1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 104 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The Earth“s daily clock, measured in a single revolution, is twenty-four hours
2、. The human clock,【C1】_, is actually about twenty-five hours. That“ s 【C2】_ scientists who study sleep have determined from human subjects who live for several weeks in observation chambers with no【C3】_of day or night. Sleep researchers have【C4】_other surprising discoveries as well.We spend about on
3、e-third of our lives asleep, a fact that suggests sleeping, 【C5】_eating and breathing, is a fundamental life process. Yet some people almost never sleep, getting by on as 【C6】_as fifteen minutes a day. And more than seventy years of【C7】_ into sleep deprivation, in which people have been kept 【C8】_fo
4、r three to ten days, has【C9】_ only one certain finding: Sleep loss makes a person sleepy and that“ s about all; it causes no lasting ill【C10】_ . Too much sleep, however, may be 【C11】_ for you. These findings【C12】_some long-held views of sleep, and they【C13】_questions about its fundamental purpose in
5、 our lives. In【C14】_, scientists don“t know just why sleep is necessary. Some scientists think sleep is more the result of evolutionary habit than【C15】_actual need, Animals sleep for some parts of the day perhaps because it is the 【C16】_thing for them to do: it keeps them【C17】_ and hidden from preda
6、tors; it“s a survival tactic. Before the advent of electricity, humans had to spend at least some of each day in【C18】_and had little reason to question the reason or need for【C19】_. But the development of the electroencephalograph and the resulting discovery in 1937 of dramatic【C20】_ in brain activi
7、ty between sleep and wakefulness opened the way for scientific inquiry in the subject.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.howeverB.otherwiseC.likewiseD.therefore(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.theB.whatC.becauseD.many(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ideaB.feelingC.senseD.judgment(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.come up againstB.come down toC.come
8、 up withD.come up to(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.withB.likeC.unlikeD.as(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.muchC.fewD.long(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.probeB.investigationC.researchD.examination(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.asleepB.sleepyC.activeD.awake(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.ignoredB.yieldedC.recognizedD.excluded(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.effectsB.
9、affectionsC.influencesD.impacts(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.usefulB.goodC.badD.harmful(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.challengeB.denyC.doubtD.dispute(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.evadeB.settleC.raiseD.release(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.additionB.factC.lineD.short(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.fromB.anC.theD.of(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.worstB.bestC.
10、onlyD.natural(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.comfortableB.calmC.quietD.excited(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.coldnessB.warmthC.darknessD.shade(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.sleepB.workC.foodD.clothes(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.differencesB.similaritiesC.resemblanceD.oppositesOne factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. M
11、ood may be defined 【C1】_a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied 【C2】_ any particular circumstance. Moods should be 【C3】_ from emotions which are usually more intense, 【C4】_ to specific circumstances, and often conscious. 【C5】_one sense, the effect of a cons
12、umer“s mood can be thought of in【C6】_the same way as can our reactions to the【C7】_ of our friendswhen our friends are happy and “up“, that tends to influence us positively, 【C8】_when they are “down“, that can have a【C9】_ impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a【C10】_mood state tend to re
13、act to stimuli in a direction 【C11】_with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see 【C12】_in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a 【C13】_manner than they would when not in such a state.【C14】_ , mood states appear capable of【C15】_a consumer“ s memory. Moods appear to b
14、e 【C16】_ influenced by marketing techniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 【C17】_of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the 【C18】_of time spent in supermarkets or【C19】_to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers“ moods which, in【C20】_, are capable of i
15、nfluencing consumers“ reactions to products.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.asB.aboutC.byD.with(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.overB.underC.toD.up(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.derivedB.descendedC.divideD.distinguished(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.relatedB.referredC.attachedD.associated(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.OnB.InC.OfD.By(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.
16、thusB.muchC.evenD.still(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.signalB.gestureC.viewD.behavior(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.forB.butC.unlessD.provided(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.relativeB.decisiveC.negativeD.sensitive(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.givenB.grantedC.fixedD.driven(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.resistantB.persistentC.insistentD.consistent(12).【C12
17、】（分数：2.00）A.consumersB.retailersC.businessmenD.manufacturers(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.casualB.criticalC.seriousD.favorable(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.MoreoverD.Nevertheless(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.liftingB.enhancingC.raisingD.cultivating(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.readilyB.rarelyC.cautiouslyD.currently
18、(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.stepB.speedC.bandD.volume(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.extentB.amountC.scopeD.range(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.facilitiesB.capacitiesC.reflectionsD.intentions(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.turnB.totalC.detailD.depth考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 104 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I U
19、se of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The Earth“s daily clock, measured in a single revolution, is twenty-four hours. The human clock,【C1】_, is actually about twenty-five hours. That“ s 【C2】_ scientists w
20、ho study sleep have determined from human subjects who live for several weeks in observation chambers with no【C3】_of day or night. Sleep researchers have【C4】_other surprising discoveries as well.We spend about one-third of our lives asleep, a fact that suggests sleeping, 【C5】_eating and breathing, i
21、s a fundamental life process. Yet some people almost never sleep, getting by on as 【C6】_as fifteen minutes a day. And more than seventy years of【C7】_ into sleep deprivation, in which people have been kept 【C8】_for three to ten days, has【C9】_ only one certain finding: Sleep loss makes a person sleepy
22、 and that“ s about all; it causes no lasting ill【C10】_ . Too much sleep, however, may be 【C11】_ for you. These findings【C12】_some long-held views of sleep, and they【C13】_questions about its fundamental purpose in our lives. In【C14】_, scientists don“t know just why sleep is necessary. Some scientists
23、 think sleep is more the result of evolutionary habit than【C15】_actual need, Animals sleep for some parts of the day perhaps because it is the 【C16】_thing for them to do: it keeps them【C17】_ and hidden from predators; it“s a survival tactic. Before the advent of electricity, humans had to spend at l
24、east some of each day in【C18】_and had little reason to question the reason or need for【C19】_. But the development of the electroencephalograph and the resulting discovery in 1937 of dramatic【C20】_ in brain activity between sleep and wakefulness opened the way for scientific inquiry in the subject.（分
25、数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.however B.otherwiseC.likewiseD.therefore解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。此处句意为“以一次单独的旋转来测量，地球每天的时钟是 24 小时。 人类的时钟实际大约是 25 小时。”根据上下文的意思以及提示词 actually，可以判断出本句与上句是转折关系。所以，正确答案是 Ahowever。otherwise“否则，不然”，likewise“照样，而且”，therefore“总之，因此”，均不符合题意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.theB.what C.becauseD.many解析：解析：考查语法
26、知识。句子的谓语是 is，空格处缺的必然是一个连词或关系词。Bwhat 是关系代词，在从句中作表语，符合题意。what 引导的这个表语从句比较复杂：who study sleep 是定语从句，修饰 scientists；定语从句 who live for several weeksday or night 修饰先行词 human subjects。故Bwhat 为正确答案。because 是连词，表示原因。其他两项明显不符合题意，故排除。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ideaB.feelingC.sense D.judgment解析：解析：考查名词辨析+固定搭配。此处句意为“这些受试者
27、在观察室里住几个星期，_白天和黑夜”。四个选项中可以和 with no_of 搭配的只有 idea 和 sense。idea“念头，想法，主意”，sense“由刺激产生的感觉或知觉”。根据上下文，Csense 符合题意，为正确答案。feeling 多指由感情、情绪或欲望引起的情绪状态，judgment“判断，审判”，均不符合题意，故排除。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.come up againstB.come down toC.come up with D.come up to解析：解析：考查短语辨析。此处句意为“睡眠研究者们还_了其他令人惊讶的发现”。come up against
28、指突然或意外碰到困难或反对等，come down to“归结为”，come up with“提出，拿出，发现”，come up to“比得上，达到”。根据意思，Ccome up with 符合题意，为正确答案。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.withB.like C.unlikeD.as解析：解析：考查介词辨析。空格处的介词体现的是 sleeping 和 eating and breathing 的关系。从上下文得知“睡眠是最重要的生命过程”。根据我们的常识，吃饭、呼吸和睡眠一样重要。故 Blike 符合题意，为正确答案。with“和，跟；随着；关于”，unlike“不像”，as“作为，
29、以的身份”，均不符合题意。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.little B.muchC.fewD.long解析：解析：考查上下文语义。此处句意为“然而一些人几乎从来不睡觉，一天_1 5 分钟就可以了”。根据前文的提示 almost never sleep，我们可直接选出正确答案 Alittle。其他三项均不符合题意，故排除。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.probeB.investigationC.research D.examination解析：解析：考查名词辨析。四个选项都可以和 into 搭配，都含“调查，研究，探索”的意思。probe是新闻用语，指广泛而彻底的调查；inve
30、stigation 指详尽的调查，以弄清事实真相；research 指科学家为了发现新的事实从原始资料开始进行的调查或研究；examination 强调详细观察或检验某事以求了解其真实情况。故 Cresearch 符合题意，为正确答案。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.asleepB.sleepyC.activeD.awake 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此处句意为“在一项长达 70 多年对睡眠缺乏的研究中，让人们 3 至 10 天不睡觉，”。根据上文 sleep deprivation 和下文 sleep loss 的提示，可知 Dawake“醒着的；失眠的”符合题意，为正确答案。asl
31、eep“睡着的；休眠的”，sleepy“欲睡的；困乏的”，active“积极的，活跃的”，均不符合题意。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.ignoredB.yielded C.recognizedD.excluded解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处句意为“在一项长达 70 多年对睡眠缺乏的研究中，让人们 3 至 10 天不睡觉，_一个肯定的结果：缺乏睡眠让人犯困，仅此而已”。空格所在句的主语为 research，宾语为 finding，故 Byielded“产生(结果)；得出(信息)”符合题意，为正确答案。ignore“忽略”，recognize“认可，承认”，exclude“排除，不包括”
32、，均不符合题意，故排除。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.effects B.affectionsC.influencesD.impacts解析：解析：考查同定搭配。此处句意为“缺乏睡眠让人犯困，仅此而已；没有长期的_”。ill effects 为同定搭配，意为“副作用，负面影响”。故 Aeffects 符合题意，为正确答案。affection“喜爱；喜欢”，influence“影响，势力”，impact“影响，作用”，均无此用法，故排除。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.usefulB.goodC.bad D.harmful解析：解析：考查上下文语义。根据上下文和常识，可以首
33、先排除 useful 和 good；bad 后面跟名词或代词时，常见的搭配是 be bad for；harmful 后面跟名词或代词时，常见的搭配是 be harmful to。故Cbad 符合题意，为正确答案。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.challenge B.denyC.doubtD.dispute解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处句意为“这些发现_了一些关于睡眠长期持有的观点”。challenge“质询(某人某事的合法性、正确性)”，deny“否认；否定；拒绝相信”，doubt“怀疑，拿不准”，dispute“争论，辩论；驳斥”。故 Achallenge 符合题意，为正确答案。
34、(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.evadeB.settleC.raise D.release解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处句意为“这些发现质疑了一些关于睡眠长期持有的观点，也_了有关睡眠在我们生命中基本作用的问题”。Craise“提起，提出(问题、反对等)”符合题意，为正确答案。evade“躲避，避开”，settle“解决，安排”，release“释放，放出”均不符合题意，故排除。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.additionB.fact C.lineD.short解析：解析：考查短语辨析。此处句意为“_，科学家只是不知道为什么睡眠是必要的”。in 与四个选项都可构成短语
35、。in addition“又，另外”，表示递进；in fact“事实是，事实上”，表示转折；in line“成一直线，成一排”；in short“总之”，表示总结。故 Bfact 符合题意，为正确答案。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.fromB.anC.theD.of 解析：解析：考查介词辨析。此处句意为“一些科学家认为，与其说睡眠是进化习惯的结果，倒不如说是实际需要的结果”。than 前后的结构必然是平行对称的，所以可以很容易地补全空格前省略掉的词，即：the result of evolutionary habit than(the result)of actual need，故
36、 Dof 符合题意，为正确答案。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.worstB.best C.onlyD.natural解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此处句意为“动物在一天中的某些时候睡觉，可能是因为睡觉对于它们来说是_的事”。根据下文的 hidden from predators(躲开食肉动物)，its a survival tactic(这是一条生存策略)可知 Bbest 符合题意，为正确答案。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.comfortableB.calmC.quiet D.excited解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此处句意为“睡觉让他们保持_、躲开食肉动物；这是一条生
37、存策略”。根据常识可知，睡眠时，动物是安静的。故 C。quiet 符合题意，为正确答案。首先可以排除excited，因为根据上下文和常识，睡眠不可能使动物兴奋、激动。comfortable“舒服的”，calm“冷静的”，均不及 C 项合适，故排除。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.coldnessB.warmthC.darkness D.shade解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此处句意为“在发明电以前，人们至少在每天的某些时候不得不生活在_中”。根据上文 Before the advent of electricity(在发明电以前)和常识，可以直接选出正确答案 Cdarkness。col
38、dness“冷，冷淡”，warmth“温暖，暖和”，shade“阴凉处，背阴”，均不符合题意，故排除。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.sleep B.workC.foodD.clothes解析：解析：考查上下文语义。此处句意为“在发现电以前，人们至少在每天的某些时候不得不生活在黑暗中，所以人们没什么理由去质疑_的原因和需要”。根据上下文，可知 Asleep 符合题意，为正确答案。work“工作”，food“食物”，clothes“衣服”，均不符合题意，故排除。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.differences B.similaritiesC.resemblanceD.o
39、pposites解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此处句意为“但是，脑电图仪的发展以及人们 1937 的发现大脑活动在睡眠状态和清醒状态下存在着巨大的_，为睡眠这一课题的科学研究开辟了道路”。根据上下文和常识，可知 Adifferences“差别，差异”符合题意，为正确答案。similarity“相似性”，resemblance“相似之处，类似之处“，opposite“对立面，对立物”，均不符合题意，故排除。One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state. Mood may be defined 【C1】_a temporary
40、and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied 【C2】_ any particular circumstance. Moods should be 【C3】_ from emotions which are usually more intense, 【C4】_ to specific circumstances, and often conscious. 【C5】_one sense, the effect of a consumer“s mood can be thought of in【C6】
41、_the same way as can our reactions to the【C7】_ of our friendswhen our friends are happy and “up“, that tends to influence us positively, 【C8】_when they are “down“, that can have a【C9】_ impact on us. Similarly, consumers operating under a【C10】_mood state tend to react to stimuli in a direction 【C11】_
42、with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see 【C12】_in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a 【C13】_manner than they would when not in such a state.【C14】_ , mood states appear capable of【C15】_a consumer“ s memory. Moods appear to be 【C16】_ influenced by marketing tec
43、hniques. For example, the rhythm, pitch, and 【C17】_of music has been shown to influence behavior such as the 【C18】_of time spent in supermarkets or【C19】_to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumers“ moods which, in【C20】_, are capable of influencing consumers“ reactions to p
44、roducts.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.as B.aboutC.byD.with解析：解析：考查固定搭配。根据上下文此处是作者对“mood”一词下的定义，所以，应使用固定搭配be defined as。故选 Aas。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.overB.underC.to D.up解析：解析：考查固定搭配。空格处应填入介词与空格前的 tied 搭配，be tied to 表示“与相关”，该句的意思是“情绪可以被定义为一种泛化而不与任何特定环境相关的、暂时的、适度积极或消极的心理感受”。有考生受到常用词组 under any circumstance
45、(在任何情况下)影响而误选 B。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.derivedB.descendedC.divideD.distinguished 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据上下句逻辑，本句句意为“情绪应该与冲动的情感区分开来，后者通常更加激烈，与特定的环境有关，而且是神志清醒的”。Ddistinguish 意为“区别，辨别”，符合句意，为正确答案。derive“起源，得自于”；descend“下降”；divide“区分，划分成几部分”，均不符合句意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.related B.referredC.attachedD.associated解析：解析：考查
46、形容词辨析。根据第二句中“that is generalized and not tied to any particular circumstance”的提示，此处意在表明 emotion 比 mood 在表现上要更加强烈一些，而且还要受特定环境的影响与制约，因此所选词汇在意思上必定与 tie 一词相同或近似，故而选择Arelated“相关的”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.OnB.In C.OfD.By解析：解析：考查固定搭配。In one sense 表示“从某种意义上说，一方面”，本句句意“从某种意义上来说，考虑消费者的情绪效果就如同我们对朋友行为的反应一样，如果朋友很高兴，那
47、就意味着能够对我们有一个积极的影响”。故选 BIn。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.thusB.much C.evenD.still解析：解析：考查副词辨析。此处说明两者的相似性，所以作者采用短语 in the same way“同样地”，若是对 same 进行修饰一般选用副词 much。故选 Bmuch。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.signalB.gestureC.viewD.behavior 解析：解析：考查上下文语义。空格处作“our reaction to”的宾语。那么我们对朋友的什么做出反应呢。从上下文看应该是我们对朋友的行为做出反应，这样才符合逻辑，意指“朋友的行为对我们情绪的影响”。故选 Dbehavior，意为“行为”。signal 意为“信号，暗号”；gesture 意为“手势，姿势”；view 意为“观点，见解”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.forB.but C.unlessD.provided解析：解析：考查上下文语义及逻辑关系。根据上句中的“up”和此句中的“down”，可以推断出此处需
