1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 147 及答案解析(总分：136.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_If you want to succeed, you have to be passionate【C1】_your work. It has to be tru
2、e. 【C2】_speakers around the globe say so. The prestigious consulting firm Deloitte quantified it in a report that said, “Up to 87. 7 percent of Americas workforce is not able to contribute【C3】_their full potential because they dont have enthusiasm for their work. “ Enthusiasm for your work intensifi
3、es focus, provides the drive to persist when challenges【C4】_, and enables creativity. It is also important to remember【C5】_passion can fade and relationships with too much of it early on can result【C6】_disillusionment. You see this at work when a formerly “passionate“ employee becomes jaded and cyni
4、cal because things just arent as they used to be in the past. If you are fortunate to work every day at a career or job about which you are passionate,【C7】_yourself lucky. The reality is, according to the Deloitte study, there【C8】_that many people who are enthusiastic about what they do. You cant ea
5、sily toss the dispassionate masses aside and hire all new people who are in love with what you do. 【C9】_, some jobs and industries just dont elicit passion. Many companies need people to perform jobs that never appear on anyones most desirable list. They are often physically challenging, somewhat mo
6、notonous, and provide low wages. They may have limited【C10】_for advancement, and they exist in industries that are profitable but not sexy. One of my manufacturing clients perfectly【C11】_this description, and despite the difficult environment , people show【C12】_and do a great job every day. They are
7、nt particularly crazy about their jobs, but they are driven by an immense pride in their performance. A positive【C13】_of pride is grounded in humility. It establishes and maintains a reputation for excellence. Pride doesnt【C14】_shortcuts, and most important, it maintains high standards when passion
8、for the job has diminished. At the【C15】_of the day, you cant ignore the impact of passion. Virtually【C16】_raises their hands when I ask seminar participants if they would do their ideal jobs for less than one percent of what they make today. We should, however, pay more attention【C17】_pride. Pride s
9、peaks to character, and character is an excellent indicator of the quality and commitment of the work. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. said: “If a man is called to be a street sweeper, he should sweep streets【C18】_as Michelangelo painted, or Beethoven composed music, or Shakespeare wrote poetry. He shou
10、ld sweep streets so well that all the hosts of heaven and earth will【C19】_to say, here lived a great street sweeper who did his job well. “ Most assume that Dr. King was talking about the importance of passion【C20】_of the status of your position. Perhaps, however, we missed the real message about ha
11、ving personal pride in your performance.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.inB.aboutC.fromD.on(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.MotivatedB.MotivationalC.MotivatingD.Motivate(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.toB.downC.inD.from(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.riseB.ariseC.raiseD.arisen(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.howB.whereC.thatD.why(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.inB.fro
12、mC.toD.on(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.regardB.thinkC.considerD.believe(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.areB.wereC.arentD.werent(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.LikelyB.LikelessC.LikeableD.Likewise(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.chanceB.choiceC.timeD.room(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.givesB.fitsC.defiesD.beggars(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.offB.outC.overD.up(13).【C
13、13】（分数：2.00）A.matterB.senseC.sourceD.swelling(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.crossB.goC.travelD.take(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.beginningB.endC.frontD.middle(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.allB.everyoneC.noneD.someone(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.forB.ofC.onD.to(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.evenB.soC.suchD.like(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.happyB.hateC.m
14、ustD.pause(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.despiteB.dismissC.regardlessD.regarding二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：52.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._During the day, Leipzigs airport is quiet.
15、 It is at night that the airfield comes to life. Next to the runway a yellow warehouse serves as the global sorting hub for DHL, a delivery firm owned by Deutsche Post of Germany. A huge extension, which opened in October, means it can sort 150,000 parcels each hour, says Ken Allen, DHLs CEO. With f
16、alling trade barrier, cross-border e-commerce has become a key term in the modern economy. The rise of cross-border e-commerce has meant booming business for express-delivery firms. On January 31st UPS revealed record revenues for the fourth quarter of 2016; FedEx and DHL are expected to report simi
17、larly buoyant results next month. Since 2008 half of the increase in express-delivery volumes has come from shoppers buying items online from another country. Falling trade barriers have greatly helped them. When DHL and FedEx were getting going in the 1970s, there was little demand for internationa
18、l express deliveries. Packages often got stuck in customs for weeks and were heavily taxed. The expansion of free-trade areas, lower tariffs and the Internet brought years of growth. But after Mr. Trumps threats to raise tariffs on goods from China and Mexico, together with the indication last month
19、 from Theresa May, Britains prime minister, that the country will leave the EUs customs union, there are widespread fears that the favourable tailwinds enjoyed by the industry for decades are gone. The express-delivery industry faces a new challenge: the return of trade barriers due to the protectio
20、nist bent of Donald Trump and because of Brexit. The return of borders poses a challenge to the soaring parcel-delivery business. “ Its all a real nightmare,“ groans David Jinks of ParcelHero, a British parcel broker which works with DHL, FedEx and UPS. Start with Brexit. Post-Brexit costs will prob
21、ably come from long wrangles over which of 19,000 customs codes should be applied to a consignment. As an example of what could happen, Halloween costumes from China often get stuck at Britains border while customs officials work out whether they are toys or childrens clothes, which attract differen
22、t duties. Such complexity would force delivery firms to put up their prices to customers, Mr. Jinks says. Sending an item from Britain to Switzerland (outside the EU) costs 150% more than it does to Italy (inside the EU). The most severe impact on business would come from higher tariffs, which would
23、 hurt demand for cross-border imports and deliveries in favour of local goods. This is where Mr. Trumps threats come into focus.（分数：10.00）(1).The example of Leipzigs airport shows that_.（分数：2.00）A.Leipzigs airport serves as the biggest sorting hub for DHL.B.Airport delivers more goods than any other
24、 forms of cross-border deliveries.C.Cross-border e-commerce has promoted the expansion of delivery services.D.Express-delivery firms face a new challenge because of changing policies in US and UK.(2).The word “buoyant“ is closest in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.optimisticB.fluctuatingC.unpredictableD.mund
25、ane(3).What do we know about parcel delivery services in the 1970s?（分数：2.00）A.There are falling trade barriers.B.DHL and FedEx are expanding rapidly.C.The express-delivery faces the return of trade barriers.D.International express delivery is in its preliminary stage.(4).What effect will Brexit prob
26、ably bring on parcel delivery services?（分数：2.00）A.The trade between China and the UK will drop tremendously.B.Customers will have to pay more on delivery services.C.19,000 customs codes will be examined by British parliament.D.DHL, FedEx and UPS will close some of their branches in Britain.(5).The p
27、assage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.Logistics firms are faced with trade barriers.B.The US and the UK work together to promotecross-border imports.C.Cross-border e-commerce is booming.D.Express-delivery firms DHL, FedEx and UPS are fined by customs in the UK and US.Many people take to social media to
28、 share news of big events. On December 1st Facebooks boss, Mark Zuckerberg, followed in the tradition he helped create, when he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, announced the birth of their daughter on the social-networking site, along with news that they will give away the majority of their fortune du
29、ring their lifetimes. Around 99% of the shares they own in Facebook, which today are worth around $ 45 billion, will go into the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI). Their aim, they wrote, is to improve the world for their daughter and future generations. For now, the move allows Mr. Zuckerberg to reli
30、nquish wealth, but not control, as he will retain the votes associated with any shares transferred to CZI. He anticipates remaining the controlling stakeholder of Facebook “ for the foreseeable future“ , and plans to sell, or give away, no more than $ 1 billion of Facebook stock each year for the ne
31、xt three years. Mr. Zuckerberg is far from the first tech titan to pledge billions to philanthropic activities, but he is following a slightly different path to Bill Gates, Microsofts founder. Whereas the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is a registered charity, the Zuckerbergs CZI will be a limite
32、d liability company ( LLC ). Although charitable status comes with alluring tax breaks, strings are attached. Unlike charities, LLCs can lobby without restriction; the Zuckerbergs have said that CZI will get involved in policy debates. The other flexibility LLC status allows is the freedom to invest
33、 in for-profit ventures that have a big social impact. In this, the Zuckerbergs are following in the footsteps of Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay, an online marketplace, who grew frustrated by the constraints of charitable status. Mr. Omidyar now oversees the Omidyar Network, which has for-profit an
34、d non-profit arms. Will Fitzpatrick, designer of this hybrid structure, claims that the for-profit arm can more easily invest in things that can be scaled up quickly. He gives the example of an investment in a solar lantern that cost less than $ 10 a unit, which meant people did not have to burn dan
35、gerous kerosene, and which he says would have been technically difficult to achieve through a private foundation.（分数：10.00）(1).Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan celebrated the birth of their daughter by_.（分数：2.00）A.creating the tradition of announce big news on FacebookB.creating the Chan Zuckerber
36、g InitiativeC.donating $ 1 billion of Facebook stock to CZID.selling 99% of the shares they own in Facebook(2).The word “relinquish“ is closet in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.abandonB.maintainC.withholdD.distribute(3).Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is_.（分数：2.00）A.the first tech titan to pledge billions
37、 to philanthropic activitiesB.allowed to invest in for-profit venturesC.obliged to meet certain requirementsD.working with CZI to make the world a better place(4).What do we know about Pierre Omidyar?（分数：2.00）A.He does not like registered charity coming with strings.B.He created eBay for non-profit
38、purposes.C.He suggested to Zuckerbergs to set up a limited liability company.D.He made the Omidyar Network a subsidiary of eBay.(5).This passage is best entitled_.（分数：2.00）A.Mark Zuckerberg Finds Another Way to ShareB.Mark Zuckerberg and His Wife Having Their First BabyC.More High-tech Giants Devote
39、d to PhilanthropyD.Mark Zuckerberg Find a New Way of Running FacebookIts often said that the mark of a civilised society is how it treats its most vulnerable citizens in times of austerity. And in the past week, Britain has proved itself quite not so. Last Thursday a United Nations inquiry into disa
40、bility rights in the UK ruled that the government is failing in its duties in everything from education, work and housing to health, transport and social security. Presented with overwhelming evidence of a range of regressive policies and multibillion-pound cuts to disability services, it described
41、the treatment of disabled people in this country as a “ human catastrophe “ . Less than 24 hours later, Luke Davey lost his appeal against his local council cutting his care package almost in half. Luke is quadriplegic, has cerebral palsy and is registered blind. But in this climate of cuts to disab
42、ility services, after 23 years of 24/7 support, his care hours have been suddenly gutted. Without enough funding for full-time personal assistants, his mother, Jasmine, is forced to fill in the gaps: sitting in the bungalow to ensure hes not alone, and lifting her 14-stone son into a hoist. Jasmine,
43、 its worth noting, is 75 and has cancer. Bit by bit, the abuse of disabled people in Britain is being normalised. This isnt simply the result of newspapers and politicians dehumanising the “scrounging“ disabled. Its that the hardship being witnessed is now so common, so widespread, its as if its not
44、 worth comprehension. Resisting this becomes almost an act of defiance: to say that its not normal for a self-proclaimed global leader of disability rights to have to be shamed publicly by the United Nations over its treatment of disabled citizens; that its not economically necessary for one of the
45、wealthiest nations on Earth to cut benefits and social care so deeply that disabled people are housebound, hungry, or suicidal. When the “ most vulnerable citizens “ line is used by well-meaning voices, theres a secret second sentence thats rarely uttered: disabled people, truth be told, do not need
46、 to be vulnerable. Contrary to the myth sold by years of austerity, to be afraid, desperate or isolated is not a normal state of affairs for people with disabilities. Vulnerability comes when politicians choose to pull the support disabled people need in order to live dignified, fulfilling, independ
47、ent livesknowing full well the misery it will cause.（分数：10.00）(1).The UN described the treatment of disabled people in the UK as a “human catastrophe“ because_.（分数：2.00）A.the disabled people are being discriminated in every aspect fromeducation, work to housing and so forthB.Luke Davey lost his appe
48、al against the government for the simple reason that the local court favored the governmentC.the government dramatically cut its financial support for the disabled people in the years of austerityD.the disabled people are unable to live and work independently(2).The example of Luke Davey is used to show that_.（分数：2.00）A.the disabled people can rely on their family members for supportB.the disabled people deserved better work opportunity and salaryC
