1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 112 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_In a lab in Oxford University“s experimental psychology department, researcher
2、 Roi Cohen Kadosh is testing a relatively new brain-stimulation technique which may help people learn and improve their understanding of math concepts. The electrodes (a small piece of metal or other substance that is used to take an electric current) are【C1】_in a tightly fitted cap and worn around
3、the head. The device, run off a 9-volt battery commonly used in smoke detectors, induces only a【C2】_current and can be targeted to【C3】_areas of the brain or applied generally. The mild current reduces the【C4】_of side effects, which has【C5】_possibilities about using it, even in individuals【C6】_a diso
4、rder, as a general cognitive【C7】_. Scientists also are investigating its use to treat mood disorders and【C8】_conditions. Dr. Cohen Kadosh“s【C9】_work on learning enhancement and brain stimulation is one example of the long journey faced by scientists【C10】_ brain-stimulation and cognitive-stimulation
5、techniques. 【C11】_other researchers in the community, he has dealt with public【C12】_about safety and side effects, plus【C13】_from other scientists about whether these findings would hold in the wider population. There are also ethical questions about the technique. 【C14】_it truly works to enhance co
6、gnitive performance, should it be【C15】_to anyone who can afford to buy the devicewhich already is【C16】_for sale in the U.S.? Should parents be able to perform such stimulation on their kids without【C17】_? “It“s early days but that hasn“t stopped some companies from【C18】_ the device and marketing it
7、as a learning tool,“ Dr. Cohen Kadosh says. “Be very【C19】_ .“ However, if the technique continues to show【C20】_, “this type of method may have a chance to be the new drug of the 21st century,“ says Dr. Cohen Kadosh.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.soldB.formedC.placedD.dedicated(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.gentle
8、B.extremeC.strongD.coward(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.superficialB.specialC.especialD.specific(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.benefitB.riskC.importanceD.disaster(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.opened upB.caught onC.ruled outD.cut down(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.byB.withC.throughD.without(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.browserB.modifierC.enhancerD.learner(8
9、).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.othersB.anotherC.someD.other(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.demandingB.pioneeringC.alarmingD.confusing(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.acquiringB.avoidingC.studyingD.receiving(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.likeB.ForC.UnlikeD.By(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.attentionsB.interestsC.concernsD.cares(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.skepticismB
10、.criticismC.encouragementD.indifference(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ShouldB.UnlessC.IfD.Lest(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.desirableB.portableC.sensibleD.accessible(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.recognizableB.availableC.countableD.valuable(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.surveyingB.learningC.contributingD.monitoring(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.de
11、coratingB.buyingC.sellingD.researching(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.carefulB.considerateC.carelessD.casual(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.phenomenonB.promiseC.interestD.dissatisfactionMarriage may improve your sleep, and better sleep may improve your marriage, two new studies suggest. Women who are married or who have
12、stable partners 【C1】_ to sleep better than women who have【C2】_ a partner, according to research from an eight-year study【C3】_at the Associated Professional Sleep Societies annual meeting. They also found that marital 【C4】_lowers the risk of sleep problems, 【C5】_ marital disharmony heightens the risk
13、 and women who were single at the start of the study but gained a partner had more【C6】_sleep than women who were【C7】_married. The study included 360 middle-aged women. Researchers used in-home sleep studies, activity monitors to【C8】_sleep-wake patterns and relationship histories to look at the【C9】_o
14、f stable marriages, unstable marriages and marital changes, such as a【C10】_had on sleep. Another small study of 29 couples found that on a【C11】_basis, the quality of a couple“s relationship and the quality of their sleep are closely linked. In that study, from the University of Arizona, 29 couples w
15、ho【C12】_a bed and did not have children【C13】_sleep and relationship diaries for fifteen days. The results showed that 【C14】_men get better sleep, they are more likely to feel 【C15】_about their relationship the next day. 【C16】_ for women, problems in the relationship were strongly【C17】_ with poor sle
16、ep for both themselves and their partner. The【C18】_from both studies suggest that sleep and relationship happiness are closely linked. The lesson for couples,【C19】_those who are struggling with problems, is that paying attention to sleep habits may help【C20】_other issues in the relationship.（分数：40.0
17、0）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.lookB.accustomC.appearD.desire(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.forgottenB.lostC.recalledD.left(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.conveyedB.presentedC.utteredD.addressed(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.breakdownB.happinessC.statusD.disagreement(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.orB.andC.whileD.as(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.helplessB.peacefulC.rest
18、lessD.fearful(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.newlyB.latelyC.alreadyD.recently(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.describeB.attackC.ascribeD.track(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.powerB.effectC.pressureD.function(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.quarrelB.disasterC.divorceD.departure(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.dailyB.weeklyC.monthlyD.annual(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.dum
19、pedB.splitC.sharedD.spared(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.compiledB.completedC.prescribedD.scratched(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.beforeB.untilC.unlessD.when(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.passiveB.activeC.positiveD.sensitive(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Nevertheless(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.compliedB.associatedC.bound
20、D.contacted(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.detailsB.dataC.samplesD.phenomena(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.especiallyB.speciallyC.peculiarlyD.exactly(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.respondB.dissolveC.deleteD.solve考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 112 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read
21、 the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：In a lab in Oxford University“s experimental psychology department, researcher Roi Cohen Kadosh is testing a relatively new brain-stimulation technique which may help people learn and improve the
22、ir understanding of math concepts. The electrodes (a small piece of metal or other substance that is used to take an electric current) are【C1】_in a tightly fitted cap and worn around the head. The device, run off a 9-volt battery commonly used in smoke detectors, induces only a【C2】_current and can b
23、e targeted to【C3】_areas of the brain or applied generally. The mild current reduces the【C4】_of side effects, which has【C5】_possibilities about using it, even in individuals【C6】_a disorder, as a general cognitive【C7】_. Scientists also are investigating its use to treat mood disorders and【C8】_conditio
24、ns. Dr. Cohen Kadosh“s【C9】_work on learning enhancement and brain stimulation is one example of the long journey faced by scientists【C10】_ brain-stimulation and cognitive-stimulation techniques. 【C11】_other researchers in the community, he has dealt with public【C12】_about safety and side effects, pl
25、us【C13】_from other scientists about whether these findings would hold in the wider population. There are also ethical questions about the technique. 【C14】_it truly works to enhance cognitive performance, should it be【C15】_to anyone who can afford to buy the devicewhich already is【C16】_for sale in th
26、e U.S.? Should parents be able to perform such stimulation on their kids without【C17】_? “It“s early days but that hasn“t stopped some companies from【C18】_ the device and marketing it as a learning tool,“ Dr. Cohen Kadosh says. “Be very【C19】_ .“ However, if the technique continues to show【C20】_, “thi
27、s type of method may have a chance to be the new drug of the 21st century,“ says Dr. Cohen Kadosh.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.soldB.formedC.placed D.dedicated解析：解析：本句中出现了 cap 和 worn，说明 electrodes 是通过 cap 被戴在头上。根据生活常识，electrodes 只能被 placed in(放置在)帽子里，然后再戴上。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.gentle B.extremeC.strong
28、D.coward解析：解析：此处需要一个形容词来修饰 current，根据上文中出现的 a 9-volt battery(9 伏的电池)，可推断出，这里的电流应该是很小的。下文提及 the current 时使用 mild(温和的)形容，进一步印证了答案。故选 A 项 gentle“温和的，微弱的”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.superficialB.specialC.especialD.specific 解析：解析：此处意为“这种电流可以针对脑部的区域或普遍适用”。本句中的 or 是个关键词，它所联系的两个关联词组具有相反的逻辑关系。因此，我们需要找一个与 generally 意
29、思相反的词。D 项specific“特定的，明确的”符合要求。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.benefitB.risk C.importanceD.disaster解析：解析：文中强调电流较为微弱(mild)，越是弱的电流对人的身体相对越安全。由此可推断。此电流可以降低出现 side effect 的可能性。选项中具有“出现消极后果的可能性”语义的只有 B 项 risk“风险”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.opened up B.caught onC.ruled outD.cut down解析：解析：本句中，which 引导的从句陈述了主句所导致的后果，因此，主、从句存在逻辑
30、上的因果关系。上文提到“它降低了副作用的风险”，推断导致的结果为使用它成为可能”，故选 A 项 opened up“打开”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.byB.withC.throughD.without 解析：解析：上文提到“它减少了副作用的”，在提到使用本设备的群体时。作者使用 even 表达了一种递进关系，强调更多的人，故推断此处是表“没有认知障碍的人”，选 D 项 without“没有”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.browserB.modifierC.enhancer D.learner解析：解析：本文第 l 段的主题句指出，它可能可以帮助人们学习。第 3 段对科
31、恩博士工作进行总结时提到“他在学习促进方面的工作”。因此，可知这种设备对于“认知”是有“促进”作用的，故选 C 项enhancer“促进器”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.othersB.anotherC.someD.other 解析：解析：and 连接两个并列成份作 treat 的宾语，因此 mood disorders(情绪障碍)和_conditions 有着对等的词义。mood disorders 是治疗的疾病中的一种，所以 and 后面则只能用other conditions，指除“情绪障碍”外的所有没有细说的情况。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.demandingB.p
32、ioneering C.alarmingD.confusing解析：解析：此处需要一个形容词对科恩博士的工作性质作一个大概的总结。第 1 段提到，我们发现这是一个新技术，可能可以促进对数学概念的理解。第 2 段中也提到这项技术在很多方面取得了突破。综合这些信息，科恩博士的工作应该是 pioneering“首创的，先驱的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.acquiringB.avoidingC.studying D.receiving解析：解析：空格填人的现在分词作后置定语修饰 scientists(科学家)，空格前提到“科恩卡多什博士在学习促进和大脑刺激方面所做的工作是一个例子”。
33、故推断，空格处应填入与 work on“在方面的工作”近义的词，故选 C 项 studying“研究”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.like B.ForC.UnlikeD.By解析：解析：上一句提到“他的工作反映了所有研究的科学家们所面临的漫长征途”，本句承接上一句而言，故推断他的情况跟许多科学家一样，所以选 A 项 Like“像，如同”。与上文中的 his work is one example 相呼应。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.attentionsB.interestsC.concerns D.cares解析：解析：我们发现空格所缺的词是公众对安全性和副作用的
34、一种态度，而这也是科学家们需要去解决的。根据 side effects 等消极信息，推断答案应为贬义词。C 项 concerns“担忧”符合语义要求，且能跟 about 的搭配。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.skepticism B.criticismC.encouragementD.indifference解析：解析：plus 是答题关键词，说明空格中的名词和上文提到的 publicabout safety and side effect 一样，也应为具有贬义的词。结合下文“这些发现在更广泛人群中能否有效”，可确定这是其他科学家的 skepticism“怀疑”，故选 A 项。(1
35、4).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ShouldB.UnlessC.If D.Lest解析：解析：第 1 段主题句提到，“他可能会(may)帮助人们学习或提高”，故判断“它真能够增强人的认知表现，并没有已经被证明而只是作者的一种假设。因此应选表假设的 if。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.desirableB.portableC.sensibleD.accessible 解析：解析：本段第 l 句为段落主题句，提出这项技术还存在着 ethical questions(凭处方出售的问题)，既然是有关“凭处方出售”的问题，答案应为 D 项 accessible“容易得到的”，此处意为“
36、不是每个人都可以买的，须凭处方购买”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.recognizableB.available C.countableD.valuable解析：解析：上文提到 afford to buy the device(买得起这个设备)，之后用 which 引导从句对device 进行进一步的说明。从句中的 already isfor sale 给我们提示，它已经有售了。因此选 B 项available“可得到的”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.surveyingB.learningC.contributingD.monitoring 解析：解析：本句是对上文
37、“这项技术也存在着凭处方出售的问题”进行说明的第二个例子。既然是需要处方的。那当“父母为他们的孩子实施这样的刺激时”，此处应为是否应该有 monitor“监督”的疑问，故选 D。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.decoratingB.buyingC.selling D.researching解析：解析：句中的 and 说明_the device 与 marketing it 之间是并列的关联关系。选项中与marketing(行销，销售)相关的只有 C 项 selling“销售，出售”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.careful B.considerateC.carele
38、ssD.casual解析：解析：上文提到“研究还处于初步阶段，但一些公司已经在销售这种设备”。对于这种不太安全的做法，科恩博士的建议应为 be careful“小心的”才符合逻辑，故选 A。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.phenomenonB.promise C.interestD.dissatisfaction解析：解析：下文提到“这样一种疗法可能就有机会成为 2l 世纪的新药”，这是一种积极信息，因此本空所在的 if 从句“这项技术继续展现出”应是表示引出积极结果的意思。因此选 B 项 promise“希望”。Marriage may improve your sleep, a
39、nd better sleep may improve your marriage, two new studies suggest. Women who are married or who have stable partners 【C1】_ to sleep better than women who have【C2】_ a partner, according to research from an eight-year study【C3】_at the Associated Professional Sleep Societies annual meeting. They also
40、found that marital 【C4】_lowers the risk of sleep problems, 【C5】_ marital disharmony heightens the risk and women who were single at the start of the study but gained a partner had more【C6】_sleep than women who were【C7】_married. The study included 360 middle-aged women. Researchers used in-home sleep
41、 studies, activity monitors to【C8】_sleep-wake patterns and relationship histories to look at the【C9】_of stable marriages, unstable marriages and marital changes, such as a【C10】_had on sleep. Another small study of 29 couples found that on a【C11】_basis, the quality of a couple“s relationship and the
42、quality of their sleep are closely linked. In that study, from the University of Arizona, 29 couples who【C12】_a bed and did not have children【C13】_sleep and relationship diaries for fifteen days. The results showed that 【C14】_men get better sleep, they are more likely to feel 【C15】_about their relat
43、ionship the next day. 【C16】_ for women, problems in the relationship were strongly【C17】_ with poor sleep for both themselves and their partner. The【C18】_from both studies suggest that sleep and relationship happiness are closely linked. The lesson for couples,【C19】_those who are struggling with prob
44、lems, is that paying attention to sleep habits may help【C20】_other issues in the relationship.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.lookB.accustomC.appear D.desire解析：解析：文章首句提及“婚姻或许可以改善你的睡眠质量”，因此推断“有伴侣的女性”或许会比“没伴侣的女性”睡得更好，故此处需填入表“或许会”含义的短语，C 项代人，appear to“似乎”符合要求，与首句的 may 呼应。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.forgottenB.lost
45、 C.recalledD.left解析：解析：本句承接上文的“婚姻或许可以改善你的睡眠质量”，对比的对象应为“有伴侣的女性”和“没有伴侣的女性”，因此应选表示“没有”含义的词，故选 B 项 lost“失去”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.conveyedB.presented C.utteredD.addressed解析：解析：此句意思为“在联合专业睡眠协会年会上_的一项为期八年的研究显示”，B 项present“展现”代入空格，句意通顺，此处由于是过去分词作后置定语，故应加 ed。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.breakdownB.happiness C.statusD.di
46、sagreement解析：解析：根据空格后的 lowers the risk of sleep problems(降低睡眠问题的风险)，可推断上文是指婚姻处于“积极的”状态，故选 B 项 happiness“幸福”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.orB.andC.while D.as解析：解析：空格前后是婚姻幸福和不幸福两种情况的对照，故选 C 项 while“而”，用于表示这种对照关系。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.helplessB.peacefulC.restless D.fearful解析：解析：文章首句提到“婚姻有利于睡眠”，故推断未婚但有伴侣的女性睡眠质量不如已婚女
47、性，C项 restless“得不到休息的”符合要求，代入表示“不良的睡眠”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.newlyB.latelyC.already D.recently解析：解析：根据 than 前后对比，前面说在研究开始时尚未结婚的女性，那后面对应的是研究开始时已经结婚的女性，故选 C 项 already“已经”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.describeB.attackC.ascribeD.track 解析：解析：此处的宾语是“睡眠周期以及夫妻关系的发展情况”，结合空格前的 activity monitors(活动监测仪)，故选 D 项 track“追踪”最合适。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.powerB.effect C.pressureD.function解析：解析：此处是作 look at 的宾语，此研究是用于论证首句的 Marriage may improve your sleep，这是婚姻状况对睡眠的“影响”，故选 B 项 effect“影响”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.quarrelB.disasterC.divorce D.departure解析：解析：空格是对空格前的“婚姻状态变化”举例，四个选项中只有 C 项 d
