1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 113 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_You and your parents can stop worryingPasteur, Edison, Darwin and lots more we
2、re far from being geniuses in their teens. History books【B1】_mention it, but the truth is that many of our greatest figures were【B2】_“beatniks“ when they were teenagers. They were given to daydreaming, indecision, plain dullness, and they showed no【B3】_of being doctor, lawyer or Indian chief. So, yo
3、ung men and women, if you suffer from the same【B4】_, don“t despair. The world was built by men and women whose parents worried that they would “never【B5】_to a hill of beans.“ You don“t hear too much about their early failure because parents prefer to cite more【B6】_examples. If you take piano lessons
4、 and your attitude towards practicing is【B7】_by laziness, your parents might【B8】_complain and flaunt before you the famous picture of little Mozart in his ruffled nightshirt, playing the piano at midnight in the attic.【B9】_the point is, your parents would not show you a picture of a certain party wh
5、o never showed a【B10】_of interest in music during his 【B11】_years. In fact he never showed【B12】_in any direction whatever. Finally put to studying law, he【B13】_passed his final exams. It was not until he was 22 that he suddenly became fired【B14】_a great passion for music, and his name was Peter Ilyi
6、tch Tschaikowsky. In the sciences, there have been hundreds of geniuses who aimed straight at the【B15】_from earliest years, and hundreds who showed no【B16】_at all. There were the teenage Mayo brothers, who actually【B17】_their father in his crude country operating room.【B18】_, Harvey Cushing, one of
7、the world“s greatest brain surgeons, might have become a professional ballplayer if his father hadn“t【B19】_that he give【B20】_a try.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.seldomB.oftenC.alwaysD.uniquely(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.possiblyB.practicallyC.definitelyD.particularly(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.dreamsB.ambitionC.aspira
8、tionsD.promise(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.painsB.symptomsC.diseasesD.anxieties(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.jumpB.getC.climbD.amount(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.interestingB.inspiringC.fascinatingD.convincing(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.markedB.notedC.noticedD.labeled(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.justlyB.easilyC.quicklyD.slowly(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.But
9、B.AndC.AlthoughD.So(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.desireB.setC.trailD.bit(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.formativeB.remainingC.laterD.former(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.talentC.interestD.potentiality(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.nearlyB.easilyC.barelyD.rarely(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.withC.atD.by(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.statusB.go
10、alC.fameD.achievement(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.altitudeB.attitudeC.aptitudeD.gratitude(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.assistedB.supportedC.employedD.alarmed(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.In additionB.What“s moreC.On the other handD.On the contrary(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.pleadedB.askedC.guaranteedD.presumed(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.p
11、hysicsB.chemistryC.medicineD.medicationIn a family where the roles of women and men are not sharply separated, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this【B1】_leads to further sharing. In such a home, the【B2】_boy and
12、 girl learn to【B3】_the equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for【B4】_in a world characterized by cooperation【B5】_by the “battle of the sexes“. 【B6】_the process goes too far and man“s role is regarded as【B7】_important and that has happened in some caseswe are badly off
13、 as before, only【B8】_reverse. It is time to【B9】_the role of the American family. We are getting tired of “Momism“ but we don“t want to【B10】_it for a “neo-Popism“. What we need, rather, is【B11】_that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that experts on the family are【
14、B12】_of the part men play and that they have decided that woman should not receive all the【B13】_nor all the blame. We have almost【B14】_saying that a woman“s place is in the home. We are beginning,【B15】_, to analyze men“s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that pl
15、ace【B16】_to the healthy development of the child. The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to【B17】_rules, because each family needs to work to its own ways for【B18】_its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has unhappy【B19】_, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the【B
16、20】_of equal rights and equal responsibilities is connected not only with a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.by turnsB.in turnC.at lengthD.in fact(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.raisingB.developingC.growingD.shaping(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.acquireB.acceptC.respectD.accompl
17、ish(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.positionB.anticipationC.interactionD.participation(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.other thanB.in spite ofC.as well asD.rather than(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.AlthoughC.ButD.Therefore(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.lessB.moreC.veryD.no(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.inC.withD.by(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.revalueB.reassessC.re
18、assumeD.re-examine(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.recommendB.replaceC.exchangeD.supplement(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.experienceB.recognitionC.inclinationD.knowledge(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.tireB.awareC.sickD.sure(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.taskB.dutyC.creditD.need(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.turned downB.put forwardC.given upD.died aw
19、ay(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.meanwhileC.moreoverD.however(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.relativeB.inadequateC.irrelevantD.dedicated(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.lay downB.get overC.carry onD.sum up(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.analyzingB.dealingC.solvingD.facing(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.outcomesB.troublesC.consequencesD.reasons(2
20、0).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.theoryB.idealC.principleD.concept考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 113 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：You and your parents can
21、 stop worryingPasteur, Edison, Darwin and lots more were far from being geniuses in their teens. History books【B1】_mention it, but the truth is that many of our greatest figures were【B2】_“beatniks“ when they were teenagers. They were given to daydreaming, indecision, plain dullness, and they showed
22、no【B3】_of being doctor, lawyer or Indian chief. So, young men and women, if you suffer from the same【B4】_, don“t despair. The world was built by men and women whose parents worried that they would “never【B5】_to a hill of beans.“ You don“t hear too much about their early failure because parents prefe
23、r to cite more【B6】_examples. If you take piano lessons and your attitude towards practicing is【B7】_by laziness, your parents might【B8】_complain and flaunt before you the famous picture of little Mozart in his ruffled nightshirt, playing the piano at midnight in the attic.【B9】_the point is, your pare
24、nts would not show you a picture of a certain party who never showed a【B10】_of interest in music during his 【B11】_years. In fact he never showed【B12】_in any direction whatever. Finally put to studying law, he【B13】_passed his final exams. It was not until he was 22 that he suddenly became fired【B14】_
25、a great passion for music, and his name was Peter Ilyitch Tschaikowsky. In the sciences, there have been hundreds of geniuses who aimed straight at the【B15】_from earliest years, and hundreds who showed no【B16】_at all. There were the teenage Mayo brothers, who actually【B17】_their father in his crude
26、country operating room.【B18】_, Harvey Cushing, one of the world“s greatest brain surgeons, might have become a professional ballplayer if his father hadn“t【B19】_that he give【B20】_a try.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.seldom B.oftenC.alwaysD.uniquely解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。but 表转折，根据该句 but 后的句意，很多大人物小时候都是“垮掉
27、的一代”，可推知前面想表达的是，历史书极少会提及这一点，因此 A 项正确。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.possiblyB.practically C.definitelyD.particularly解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。由表转折的 but 可推知，很多大人物小时候都是“垮掉的一代”。空格需要一个表程度的副词，在四个选项中，B 项 practically“几乎，简直”最符合题意。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.dreamsB.ambitionC.aspirationsD.promise 解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据 and 之前的一系列表象：沉溺于白
28、日梦、优柔寡断、反应迟钝，可知这些都不是伟人们成为医生、律师、或是印第安酋长的“迹象”。show no promise 意为“没有(成功的)迹象”，符合题意，选 D 项。(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.painsB.symptoms C.diseasesD.anxieties解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。“如果你遭遇同样的一一，请不要绝望”。the same指代上文中提到的“沉溺于白日梦、优柔寡断、反应迟钝”，这些都是不好的“症状”，选项 B 符合文意。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.jumpB.getC.climbD.amount 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。因为上述的症状
29、表现，父母们忧虑孩子会一事无成。never amount to a hill of beans 为习惯表达，意为“没有成就，一事无成”，其余几个动词无此用法，故选 D 项。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.interestingB.inspiring C.fascinatingD.convincing解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。because 之后表明的是“父母不喜欢讲述他们早期的失败经历”的原因，父母们更喜欢引用的是正面的例子，因此 B 项“鼓舞人心的”是正确答案。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.marked B.notedC.noticedD.labeled解析：解析：
30、语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。由空格所在句，可知练琴的态度懈怠，be marked by 相当于be characterized by，意为“具有的特点”，符合题意，A 项为正确答案。(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.justly B.easilyC.quicklyD.slowly解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。如果你练琴的态度懈怠，通常父母会抱怨，这种抱怨完全是合情合理的，四个选项中A 项“正当地理由充分地”最符合句意。(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.But B.AndC.AlthoughD.So解析：解析：考查关联词。前面说到父母给你看莫扎特勤奋练习的图片，后面说的是父母从来不
31、给你看另一位年少时对音乐不感兴趣的音乐家的照片，前后是转折关系，因此选择 A 项。(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.desireB.setC.trailD.bit 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。a bit of 用在否定句中，表“一点儿”，可修饰 interest，故选 D 项。(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.formative B.remainingC.laterD.former解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。“照片里的那个人在阶段对音乐没有一点兴趣”，但他在后来成为著名的音乐家，根据句意的转折可知，A 项 formative“形成的”符合句意，formative yea
32、rs在此指“兴趣形成的时期”。(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.abilityB.talent C.interestD.potentiality解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。上文谈到他从没有对音乐表现出一点儿兴趣，接着用 In fact更进一步来说这个人从来没有显示出任何方面的“天资”，因此 B 项正确。(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.nearlyB.easilyC.barely D.rarely解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。既然他在任何方面都 never showed talent，故想通过法律专业的毕业考试必定有难度。C 项意为“勉强”，放入句子符合逻辑。
33、(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.awayB.with C.atD.by解析：解析：固定搭配题。文中说的是这个年轻人在 22 岁时才对音乐充满激情，fire sbwith sth“使某人充满(激情)”，B 项正确。(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.statusB.goal C.fameD.achievement解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据句意，很多科学家很早就向着而奋斗，B 项“目标”符合句意。(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.altitudeB.attitudeC.aptitude D.gratitude解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查形近词辨析。前文说的是
34、有成百上千的天才自年幼之时就朝着远大目标而奋斗，后面紧接着的是对比，说也有很多天才年少时并没有显露出他们的过人天资，这一点也可根据后面的例证推知，因此可知 C 项“天资，才能”正确。(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.assisted B.supportedC.employedD.alarmed解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。由关键词 operating room“手术室”，可推知梅奥兄弟肯定是给父亲帮忙，所以选择 A 项。(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.In additionB.What“s moreC.On the other hand D.On the contra
35、ry解析：解析：考查关联词。空格前一句话说的是梅奥兄弟很早就在手术室给父亲帮忙，说明有的名人很早就开始了自己赖以成名的事业；后一句说的是另一个医生的故事：要不是他父亲让他去学医的话，他本可能成为一名球员，因此前后是对照关系，正确答案选 C 项。(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.pleaded B.askedC.guaranteedD.presumed解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。might have done 意为“本来有可能做”，根据上下文，“要不是他父亲，他本来可能会成为一名职业球员”。在四个选项中，A 项“恳求”最符合题意。(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.phy
36、sicsB.chemistryC.medicine D.medication解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。根据上文的 brain surgeon 可知，他父亲要他尝试学医，所以选 C 项。In a family where the roles of women and men are not sharply separated, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this【B1
37、】_leads to further sharing. In such a home, the【B2】_boy and girl learn to【B3】_the equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for【B4】_in a world characterized by cooperation【B5】_by the “battle of the sexes“. 【B6】_the process goes too far and man“s role is regarded as【B7】_im
38、portant and that has happened in some caseswe are badly off as before, only【B8】_reverse. It is time to【B9】_the role of the American family. We are getting tired of “Momism“ but we don“t want to【B10】_it for a “neo-Popism“. What we need, rather, is【B11】_that bringing up children involves a partnership
39、 of equals. There are signs that experts on the family are【B12】_of the part men play and that they have decided that woman should not receive all the【B13】_nor all the blame. We have almost【B14】_saying that a woman“s place is in the home. We are beginning,【B15】_, to analyze men“s place in the home an
40、d to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place【B16】_to the healthy development of the child. The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to【B17】_rules, because each family needs to work to its own ways for【B18】_its own problems. Excessive authoritarianism has un
41、happy【B19】_, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the【B20】_of equal rights and equal responsibilities is connected not only with a healthy democracy, but also with a healthy family.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.by turnsB.in turn C.at lengthD.in fact解析：解析：固定搭配题。文中的 this 指前面提到的 equality，可见 sharing
42、和 equality 是相互促进的关系，in turn 意为“反过来”，与句意相符。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.raisingB.developingC.growing D.shaping解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。填入的内容词修饰 boy and girl，四个选项均含有“成长，发展”的含义，形容正在成长的孩子，一般会用 growing 一词，此题选 C 项。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.acquireB.accept C.respectD.accomplish解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。equality 指“平等观念”，空格所在句的意思是：在这样的家庭
43、里，孩子要比他们的父母更容易平等观念。孩子们在成长中会接受某种观念，所以 B 项符合题意。(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.positionB.anticipationC.interactionD.participation 解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。“孩子们会做好更充分的准备来这个世界。个人与世界之间的关系应该是“参与”，所以答案为 D 项。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.other thanB.in spite ofC.as well asD.rather than 解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。空格前说的是合作，空格后说的是“性别战争”，二者是相反或相对的关
44、系，因此选择 D 项“而不是”。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.If B.AlthoughC.ButD.Therefore解析：解析：考查关联词。抓住破折号后面关键句：我们就会和从前一样，重新陷入困境，可推断破折号之前应为某些假设的情况，因此答案选 A 项。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.less B.moreC.veryD.no解析：解析：语义逻辑题。因为现在还是男尊女卑，在改变这种状况的过程中，如果我们做得过火，就会导致女尊男卑，即男性地位不如女性重要，因此 A 项正确。(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.in C.withD.by解析：解析：固定搭配题。revers
45、e 只能与介词 in 搭配，表示相反的情况，B 为正确答案。(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.revalueB.reassess C.reassumeD.re-examine解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。该空格所在句为该段的总起句，可以根据下文的分述来判断答案。作者随后提到人们已经厌倦了“老妈主义”，又不想要“新老爸主义”，可见这里应填入一个表示“重新评估，重新定位”含义的动词，B 项符合句意。(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.recommendB.replaceC.exchange D.supplement解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析兼固定搭配。该空所在句的前后部
46、分为转折关系(but)，可知“老妈主义”和“老爸主义”都不是我们想要的，exchange for 意为“用交换”，即“也不想用新老爸主义取而代之”，C 项正确。(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.experienceB.recognition C.inclinationD.knowledge解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。上一句不支持家庭中任何一方占据支配地位，本句进一步说，相反，孩子成长涉及到平等的两性之间的合作，人们必须认识到这一点，因此答案选 B 项。(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.tireB.aware C.sickD.sure解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析
47、兼短语搭配。根据关键词 signs“迹象”，说明研究家庭方面的专家已经认识到男性在家庭中扮演的角色，故选 B 项。(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.taskB.dutyC.credit D.need解析：解析：语义逻辑题，考查词义辨析。理解重点在于抓住破折号后的关键词 blame(责骂)，notnor 连接两个表否定意思的并列句，可见填入的内容与 blame 相对，即 C 项“赞扬”。(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.turned downB.put forwardC.given up D.died away解析：解析：固定搭配题。后一句说到人们已经开始考虑男人在家中的地位，因此可推知人们已经不再认为女人应该待在家里，give up 可以指“放弃”某种说法，因此正确答案为 C 项。其他选项放在句中意思不对。(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.meanwhileC.moreoverD.however 解析：解析：考查关联词。空格前一句说的是人们已经不再认为女人应待在家中，而本句说的是人们开始考虑男人在家庭里的作用，前后是一种转折关系，因此答案为 D 项。(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.relativeB.inadequateC.irrelevant
