1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 118 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, th
2、erefore, the choice of an 【C1】_should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually,【C2】_, most people make several job choices during their working lives,【C3】_because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve【C4】_position. The “one perfect job“ does not exist. Y
3、oung people should【C5】_enter into a broad flexible training program that will【C6】_them for a field of work rather than for a single【C7】_. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans【C8】_benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing【C9】_about the occupat
4、ional world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss【C10】_. Some drift from job to job. Others【C11】_to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for【C12】_real or imagined prestige. Too many high s
5、chool students or their parents for them choose the professional field,【C13】_both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal【C14】_. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar“ job is【C15】_good reason for choosin
6、g it as life“ s work.【C16】_, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the【C17】_of young people should give serious【C18】_to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 【
7、C19】_life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take【C20】_for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.identific
8、ationB.entertainmentC.accommodationD.occupation(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.howeverB.thereforeC.thoughD.thereby(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.entirelyB.mainlyC.partlyD.largely(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.itsB.hisC.ourD.their(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.thereforeC.furthermoreD.forever(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.makeB.fitC.takeD.leave(7).【C7】（分
9、数：2.00）A.jobB.wayC.meansD.company(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.toB.forC.withoutD.with(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.fewC.muchD.a lot(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.chanceB.basisC.purposeD.opportunity(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.applyB.appealC.stickD.turn(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.ourB.itsC.yourD.their(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.concerningB.follo
10、wingC.consideringD.disregarding(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.preferencesB.requirementsC.tendenciesD.ambitions(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.aB.anyC.noD.the(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.NeverthelessD.Moreover(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.majorityB.massC.minorityD.multitude(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.proposalB.suggestionC.co
11、nsiderationD.appraisal(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.towardsB.againstC.out ofD.without(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.turnsB.partsC.choicesD.risksIt“s not difficult to understand our desire for athletes to be heroes. On the surface, at least, athletes display a vital and indomitable spirit; they are gloriously alive【C1】
12、_their bodies. And sports do allow us to 【C2】_acts that can legitimately be described as【C3】_, thrilling, beautiful, even noble. In a (n)【C4】_ complicated and disorderly world, sports are still an arena in which we can regularly witness a certain kind of 【C5】_. Yet there“ s something of a【C6】_here,
13、for the very qualities a society【C7】_to seek in its heroes selflessness,【C8】_consciousness, and the likeare precisely the【C9】_of those which are needed to【C10】_a talented but otherwise unremarkable neighborhood kid into a Michael Jordan. To become a star athlete, you have to have an extremely compet
14、itive【C11】_and you have to be totally focused on the development of your own physical skills. These qualities【C12】_well make a great athlete,【C13】_they don“ t necessarily make a great person. On top of this, our society reinforces these【C14】_by the system it has created to produce athletes a system
15、characterized by【C15】_responsibility and enormous privilege. The athletes themselves suffer the【C16】_of this system. Trained to measure themselves perpetually 【C17】_ the achievements of those around them, many young athletes develop a sense of sociologist Walter Schafer has【C18】_ “conditional self-w
16、orth“. They learn very quickly that they will be accepted by the important figures in their livesparents, coaches and peers as long as they are【C19】_as “winner“. Unfortunately they become【C20】_and behave as if their athletic success will last forever.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.outsideB.insideC.bes
17、idesD.beside(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.depictB.witnessC.distinguishD.concentrate(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.courageousB.rigorousC.conspicuousD.gorgeous(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.respectivelyB.constantlyC.successivelyD.increasingly(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.glamourB.greatnessC.ambitionD.charm(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.paradoxB.paradiseC.gal
18、axyD.shuttle(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.triesB.risksC.tendsD.endeavors(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.socialB.communalC.hugeD.important(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.fabulousB.intactC.notoriousD.opposite(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.enforceB.interactC.transformD.distract(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.enthusiasmB.aspireC.outlookD.view(12).【C12】（分数：2.00
19、）A.mayB.canC.mustD.should(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.soB.andC.asD.but(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.voguesB.traitsC.insightsD.instincts(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.refrainedB.limitedC.avoidedD.prohibited(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.amendsB.surplusesC.bonusesD.costs(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.againstB.toC.byD.in(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.titledB
20、.termedC.suppressedD.conceptualized(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.conceivedB.affectedC.perceivedD.effected(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.conceitedB.recklessC.unanimousD.spontaneous考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 118 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.
21、Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 【C1】_should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually,【C2】_, most people make several
22、job choices during their working lives,【C3】_because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve【C4】_position. The “one perfect job“ does not exist. Young people should【C5】_enter into a broad flexible training program that will【C6】_them for a field of work rather than for a single【C7】_.
23、Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans【C8】_benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing【C9】_about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss【C10】_. Some drift from job to job. Others【C11】_to
24、work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for【C12】_real or imagined prestige. Too many high school students or their parents for them choose the professional field,【C13】_both the relatively small proportion of workers in the profes
25、sions and the extremely high educational and personal【C14】_. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar“ job is【C15】_good reason for choosing it as life“ s work.【C16】_, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual wor
26、k, the【C17】_of young people should give serious【C18】_to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 【C19】_life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want se
27、curity; others are willing to take【C20】_for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.identificationB.entertainmentC.accommodationD.occupation 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句子的意思为：因此，理想的情况就是，在中学选择课程之前甚至就应该选定一种_。Doccupation 意为“工作，职业”，符合语境，为正确选项。i
28、dentification 意为“识别，鉴定”；entertainment 意为“乐趣，娱乐”；accommodation 意为“膳宿，接待”，均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.however B.thereforeC.thoughD.thereby解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。根据上下文出现的两个对应副词 ideally(理想地)和 actually(实际上)，可以判断出上下两句为转折关系。Ahowever“然而，可是”，表示转折，符合句意，为正确选项。therefore“因此，所以”，表示因果；though“虽然，尽管”，表示让步；thereby“因此，从而”，表示因果，均不
29、符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.entirelyB.mainlyC.partly D.largely解析：解析：考查副词辨析。空格处所在句子的意思为：大多数人在其工作生涯中做过好几次选择，是为了提高他们的职位。Cpartly 意为“部分地”，与后面的 partly 对称，符合语境，为正确选项。entirely 意为“完全地，一概地”；mainly 意为“大体上，主要地”；largely 意为“主要地，大量地”，均不符合题意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.itsB.hisC.ourD.their 解析：解析：考查语篇理解。关键要确定代词指代的成分。空格处所在句子的主语为“
30、most people”，空格处代词指代此主语，因此答案为 Dtheir。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.therefore C.furthermoreD.forever解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。上文已知信息为：“完美的工作”是不存在的。下文信息为：年轻人应该参加更为广泛的培训。因为不存在一个确定完美的工作，暗示我们实际上会在不同工作之间进行选择，所以年轻人应该参加更为广泛的培训。四个选项中只有 Btherefore 表示因果关系，因此正确答案为 B。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.makeB.fit C.takeD.leave解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句子
31、的意思为：这样的项目使他们_许多种工作。fit sbfor 意为“使某人适合，使某人胜任(某工作)”，符合语境，因此 Bfit 为正确选项。make“使，使之”；take“获得，赢得”；leave“离去，脱离”，均不符合题意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.job B.wayC.meansD.company解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句子的意思为：这样的项目将使他们适合许多种工作而不是单个的_。Ajob 意为“职业，工作”，符合语境，为正确选项。way“方法，方式”；means“手段，方法”；company“公司，商号”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.toB
32、.forC.without D.with解析：解析：考查介词辨析。由句首的 Unfortunately“不幸的是”可知本句表达的是否定的意思，因此正确答案为 Cwithout。代人句中意为：不幸的是，由于没有来自能够胜任的职业顾问或心理学家的帮助，许多年轻人不得不制定求职计划。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.little B.fewC.muchD.a lot解析：解析：考查语篇理解与形容词辨析。根据本段基调(Unfortunately)，可以推知空格处所在的句意为“由于对职业方面的情况或对他们自己的了解很少”，故排除 much 与 a lot。little“很少”，修饰不可数名词；few
33、“很少”，修饰可数名词，因此正确答案为 Alittle。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.chanceB.basis C.purposeD.opportunity解析：解析：考查名词辨析。各项与 on 搭配的意思为：on the chance of“指望，期待”：onbasis“根据，基于”；on purpose“故意，特地”；opportunity 不能与“on”搭配。根据语境可知，空格处所在句子的意思为“他们基于随意的想法选择其毕生的工作”，故正确答案为 Bbasis。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.applyB.appealC.stick D.turn解析：解析：考查动
34、词短语辨析。空格处所在句子的意思为：其他人_不能令他们愉快且不适合他们的工作。stick to 意为“坚持，固守”，符合语境，故 Cstick 为正确选项。apply to“适用，应用于”，appeal to“吸引”；turn to“向求助”，均不符合题意。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.ourB.its C.yourD.their解析：解析：考查语篇理解。根据语境可知，这里指代的是“an occupation”，故选 Bits。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.concerningB.followingC.consideringD.disregarding 解析：解析：考查
35、动词辨析。空格处所在句子的意思为:_ 这些职业中工人所占的比例相对较小而对教育和个人的_却异常高的情况。Ddisregarding 意为“不管，不重视”，符合语境，为正确选项。concern 意为“关心，挂念”；follow 意为“遵循，跟随”；consider 意为“考虑，思考”，均不符合题意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.preferencesB.requirements C.tendenciesD.ambitions解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句子的意思为：对教育和个人的_却异常高的情况。根据上下文，前面强调的是相对少的工作机会，后面强调相反的概念，即“极其高的要求”
36、，Brequirements“要求”，符合语境，为正确选项。preference 意为“偏爱，嗜好”；tendency 意为“倾向，趋势”；ambition 意为“雄心，野心”，均不符合题意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.aB.anyC.no D.the解析：解析：考查词义辨析。a，any，the 均表示肯定的概念，Cno 表示否定的概念，根据语境可知，空格处所在句子的意思为：一种职业真实的或想象的声誉或一份“白领”工作不能作为选择毕生工作的理由。根据句意，只有 Cno 符合。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.Nevertheless
37、D.Moreover 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格处的上文信息为：一种职业真实的或想像的声誉或一份“白领”工作不能作为选择毕生工作的理由。下文信息为：这些工作通常并不都是高薪。上下文明显是递进关系。因此正确答案为 DMoreover“而且，此外”。Therefore“因此，所以”，表因果；however“然而，可是”，表转折；Nevertheless“然而，不过”，表转折，均不符合题意。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.majority B.massC.minorityD.multitude解析：解析：考查逻辑关系与惯用搭配。根据语境可知，空格处所在句子的意思为：因为机械和手工领域的
38、工作多，_ 年轻人应该慎重考虑这些领域。the majority of意为“大多数”，符合语境，故Amajority 为正确选项。mass“许多，大量”；minority“少数”；multitude“多数，群众”；a multitude of 意为“许多”，均不符合题意。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.proposalB.suggestionC.consideration D.appraisal解析：解析：考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，空格处所在句子的意思为：多半年轻人应该慎重_这些领域。Cconsideration 意为“深思，考虑”，符合语境，为正确选项。proposal 意为“提
39、议，建议”；suggestion 意为“提议，意见”；appraisal 意为“评价，估价”，均不符合语境。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.towardsB.againstC.out of D.without解析：解析：考查介词辨析。根据语境可知，空格处所在句子的意思为：一个人应该对他_生活中得到什么以及他愿意付出多大的艰辛去得到这种工作有一个大致的了解。Cout of 意为“从中”，符合语境，为正确选项。towards 意为“朝，对”；against 意为“相反，逆着”；without 意为“没有”，均不符合题意。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.turnsB.partsC
40、.choicesD.risks 解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，空格处所在句子的意思为：一些人希望安全，其他人愿意为了经济利益而_。take risks 意为“冒险”，符合语境，故 Drisks 为正确选项。take turns意为“转变，转机”；take part in 意为“参加”，take choice 意为“做出选择”，均不符合题意。It“s not difficult to understand our desire for athletes to be heroes. On the surface, at least, athletes display a vital
41、and indomitable spirit; they are gloriously alive【C1】_their bodies. And sports do allow us to 【C2】_acts that can legitimately be described as【C3】_, thrilling, beautiful, even noble. In a (n)【C4】_ complicated and disorderly world, sports are still an arena in which we can regularly witness a certain
42、kind of 【C5】_. Yet there“ s something of a【C6】_here, for the very qualities a society【C7】_to seek in its heroes selflessness,【C8】_consciousness, and the likeare precisely the【C9】_of those which are needed to【C10】_a talented but otherwise unremarkable neighborhood kid into a Michael Jordan. To become
43、 a star athlete, you have to have an extremely competitive【C11】_and you have to be totally focused on the development of your own physical skills. These qualities【C12】_well make a great athlete,【C13】_they don“ t necessarily make a great person. On top of this, our society reinforces these【C14】_by th
44、e system it has created to produce athletes a system characterized by【C15】_responsibility and enormous privilege. The athletes themselves suffer the【C16】_of this system. Trained to measure themselves perpetually 【C17】_ the achievements of those around them, many young athletes develop a sense of soc
45、iologist Walter Schafer has【C18】_ “conditional self-worth“. They learn very quickly that they will be accepted by the important figures in their livesparents, coaches and peers as long as they are【C19】_as “winner“. Unfortunately they become【C20】_and behave as if their athletic success will last fore
46、ver.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.outsideB.inside C.besidesD.beside解析：解析：考查介词辨析。上半句提到“On the surfaceathletes”，下半句提及“their bodies”可见上半句说的是运动员的外在，下半句说的是运动员的内在，Binside 意为“在里面”，符合语境，为正确选项。outside 意为“在外面”；beside 意为“在旁边”；besides 意为“除之外”，均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.depictB.witness C.distinguishD.concentrate解析
47、：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句子意为“运动的确能够让我们_一些行动”。Bwitness 意为“目击，见证”，符合语境，为正确答案。首段尾句也有用到“witness”，相互照应。depict 意为“描述，描绘”；distinguish 意为“辨别，分辨”；concentrate 意为“集中，专心”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.courageous B.rigorousC.conspicuousD.gorgeous解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句子意为“能够被合理地描述成为_、刺激、美丽甚至高尚的行动”，此处是层层递进的表达，故选 Acourageous，意为“勇敢的”。rigorous 意为“残酷的，严厉的”；conspicuous 意为“明显的”；gorgeous 意为“华丽的，灿烂的”，均不符合题意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.respectivelyB.constantlyC.successivelyD.increasingly 解析：解析：考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，此处要表达的意思为：在_纷繁复杂且混
