efforts to stem a tidal wave of【C10】_obesity-related diseases in the years ahead. Researchers from Harvard University“s Kennedy School of Government found that【C11】_activity may account largely for the【C12】_trend in obesity betw

    25、een rich and poor. If public health experts are to prevent childhood obesity and【C13】_drive down future obesity among adults, they“ll have to figure out【C14】_less advantaged kids don“t get as much exercise, the authors of the latest study say. Yes, lack of 【C15】_centers, playgrounds, and streets and

    26、 sidewalks that【C16】_walking, biking and playing are important, they wrote. But, they added, “this is not the whole story.“ Among children with parents who【C17】_high on the socioeconomic scale, participation in high school sports and clubs has increased. But among their【C18】_from families of lower e

    27、ducational 【C19】_and income, such participation has【C20】_.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.usefulB.controversialC.distressingD.hopeful 解析:解析:此处的 thesigns 指代上文中的“儿童肥胖率似乎已稳定下来并有可能出现逆转”。肥胖率趋于稳定,并有逆转的可能,这是一个积极正面的信号,故选 D 项 hopeful“有希望的”。(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.underprivilegedB.affluent C.aggressiveD.innovative解析:

    28、解析:more与 better-educated 一起修饰 families,说明该迹象局限于什么范围。下文提及与之对比的另一组家庭 poorer,less well-educated families。better-educated 与 less well-educated 对应,本题应选与 poorer 意思相反的 B 项 affluent“富裕的”。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.stabilizedB.stoppedC.continued D.paused解析:解析:首段提及“肥胖率趋予稳定并有逆转的趋势的现象仅限于受过良好教育的家庭”,可推断贫困、教育程度低的家庭的孩子的肥胖率

    29、应该还是继续上升,故选 C 项 continued“持续,继续”。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.inconspicuousB.evident C.mischievousD.misleading解析:解析:后一句的转折连词 But 说明两句之间构成转折关系。因此推断 not_与 increasingly obvious 意思相反,故选 B 项 evident“明显的”。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.adulthood B.childhoodC.fatherhoodD.neighborhood解析:解析:转折词 But 说明本句与上句相对。children neared与上文提及的

    30、 younger chil-dren相对,故选 A 项 adulthood“成人期”。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.DisputesB.Disparities C.RecognitionsD.Confusions解析:解析:空格后提及的 between rich and poor 可帮助我们在上文中寻找相应的线索。第 3 段使用了class-gap 和 class differences 来描述这种差别,所以应选择与 gap 和 differences 同义的 B 项Disparities“不一致”。(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.impulsivelyB.lonelyC.lat

    31、eD.prematurely 解析:解析:上文提及 make poor patients sicker(使穷患者的病情加重),病情越重的人越倾向于更早因病而亡,故选 D 项 prematurely“过早地”。(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.evenly B.unequallyC.disproportionallyD.speedily解析:解析:上文提及这种差异是早已有之。But 后面的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下,这种差异会造成严重的后果。因此推断条件句的信息应是消极的,故选 A 项 evenly“均匀地”,代入此处意为“传播不均匀”。(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.joinB.h

    32、amper C.strengthenD.stimulate解析:解析:上文提及“贫富肥胖率只是(only)很多健康差距之一”,only 暗含这种现象还不是很严重的意思。紧接着 But 的使用提示这种现象在某种条件下可能会带来更为消极的后果,故选消极含义的 B项 hamper“妨碍”。(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.timelyB.livelyC.costly D.friendly解析:解析:此处需要一个形容词描述 obesity-related diseases“与肥胖相关的疾病”。本句提及,这种疾病是人们努力去阻止(to stem)的。由此可推断答案应是一个较为消极的形容词,故选

    33、C 项costly“代价高的”。(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.psychologicalB.mentalC.socialD.physical 解析:解析:根据下文提及的 playgrounds,streets,sidewalks,walking,biking and playing 等信息,可推断解释发展出这种差异的原因应该是跟“身体活动”有关,故选 D 项 physical“身体的”。(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.divergent B.popularC.promisingD.convergent解析:解析:第 2 段已提及贫富之间肥胖率的变化趋势是不一致的(the

    34、signs are limited to thosefrom better-educated),再结合原文提及的 classgap 和 class differences,可推断此处的trend 应该是不同的,故选 A 项 divergent“相异的”。(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.becauseB.whereasC.thereby D.unless解析:解析:句中 prevent“预防”和 drive down“降低”、childhood“儿童期”和 adults“成年期”之间的先后顺序提示 drive down future obesity among adults 是 pre

    35、vent childhood obesity 的目的,故选表目的的 C 项 thereby“从而”。(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.whenB.why C.whereD.who解析:解析:此处是健康专家需要弄清楚(figure out)的一个问题。下文的“lack ofcen-ters,playgrounds and”解释了弱势孩子得不到足够锻炼的原因,故选问“原因”的 B 项 why。(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.educationB.treatmentC.serviceD.recreation 解析:解析:“centers”跟 playgrounds 和 street

    36、s 并列,因此必然属于和 playgrounds、streets类似的地方,结合下文的 walking,biking 和 playing,可选出 D 项 recreation“娱乐”,recreation centers 指“娱乐中心”。(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.encourage B.dispiritC.forceD.restrict解析:解析:从句中的walking,biking 是对centers,playgrounds,and streets andsidewalks的说明。上文提出关于弱势孩子“得不到足够锻炼”的问题,其回答为“yes,lack ofsidewalks

    37、”,也就是说这些场所是能帮助人们得到锻炼的。故选 A 项 encourage“鼓励”。(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.constructedB.distortedC.ranked D.felt解析:解析:此处需要一个动词表示这些家长与 the socioeconomic scale“社会经济地位”的关系。根据空格后表“位置”的提示词 high,可推断答案应具有“处于某位置”语义,故选 C 项 ranked“列为,位居”。(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.colleaguesB.peers C.relativesD.acquaintances解析:解析:本句与上句为相对应的平行

    38、结构。因此,和 children 进行对比的应是与其平行的群体,故选 B 项 peers“同龄人”。(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.beliefB.tendencyC.facilityD.attainment 解析:解析:本句与第 2 段的 Among teers from poorer,less well-educated families 相对应。lower income 对应 poorer。答案应与 less well-educated 对应,故选 D 项 attainment“成就;学识;造诣”,lower educational attainment 意为“更低的受教育程度

    39、”。(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.declined B.revivedC.vanishedD.increased解析:解析:转折连词 But 连接两个对比的句子,上文中的“在社会经济等级中高的人”与“那些来自于和收入较低家庭的人”是两个相反的群体。因此相应的参与情况(participation)也应是相反的,故选与上文 increased 相反的 A 项 declined“下降”。President Barack Obama claimed progress Wednesday in his second-term drive to combat climate change bu

    40、t said more must be done to address a generational problem. One year after unveiling an aggressive plan, Obama said new【C1】_limits on power plants, renewable energy projects and new【C2】_for green technology have cleared the way for further action in the U.S. and abroad, despite steadfast【C3】_from mu

    41、ch of Congress. “When you take those first steps, even if they“re【C4】_, and even if there are politics sometimes, you start【C5】_momentum and you start mobilizing larger and larger communities,“ Obama said. Obama“s【C6】_served as a progress report for his climate plan, which the president【C7】_out last

    42、 June. Twelve months later, much of the plan is in【C8】_, although the most ambitious steps are still up in the air and will take years to be【C9】_realized. Change won“t be instantaneous, Obama【C10】_. “There“s no silver bullet“ Indeed, many of the steps he“s taking are【C11】_, limited in scope by hosti

    43、lity from both parties to putting a【C12】_on carbon pollution, which would require new laws from Congress. Still, Obama said he“s seeking to【C13】_the problem but cutting it up into smaller pieces. “We“re moving, and it“s making a【C14】_,“ he told a supportive crowd at the League of Conservation Voter“

    44、s annual dinner. The environmental group【C15】_Obama early in his 2008 campaign.【C16】_on the international front, momentum has been obscure.【C17】_global climate talks next year in Paris, there are fresh【C18】_that some countries are urging others to resist【C19】_moves to curb carbon. That could discour

    45、age even bigger polluters from【C20】_.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.productsB.expendituresC.emissions D.expectations解析:解析:文章首句提及奥巴马的计划是应对气候变化“to combat climate change”,因此,此处提及的各项措施均是能够减缓气候变化、对环境无害的。对于电厂而言,限制它们的排放(emissions)才能对环境无害,故选 C。(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.incentives B.restrictionsC.sacrificesD.challeng

    46、es解析:解析:此处需要一个名词表示政府对绿色技术的态度。下文提及此三项措施为采取进一步行动扫清了道路(clear the way for further action)。绿色技术不会对环境造成危害,因此,如果要推动进一步的(减缓气候变化)计划,绿色技术应该受到政府的推崇。因此,答案为 A 项 incentives“鼓励;刺激”。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.recognitionB.abuseC.supportD.opposition 解析:解析:空格前有 despite“不管”,由此推断其与上文的积极语义(clear the way for furtheraction)相对。且下文

    47、第 6 段提及来自两个政党的敌意(hostility from both parties)。两个政党均对奥巴马的计划有敌意,由此推断他的计划遭到反对,故选 D 项 opposition“反对”。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.convenientB.hard C.devastatingD.coherent解析:解析:本句强调只要我们迈出第一步,就能收获积极的回报(you start mobilizing largerand larger communities)。句中插入 even if 引导的让步状语从句。even if 常用来强调尽管会有些阻碍,事情还是会照样发展的。因此,even if 从句中的内容是对积极结果的一种阻碍,故选 B 项 hard“困难的”。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.building B.losingC.evaluatingD.considering解析:解析:此题需要一个动词词组表示如果人们采取积极的行动,会带来怎样的结果。startmomentum应表示积极的动作,与下文的 mobilizing 表达的正面意义相吻合。因此答案为 A,building momentum意为“增强势头”。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.exposuresB.negotiationsC.re


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