1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 133 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six compa
2、nies, created out of the privatized national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth【C1】_ , its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations【C2】_is drawing interest. In a plan called “Station Renaissance“ that it【C3】_ in November, JR East said that it would【C4】_using it
3、s commercial spaces for shops and restaurants, extending them to【C5】_more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up【C6】_for such goods as books, flowers and groceries【C7】_ over the Internet. In a country where city 【C8】_ depend heavily on trains 【C9】_commuting, about 16 mi
4、llion people a day go to its train stations anyway, the company【C10】_. So, picking up commodities at train stations【C11】_ consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station【C12】_ stores for this purpose, but it plans to create 【C13】_spaces for the delivery
5、of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce 【C14】_cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for 【C15】_ information 【C16】_ train tickets and commuter passes【C17】_the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an 【C18】_pass. This will save the company money,
6、 because 【C19】_for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also【C20】_the space needed for ticket vending.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.perspectivesB.outlooksC.prospectsD.spectacles(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.creativelyB.originallyC.authenticallyD.initially(3).【
7、C3】（分数：2.00）A.displayedB.demonstratedC.embarkedD.unveiled(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.go beyondB.set outC.come aroundD.spread over(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.applicationsB.enterprisesC.functionsD.performances(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.districtsB.vicinitiesC.resortsD.locations(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.acquiredB.purchasedC.presidedD.a
8、ttained(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.lodgersB.tenantsC.dwellersD.boarders(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.forB.inC.ofD.as(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.figuresB.exhibitsC.convincesD.speculates(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.deprivesB.retrievesC.sparesD.exempts(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.conjunctionB.convenienceC.departmentD.ornament(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）
9、A.delegatedB.designatedC.devotedD.dedicated(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.cleverB.smartC.ingeniousD.intelligent(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.checkingB.gatheringC.holdingD.accommodating(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.asB.forC.withD.of(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.but forB.as well asC.instead ofD.more than(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.uniqueB.singl
10、eC.unitaryD.only(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.devicesB.instrumentsC.readersD.examiners(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.reduceB.narrowC.dwarfD.shrinkIn October 2002, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank 【C1】_ a new electronic market for economic indices that 【C2】_ substantial economic risks, such as nonfarm payroll (a measure
11、 of job availability) and retail sales. This new market was made possible by a【C3】_rating technology, developed by Longitude, a New York company providing software for financial markets, 【C4】_the Parimutuel Digital Call Auction. This is “digital“【C5】_of a digital option: i.e., it pays out only if an
12、 underlying index lies in a narrow, discrete range. In effect, Longitude has created a horse race, where each “horse“ wins if and 【C6】_the specified index falls in a specified range. By creating horses for every possible【C7】_of the index, and allowing people to bet 【C8】_any number of runners, the co
13、mpany has produced a liquid integrated electronic market for a wide array of options on economic indices. Ten years ago it was【C9】_ impossible to make use of electronic information about home values. Now, mortgage lenders have online automated valuation models that allow them to estimate values and
14、to 【C10】_the risk in their portfolios. This has led to a proliferation of types of home loan, some of 【C11】_ have improved risk-management characteristics. We are also beginning to see new kinds of【C12】_for homes, which will make it possible to protect the value of 【C13】_, for most people, is the si
15、ngle most important 【C14】_of their wealth. The Yale University-Neighbourhood Reinvestment Corporation programme, 【C15】_ last year in the city of Syracuse, in New York state, may be a model for home-equity insurance policies that【C16】_ sophisticated economic indices of house prices to define the 【C17
16、】_of the policy. Electronic futures markets that are based on econometric indices of house prices by city, already begun by City Index and IG Index in Britain and now【C18】_ developed in the United States, will enable home-equity insurers to hedge the risks that they acquire by writing these policies
17、. These examples are not impressive successes yet. But they【C19】_as early precursors of a technology that should one day help us to deal with the massive risks of inequality that【C20】_will beset us in coming years.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.createdB.generatedC.initiatedD.originated(2).【C2】（分数：2.00
18、）A.reproduceB.restoreC.representD.resume(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.sophisticatedB.expensiveC.availableD.established(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.madeB.calledC.askedD.read(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.in the courseB.in the eventC.in the lightD.in the sense(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.untilC.now thatD.only if(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.extentB
19、.rangeC.lineD.area(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.forB.inC.onD.up(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.virtuallyB.admittedlyC.absolutelyD.originally(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.assumeB.assessC.dismissD.erase(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.themB.whichC.thatD.whom(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.managementB.insuranceC.securityD.technology(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.what
20、B.thoseC.whereD.it(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.guaranteeB.protectionC.componentD.source(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.securedB.sponsoredC.releasedD.launched(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.look toB.set upC.lay downD.rely on(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.termsB.specificationsC.conceptsD.consequences(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.isB.beingC.beenD.are
21、(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.emergeB.appearC.standD.arise(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.somehowB.anywayC.otherwiseD.thereby考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 133 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mar
22、k A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six companies, created out of the privatized national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth【C1】_ , its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations【C2】_is drawing interes
23、t. In a plan called “Station Renaissance“ that it【C3】_ in November, JR East said that it would【C4】_using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants, extending them to【C5】_more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up【C6】_for such goods as books, flowers and groceries
24、【C7】_ over the Internet. In a country where city 【C8】_ depend heavily on trains 【C9】_commuting, about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway, the company【C10】_. So, picking up commodities at train stations【C11】_ consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has
25、been using its station【C12】_ stores for this purpose, but it plans to create 【C13】_spaces for the delivery of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce 【C14】_cardsknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for 【C15】_ information 【C16】_ train tickets and commuter passes【
26、C17】_the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an 【C18】_pass. This will save the company money, because 【C19】_for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also【C20】_the space needed for ticket vending.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.perspectiv
27、esB.outlooksC.prospects D.spectacles解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词与 growth 搭配，由上下文语义可知，此处表达的含义是“铁路业没有令人振奋的发展前景”，prospect“景色，前景，期望”，符合语境，所以 Cprospects为正确答案。perspective 做可数名词时多指“态度，观点”；outlook 用作“前景”讲时用单数形式；spectacle“景象，奇观，场面，眼镜”，均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.creatively B.originallyC.authenticallyD.initially解析：解析：
28、考查副词辨析。由上下文可知，该举动是有创造性的，所以才会引起人们的关注，因此Acreatively“创造性地”正确。originally“最初，原先，新颖地”；authentically“确实地，真正地，逼真地”；initially“最初，开头”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.displayedB.demonstratedC.embarkedD.unveiled 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。由语法知识可知，空格前的 it 指代的是主语 JR East(东日本铁路)，所填动词表示的是该公司对“Station Renaissance”这一计划发出的动作。原文意为：东日本铁路有限
29、公司在 11 月份_“车站复兴”计划中说。D.unveiled“揭露，公布”符合语境，为正确选项。displayed 指把物品展示给人们看，display a plan 意为“展示一张设计图”；demonstrated“示范，证明”与 plan 搭配，指通过具体演示来说明计划的可行性；embarked“着手，从事”是不及物动词，常用于 embark onupon sth，embark on a new plan 意为“着手一项新的计划”，均不符合文意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.go beyond B.set outC.come aroundD.spread over解析：解析：考查
30、动词短语辨析。空格处填入的动词短语与 using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants 搭配，应符合文意。Ago beyond 意为“不止，超出”，与状语 extending them to 呼应，意为“不仅把它的商业空地用于开商店和餐馆，而且还”，符合句意，为正确答案。set out to do sth“打算、试图做某事”；come around to sth“平息，苏醒，改变观点、立场”。spread over 表示“时间上的扩展”，均不符合文意。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.applicationsB.enterprise
31、sC.functions D.performances解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词充当 extending them to 结构中的介词宾语，其中extendto意为“扩展用于”，them 指上文中的 its commercial spaces(东日本铁路的商业空地)。因此，所填的名词应与前文一致，表达这些空地的用处或功能。Cfunctions“功能，作用”，符合语境，即“还要把这些商业空地用于更加适应信息时代的功能上”。故正确答案为 C.application 常与“科技成果、理论、法规”等搭配，强调它们的实际应用，一般不与 spaces 搭配；enterprise“企业，事业
32、，计划”；performance“履行，执行，性能”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.districtsB.vicinitiesC.resortsD.locations 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词作 pick-up(物品收取)修饰的中心名词，说明东日本铁路公司想把车站作为物品收取的_。Dlocations 泛指某个地点，与文中 pickup 搭配，意为：物品收取地，符合文意，为正确选项。district 指“有一定特色的区域、地区”，如ruralmountainousfinancial district；或行政区域，如 electionpostal dist
33、rict；vicinity“邻近地区，附近”，常用单数，如 the inhabitants of the vicinity；resort“旅游、度假胜地”，如 seasidebeach resort，均不符合题意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.acquiredB.purchased C.presidedD.attained解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处填入的过去分词与 over the Internet 搭配，作定语修饰 such goods as books，flowers and groceries。由其中心语 goods 可知文章所讲的是网上购物，所以Bpurchased“买，
34、购买”正确，即“东日本铁路打算把车站作为网上所购物品的收取地”。acquire“获得”，虽然也可以表示“购得”，但它强调“得到”的结果，但该处顾客应该还没有得到货物，故排除；preside 常与 over 搭配，意为“主持，主管”，接的宾语为“会议、活动、事件、机构”等；attain“达到，(经过努力)获得”，也是强调“得到”，不正确。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.lodgersB.tenantsC.dwellers D.boarders解析：解析：考查名词辨析。由上下文可知，该处应泛指城市人，city dwellers“城市居民”符合文意，故选 C。logers“寄宿者”；tenan
35、ts“承租人，房客”；boarders“寄膳宿者，寄宿生”，都具体到以某种特殊方式居住的人，均不符合文意。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.for B.inC.ofD.as解析：解析：考查介词辨析。depend on sbsth for sth是习惯搭配，意为“依靠来做”，符合文意。故答案为 A。原文意为：都市人严重依赖列车作为上下班的交通工具。depend on sthas sth意为：依靠作为，但 as 后通常接名词，如 We depended on E-mail as the only way of communication when he was abroad(他出国时我们依靠邮
36、件作为唯一的通讯方式)。in“在期间，从事于”，of“的(表所属)”，均不符合文意。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.figures B.exhibitsC.convincesD.speculates解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词作谓语，表明铁路公司对 about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway(无论如何，每天大约 1 600 万人来到它的车站)发出的动作。参考选项，该句所述内容应是该公司“计算或估计”的，因此 Afigures“计算，估计”正确。exhibits意为“展示(物品)”，与上下文文
37、意不符；convinces“使确信，使信服”，后面接人，如 I convinced Jimmy(我说服了吉米)，如果要接事，应改为 is convinced；speculates 指“没有确切证据的推测、估计”，不符合文意。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.deprivesB.retrievesC.spares D.exempts解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词与 consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries 搭配。所填动词首先要能接双宾语，即使用 sbsth的结构，其次搭配后的含义要符合文意。spare sb(from)
38、sth，意为“使某人免于做某事”，符合文意，代入原文意为：在车站收取物品使消费者节省了路途而且也不像往家里递送那样容易丢失。因此正确答案为 Cspares。deprive“剥夺，使丧失”，搭配为 depfive sbof sth；retrieve“重新得到，找回，挽回”，搭配为 retrieve sthfrom sb；exempt“免除，豁免”，搭配为 exempt sb from sth，均不符合题意。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.conjunctionB.convenience C.departmentD.ornament解析：解析：考查习惯搭配。conjunction 不与
39、store 搭配，它常指“(引起某种结果的事物等的)结合”，如 The conjunction of low inflation and low employment came as a very pleasant surprise(低通货膨胀和低失业率的同时出现是一个大惊喜)。不要望文生义，“连锁店”是 chain store。convenience store 指“便利店”，department store“百货店”，ornament store 指“饰品店”，根据常识，车站里面比较普遍的是各式各样的便利店，所以 Bconvenience 符合文意。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A
40、.delegatedB.designatedC.devotedD.dedicated 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。四个选项均为动词的过去分词，做定语。Ddedicated 与 spaces 搭配，表示“专用的空间场地”，符合文意，为正确选项。delegate 搭配事物时意为“授权，委任，委托”，它不与 spaces 搭配；designated spaces 意为“指定的场地”，但与上文的 create 搭配后语义重复；devoted“投入的，深爱的”，表感情色彩，显然不符文意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.cleverB.smart C.ingeniousD.intelligent解
41、析：解析：考查固定搭配。smart card 是固定搭配，意为：(内有集成电路可储存记忆的)智能卡。因此正确答案为 Bsmart。四个选项都可含有“聪明的”含义，但当修饰事物时，clever 表示“机敏的，巧妙的”，强调“用智慧或小聪明达到目的”，如 a clever reply(机敏的回答)；ingenious 表示“(机器等)制作精巧的，(方法等)巧妙的”，如 an ingenious idea(巧妙的主意)；intelligent 指“(计算机部件工作性能)智能的”，如 an intelligent terminal(智能终端)，均不符合题意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.c
42、heckingB.gatheringC.holding D.accommodating解析：解析：考查动词辨析。题目要求填入一个动名词与 information 搭配，说明集成电路在 IC 卡中的作用。IC 卡，即智能卡，内部的集成电路是储存信息的，所以 Cholding“容纳，储存，准备着”正确。check information“核对信息“；gather information“收集信息”；accommodate information“整理信息”，均不符合文意。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.as B.forC.withD.of解析：解析：考查介词辨析。解题难点在于理清空格所在
43、句子的结构，该句子的主干为 the company plans to introduce cards_train tickets and commuter passes，所填介词与 introduce 搭配Aas 表方式，符合文意，introduce sthas sth“引入作为”，代入原文意为“引入智能卡作为车票和定期券”。故选 A。for 表目的、用途，introduce sthfor sth意为“为而引入、提出“，如 introduce a topic for discussion(提出议题供讨论)；with 表伴随，introduce sthwith sth意为“把作为的开头，用引出”
44、，如 introduce a talk with an anecdote(说一则轶闻作为讲话的引子)，均不符合文意。of 表所属，不直接跟 introduce 搭配。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.but forB.as well asC.instead of D.more than解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格处填入的介词短语连接 smart cards as train tickets and commuter passes(作为车票和定期券的智能卡)和 the magnetic ones used today(现在使用的磁卡)。由于两者是同一性质的物质，因此排除表假设逻辑关系的
45、 but for“要不是”。此外，根据下文可知用智能卡比现在使用的磁卡系统成本要低，因此引用智能卡的目的是使它取代磁卡作车票和定期券，因此 Cinstead of项“代替，而不是”正确。as well as 项“也，又，和”表并列，more than 项“比多”表比较，均不符合文意。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.uniqueB.single C.unitaryD.only解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。原文意为：把多种形式的票和券合为一张智能卡，Bsingle“单一的，专一的”，有把不同的东西统一标准或合为一体的意思，为正确选项。unique“独一无二的，独特的”，强调独特性；unit
46、ary“整体的，统一的，不可分的”，强调完整性；only“唯一的，单独的”，强调某种情况下的唯一性，均不符合题意。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.devicesB.instrumentsC.readers D.examiners解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格填人的名词与 for IC cards 搭配，与 magnetic systems(磁卡系统)作比较。首先排除 examiners“主考者，检查人”，因为人和系统之间无法比较价格高低。devices“装置，设备”，instruments“工具，手段”的用法为 deviceinstrument for doing sth如 a de
47、vice for opening bottles(一个打开瓶子的装置)；an instrument for writing(书写工具)。所以 Creaders 正确，意为：IC 卡或智能卡的读卡机。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.reduce B.narrowC.dwarfD.shrink解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据上文可知道，IC 卡的使用替代了传统的车票和定期券，因此空格所在句子的含义是：IC 卡使用的增加减少了售票所占的空间。关键看四个选项哪个与 space 搭配，符合文意。reduce“减少，缩小”，用法较为广泛，除表示数量、大小、价格等的减少外。还可以接表抽象含义的词，如
48、 reduce the risk of detection(减少被发现的危险)，原文意为：对 IC 卡使用的增加还将会减少售票占用的空间。故答案为 Areduce。narrow“使变狭窄，使缩小，与 space 搭配，指“使空间变得狭小”，有“拥挤”的含义；dwarf “(通过与大的事物比较)使显得小”，而实际大小没有改变；shrink 意为“使事物本身缩小或萎缩”，如 shrink the markets for the exports(使出口市场萎缩)，均不符合文意。In October 2002, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank 【C1】_ a new electro
