1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 102 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_So why is Google suddenly so interested in robots? That“s the question everyon
2、e“s asking after it emerged this month that the internet giant has quietly collected a portfolio of eight advanced-robotics firms. Google is【C1】_the venture as partly a long term “moonshot“ projectthe name【C2】_to its more bizarre or【C3】_ideas, such as its self-driving car or broadband via high-altit
3、ude balloons. But it also says it aims to【C4】_a batch of robotics products in the【C5】_term and it has a “10-year vision“ of where the company is【C6】_. Based in the US and Japan, the new acquisitions make【C7】_products, ranging from walking humanoids (human-like Robots), to assembly robots, machine-vi
4、sion systems and robotic special-effects movie cameras. The【C8】_of technologies that Google has acquired doesn“t point to【C9】_one type of robot being developed, says Chris Melhuish. “These technologies could【C10】_anything from a smart bed to a wheeled home-assistant robot for elderly people.“ But Wi
5、ll Jackson thinks Google will use its【C11】_in search engines to allow people to find【C12】_faster in shopping malls and airports. “You would never go over and talk to a touch screen, 【C13】_if a mechanical person talks to you and makes eye【C14】_and smiles it“s very hard indeed not to talk【C15】_. Googl
6、e knows all about our【C16】_and market preferences already. A robot would be a good【C17】_for that information.“ Google“s moves are【C18】_of how robotics is changing, says Scott Eckert. “The robotics industry is in the early stages of a【C19】_from a primarily industrial market to a dynamic technology se
7、ctor,“ he says. “This is an exciting industry with a【C20】_future.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.observingB.describingC.commentingD.developing(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.addressedB.toldC.givenD.taken(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ambitiousB.abnormalC.academicD.accomplished(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.purchaseB.evaluateC.launchD.tri
8、gger(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.technicalB.clearC.equalD.short(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.goneB.headedC.forwardedD.delivered(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.diverseB.superficialC.ridiculousD.imaginary(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.numberB.functionC.quantityD.mix(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.eitherB.someC.anyD.every(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.get throughB.give
9、outC.go intoD.take over(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.acquaintanceB.experienceC.communicationD.controversy(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.locationB.productC.serviceD.information(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.butB.orC.forD.though(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.movementB.contactC.exerciseD.reaction(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.backB.upC.overD.down(16)
10、.【C16】（分数：2.00）A.purposeB.beliefC.behaviorD.feeling(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.interactionB.intervalC.interferenceD.interface(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.indicativeB.awareC.capableD.characteristic(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.transmissionB.transformationC.transactionD.transportation(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.bleakB.uncertainC.br
11、ightD.fearfulThe problem with today“s housing crisis, politically, is that it is just not all that visible. At the end of the Second World War, families with kids【C1】_into shared houses. In 1946, more than 46,000 families took over military camps, empty hotels and flats. That was a(n)【C2】_housing cr
12、isis. Today“s does not come【C3】_: most people still have somewhere to live. It is nonetheless【C4】_, and worthy of political attention. But the question of exactly why our expensive homes【C5】_a crisis is more subtly depicted than it can appear. Since 1973 at least, the total number of “dwellings“ has
13、 climbed far faster than the population. How is this possible, 【C6】_that building rates have【C7】_? And doesn“t it mean that there isn“t really a housing crisis? First, in the 1960s and 1970s, while councils happily knocked【C8】_new estates, they were also busy pulling down lots of old “【C9】_“ houses
14、too. Social housing helped people move from broken old crowded houses into【C10】_new flats or houses, typically with much more【C11】_. Meanwhile, new homes were built on green fields. Average household sizes【C12】_ dramatically, even as the average house got bigger. Though the housing stock【C13】_by les
15、s than the rate of building,【C14】_got a lot more space in which to live. In recent decades, 【C15】_, everyone has got a lot less space. We have had【C16】_little new building, but【C17】_we have magically created lots of new housing. Essentially, so far, the housing crisis has been【C18】_by subdividing ou
16、r homes to【C20】_the extra population growth.【C19】_, what new homes we do build are the smallest in the developed world.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.broughtB.crammedC.enteredD.fitted(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.properB.probableC.rationalD.complex(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.nearB.trueC.closeD.around(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.se
17、riousB.complicatedC.fundamentalD.real(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.indicateB.constituteC.implyD.start(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.givenB.becauseC.ifD.when(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.risenB.doubledC.ceasedD.collapsed(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.atB.upC.offD.into(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.slumB.alleyC.courtyardD.street(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.comfortab
18、leB.luxuriousC.shinyD.common(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.spaceB.moneyC.lodgingD.shelter(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.roseB.surpassedC.expandedD.fell(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.decreasedB.increasedC.keptD.took(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.somebodyB.nobodyC.everybodyD.anybody(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.by contrastB.on averageC.in consequenc
19、eD.by comparison(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.similarlyB.relativelyC.hopefullyD.consequently(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.converselyB.regardlessC.almostD.somehow(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.reducedB.highlightedC.solvedD.suppressed(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.make way forB.make use ofC.make up toD.make ready for(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.N
20、everthelessB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Meanwhile考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 102 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：So why is Google suddenly so intere
21、sted in robots? That“s the question everyone“s asking after it emerged this month that the internet giant has quietly collected a portfolio of eight advanced-robotics firms. Google is【C1】_the venture as partly a long term “moonshot“ projectthe name【C2】_to its more bizarre or【C3】_ideas, such as its s
22、elf-driving car or broadband via high-altitude balloons. But it also says it aims to【C4】_a batch of robotics products in the【C5】_term and it has a “10-year vision“ of where the company is【C6】_. Based in the US and Japan, the new acquisitions make【C7】_products, ranging from walking humanoids (human-l
23、ike Robots), to assembly robots, machine-vision systems and robotic special-effects movie cameras. The【C8】_of technologies that Google has acquired doesn“t point to【C9】_one type of robot being developed, says Chris Melhuish. “These technologies could【C10】_anything from a smart bed to a wheeled home-
24、assistant robot for elderly people.“ But Will Jackson thinks Google will use its【C11】_in search engines to allow people to find【C12】_faster in shopping malls and airports. “You would never go over and talk to a touch screen, 【C13】_if a mechanical person talks to you and makes eye【C14】_and smiles it“
25、s very hard indeed not to talk【C15】_. Google knows all about our【C16】_and market preferences already. A robot would be a good【C17】_for that information.“ Google“s moves are【C18】_of how robotics is changing, says Scott Eckert. “The robotics industry is in the early stages of a【C19】_from a primarily i
26、ndustrial market to a dynamic technology sector,“ he says. “This is an exciting industry with a【C20】_future.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.observingB.describing C.commentingD.developing解析：解析：空格后面的宾语 the venture 指“谷歌聚集了 8 家先进机器人技术公司的投资组合”这一商业举措，as 后面引出“moonshot”project，由此可推断空格处表示把这一举动用语言文字描述出来，故选 B 项
27、describing“描述”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.addressedB.toldC.given D.taken解析：解析：moonshot“向月球发射”这个项目名听上去就很让人难以置信了，因此推断，moonshot 应该是给下文提及的那些 more bizarreideas 取的名字，故选 C 项 given，短语 give the name to sth表示“给取名”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ambitious B.abnormalC.academicD.accomplished解析：解析：such as 后的 self-driving car 等是人类最新的
28、、尚未推向市场的发明，因此推断这些发明是极具雄心和抱负的构想，故选 A 项 ambitious“雄心勃勃的”。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.purchaseB.evaluateC.launch D.trigger解析：解析：上文提到，谷歌聚集了 a portfolio of eight advanced-robotics firms。即已收购了这8 家公司，空格所在句用 aims to 引出谷歌此举的目的，收购公司后当然要推出产品。故选 C 项launch“推出”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.technicalB.clearC.equalD.short 解析：解析：上一句提到
29、，这个商业举措是“登月”项目长期计划的一部分(as partly a long term“moonshot”project)，接着用转折连词 But 引出空格所在句，可推断空格处选 D 项 short“短的”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.goneB.headed C.forwardedD.delivered解析：解析：空格所在句的 10-year vision 表示“对公司未来 10 年发展前景的展望”，空格前面的where 表方向，故 B 项 headed 合适，be headed 表示“使朝方向前进”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.diverse B.superficia
30、lC.ridiculousD.imaginary解析：解析：空格后面用 ranging fromto罗列了谷歌收购的 8 家公司所生产的多种不同的高科技产品，因此选 A 项 diverse“多种多样的”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.numberB.functionC.quantityD.mix 解析：解析：空格后面是 technologies that Google has acquired，意指谷歌因为收购而得到的各种技术，上文提到谷歌收购了 8 家公司，因此推断其获得的技术是混合的，故选 D 项 mix“混合体”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.eitherB.someC.
31、any D.every解析：解析：空格所在句为否定句，下一句提到“不一般的机器人技术产品”，故推测该句指所收购的技术不再用于生产目前任何正在开发的机器人，空格后已有 one，故选 C 项 any“任何(一个)”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.get throughB.give outC.go into D.take over解析：解析：上一句提到“谷歌收购所得的技术不再用于生产目前正在研发的机器人”，然后空格所在句用肯定句的形式指出这些技术可应用于哪些产品，故选 C 项 go into“进入”，在此处可理解为“应用于”。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.acquaintan
32、ceB.experience C.communicationD.controversy解析：解析：众所周知，谷歌正是以 search engines 方面的经验及所取得的成就而著称，因此选 B 项experience“经验”。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.locationB.productC.serviceD.information 解析：解析：空格前的 find 与该句的 search 呼应，搜索引擎的主要功能是查找信息，该段的最后一句也提到了 information，因此选 D 项 information“信息”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.but B.orC.f
33、orD.though解析：解析：上半句先否定人们选择跟 a touch screen 交流的可能性，下半句表达了人们跟 a mechanical person 交流的可能性，前后两句存在对比转折关系，故选 A 项 but。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.movementB.contact C.exerciseD.reaction解析：解析：空格所在句描述了机器人在交谈时的一系列肢体语言动作，如 talks 和 smiles，由此推断空格处选 B 项 contact“接触”，make eye contact 是习惯搭配，表示“进行目光交流”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.b
34、ack B.upC.overD.down解析：解析：空格前面描述了机器人跟人说话、微笑等一系列动作，可推知在此情况下，我们人类很难不对机器人的言行作出回应，所以选 A 项 back，词组 talk back 意为“回话”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.purposeB.beliefC.behavior D.feeling解析：解析：上一句 Will Jackson 的直接引语里分析了人们舍弃与触摸屏对话，而选择和具有与人类相似言行举止的机器人交流，这是对人类交流行为的分析，因此选 C 项 behavior“行为”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.interactionB.
35、intervalC.interferenceD.interface 解析：解析：上文分析了人们可能舍弃触摸屏而选择通过与机器人对话来寻求帮助，可推知机器人因而可以成为谷歌掌握人们信息需求、人们获取信息的一个良好的“界面”，故选 D 项 interface“界面”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.indicative B.awareC.capableD.characteristic解析：解析：空格所在句的主语 Google“s moves 指代上文的谷歌收购 8 家先进机器人技术公司后拟将机器人技术应用到各个新领域的行动，空格后面用 of 引出机器人技术正经历变化，可推测这里指谷歌的举
36、动预示机器人技术变化方向，故选 A 项 indicative“预示的”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.transmissionB.transformation C.transactionD.transportation解析：解析：空格后面用 fromto连接了 a primarily industrial market 和 a dynamic technology sector，前者属于工业领域，后者属于是科技领域，这是一种“转变”，故选 B 项transformation “转变”。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.bleakB.uncertainC.bright D.f
37、earful解析：解析：空格前有表“积极意义”的 exciting 修饰 industry，故推测空格处也需用“积极意义”的词修饰 future，C 项 bright“光明的”符合要求。The problem with today“s housing crisis, politically, is that it is just not all that visible. At the end of the Second World War, families with kids【C1】_into shared houses. In 1946, more than 46,000 familie
38、s took over military camps, empty hotels and flats. That was a(n)【C2】_housing crisis. Today“s does not come【C3】_: most people still have somewhere to live. It is nonetheless【C4】_, and worthy of political attention. But the question of exactly why our expensive homes【C5】_a crisis is more subtly depic
39、ted than it can appear. Since 1973 at least, the total number of “dwellings“ has climbed far faster than the population. How is this possible, 【C6】_that building rates have【C7】_? And doesn“t it mean that there isn“t really a housing crisis? First, in the 1960s and 1970s, while councils happily knock
40、ed【C8】_new estates, they were also busy pulling down lots of old “【C9】_“ houses too. Social housing helped people move from broken old crowded houses into【C10】_new flats or houses, typically with much more【C11】_. Meanwhile, new homes were built on green fields. Average household sizes【C12】_ dramatic
41、ally, even as the average house got bigger. Though the housing stock【C13】_by less than the rate of building,【C14】_got a lot more space in which to live. In recent decades, 【C15】_, everyone has got a lot less space. We have had【C16】_little new building, but【C17】_we have magically created lots of new
42、housing. Essentially, so far, the housing crisis has been【C18】_by subdividing our homes to【C20】_the extra population growth.【C19】_, what new homes we do build are the smallest in the developed world.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.broughtB.crammed C.enteredD.fitted解析：解析：文章第 l 句提到现在的住房危机问题不太明显，本句紧接其后以二战
43、末家庭的住房问题为例进行对比说明。从“二战末”这个时间可以推断，战争期间会令很多房子受损，许多人无处可住，因此那时的住房是比较紧张的，故选 B 项，cram into 表示“勉强塞入”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.proper B.probableC.rationalD.complex解析：解析：从本段第 2 句和第 3 句的描述“合住房子、住军营、空的旅馆和公寓”，可知过去的住房危机较现在明显多了，本空需填入一个形容词来描述过去的住房危机。A 项 proper“真正的”代入句中，意为“那才是严格意义上的住房危机”，符合语境。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.nearB.true
44、C.close D.around解析：解析：本句的主语 Today“s 指代 today“s housing crisis，从本句冒号后的句子“大多数人还是有地可住”，可以看出现在的住房危机和过去的住房危机的表现差别较大。故选 close“接近的”，代入句中符合语义，故选 C。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.seriousB.complicatedC.fundamentalD.real 解析：解析：本句的主语 It 指代的是上段末句中的“如今的住房危机”，nonetheless“虽然如此(但是)”表转折意义，后半句意为“值得引起政治上的关注”。既然需要引起政治上的关注。那住房危机是真实存
45、在的，故选 D 项 real“真正的，真实的”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.indicateB.constitute C.implyD.start解析：解析：空格前是“我们昂贵的房子”，空格后是“危机”，句中有一个 why，表明两者是原因和结果的关系，原因造成结果，constitute 意为“构成”，符合此处语义，故选 B。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.given B.becauseC.ifD.when解析：解析：this 指代前一句的内容：至少从 1973 年以来，“住房”的总数比人口数的增长快得多。住房量和人口增长数的关系是需要知道建房率的信息才可推断出来的，故此空需填入
46、表示“在考虑到的情况下”的词，given“鉴于”符合要求，故选 A。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.risenB.doubledC.ceasedD.collapsed 解析：解析：上一句提到“住房数量超过了人口总数”，要使这种情况存在，建房率就要增长。此处 How is this possible 实际意为“不可能出现这种情况”，可推断建房率已经下降，故选 D 项 collapse“崩溃”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.atB.up C.offD.into解析：解析：此空要填入一个副词和 knock 组成词组，此句的后半句讲到地方各级议会忙于拆毁很多旧房子，与此同时他们高兴地_新
47、房子。既要拆旧房又要忙于新房，可推断建新房子是比较匆忙的，knock up“匆匆准备做某事”符合文意，故选 B。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.slum B.alleyC.courtyardD.street解析：解析：本句讲到地方各级议会忙于拆毁旧房子，下文又讲到社会住房机构帮助人们搬离破旧而拥挤的房子。根据空前的 old 推断，下句中的 broken old crowded 与此空属于同义替换，故选 A 项 slum“贫民区”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.comfortableB.luxuriousC.shiny D.common解析：解析：本空需填入一个形容词来修饰 flats 和 houses，此空后已经有一个形容词 new，那本空填入的是和 new 并列的形容词，从上下文看文章没有具体描述新房子是否豪华或舒适，因此只需填入描述新房子普遍特征的形容词，C 项 shiny“光亮的”符合要求。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.space B.moneyC.lodgingD.shelter解析：解析：从本段倒数第 2 句的 even as the average house got bigger，可知房子更大了，上下文语义需保持一致。因此本处讲述的应该同是房子有更大的空间，故选 A 项
