1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 143 及答案解析(总分：136.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Throughout the whole period of ones lifetime, the achieving of happiness can be s
2、een as our【C1】_and everlasting goal. Happiness is far more than a strong body, a【C2】_villa or an around-the-world tour; it is something we need from our heart. However, we can investigate happiness【C3】_scientific methods. When we are asked the question “Where can we find happiness“ , it is a【C4】_dif
3、ficult to answer accurately. We can find happiness right in our own home, in our workplace, in school, in the【C5】_of our friends, etc. It is up to us to find the ways and means to achieve that happiness each of us seek and【C6】_for. However, it is essential to【C7】_that there is no one absolute way to
4、 achieve happiness. People may have different ideas with【C8】_to the ways of achieving happiness. The following five【C9】_are【C10】_by many people as sources of happiness: family and friends, wealth, position, educational achievement and fame. To give it a comprehensive【C11】_, happiness is a【C12】_state
5、 of well-being characterized by positive or pleasant emotions【C13】_from contentment to intense joy. A【C14】_of biological, psychological, religious, and philosophical approaches have striven to define happiness and【C15】_its sources. Various research groups, including positive psychology, endeavor to【
6、C16】_the scientific method to answer questions about what “happiness“ is, and how we might【C17】_it. There are many ways to be happy. Spend time with individuals who are dear to you. There is nothing more【C18】_than to be with the people you love. Do something nice for others. Helping others is a very
7、 honorable way to find happiness. If your schedule is too【C19】_for volunteer work, you can just donate a small sum of money or some old clothes or toys to charily. When you eat out, try to be a good【C20】_to the waiters or the valet who safely parked your car. All these simple things will not only ma
8、ke you happy, but other people as well.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.contemporaryB.ultimateC.ordinaryD.static(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.transitionalB.remoteC.magnificentD.pathetic(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.throughB.amongC.forD.about(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.puzzleB.guideC.suspicionD.dilemma(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.obligationB.co
9、mpanyC.touchD.comfort(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.desireB.chaseC.dreamD.long(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.remindB.replyC.reuniteD.recognize(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.referenceB.differenceC.regardD.account(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.classificationsB.conclusionsC.passionsD.ladders(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.considerB.perceivedC.questionedD.calcu
10、late(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.relationB.knowledgeC.insightD.definition(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.physicalB.mentalC.intellectualD.professional(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.rangingB.dispatchC.shiftingD.distinguishing(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.areaB.varietyC.wholeD.proportion(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.retrieveB.identifyC.exploitD.aba
11、ndon(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.adjustB.attributeC.applyD.prohibit(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.pursuitB.defeatC.bypassD.attain(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.joyfulB.awfulC.diligentD.painful(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.highB.priorC.tightD.stress(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.adviserB.tipperC.deceiverD.rater二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：52.
12、00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._During the day, Leipzigs airport is quiet. It is at night that the airfield comes to life. Next to the runway a yellow warehouse serves as the globa
13、l sorting hub for DHL, a delivery firm owned by Deutsche Post of Germany. A huge extension, which opened in October, means it can sort 150,000 parcels each hour, says Ken Allen, DHLs CEO. With falling trade barrier, cross-border e-commerce has become a key term in the modern economy. The rise of cro
14、ss-border e-commerce has meant booming business for express-delivery firms. On January 31st UPS revealed record revenues for the fourth quarter of 2016; FedEx and DHL are expected to report similarly buoyant results next month. Since 2008 half of the increase in express-delivery volumes has come fro
15、m shoppers buying items online from another country. Falling trade barriers have greatly helped them. When DHL and FedEx were getting going in the 1970s, there was little demand for international express deliveries. Packages often got stuck in customs for weeks and were heavily taxed. The expansion
16、of free-trade areas, lower tariffs and the Internet brought years of growth. But after Mr. Trumps threats to raise tariffs on goods from China and Mexico, together with the indication last month from Theresa May, Britains prime minister, that the country will leave the EUs customs union, there are w
17、idespread fears that the favourable tailwinds enjoyed by the industry for decades are gone. The express-delivery industry faces a new challenge: the return of trade barriers due to the protectionist bent of Donald Trump and because of Brexit. The return of borders poses a challenge to the soaring pa
18、rcel-delivery business. “ Its all a real nightmare,“ groans David Jinks of ParcelHero, a British parcel broker which works with DHL, FedEx and UPS. Start with Brexit. Post-Brexit costs will probably come from long wrangles over which of 19,000 customs codes should be applied to a consignment. As an
19、example of what could happen, Halloween costumes from China often get stuck at Britains border while customs officials work out whether they are toys or childrens clothes, which attract different duties. Such complexity would force delivery firms to put up their prices to customers, Mr. Jinks says.
20、Sending an item from Britain to Switzerland (outside the EU) costs 150% more than it does to Italy (inside the EU). The most severe impact on business would come from higher tariffs, which would hurt demand for cross-border imports and deliveries in favour of local goods. This is where Mr. Trumps th
21、reats come into focus.（分数：10.00）(1).The example of Leipzigs airport shows that_.（分数：2.00）A.Leipzigs airport serves as the biggest sorting hub for DHL.B.Airport delivers more goods than any other forms of cross-border deliveries.C.Cross-border e-commerce has promoted the expansion of delivery service
22、s.D.Express-delivery firms face a new challenge because of changing policies in US and UK.(2).The word “buoyant“ is closest in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.optimisticB.fluctuatingC.unpredictableD.mundane(3).What do we know about parcel delivery services in the 1970s?（分数：2.00）A.There are falling trade barr
23、iers.B.DHL and FedEx are expanding rapidly.C.The express-delivery faces the return of trade barriers.D.International express delivery is in its preliminary stage.(4).What effect will Brexit probably bring on parcel delivery services?（分数：2.00）A.The trade between China and the UK will drop tremendousl
24、y.B.Customers will have to pay more on delivery services.C.19,000 customs codes will be examined by British parliament.D.DHL, FedEx and UPS will close some of their branches in Britain.(5).The passage is mainly about_.（分数：2.00）A.Logistics firms are faced with trade barriers.B.The US and the UK work
25、together to promotecross-border imports.C.Cross-border e-commerce is booming.D.Express-delivery firms DHL, FedEx and UPS are fined by customs in the UK and US.Many people take to social media to share news of big events. On December 1st Facebooks boss, Mark Zuckerberg, followed in the tradition he h
26、elped create, when he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, announced the birth of their daughter on the social-networking site, along with news that they will give away the majority of their fortune during their lifetimes. Around 99% of the shares they own in Facebook, which today are worth around $ 45 bil
27、lion, will go into the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative (CZI). Their aim, they wrote, is to improve the world for their daughter and future generations. For now, the move allows Mr. Zuckerberg to relinquish wealth, but not control, as he will retain the votes associated with any shares transferred to CZI.
28、 He anticipates remaining the controlling stakeholder of Facebook “ for the foreseeable future“ , and plans to sell, or give away, no more than $ 1 billion of Facebook stock each year for the next three years. Mr. Zuckerberg is far from the first tech titan to pledge billions to philanthropic activi
29、ties, but he is following a slightly different path to Bill Gates, Microsofts founder. Whereas the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is a registered charity, the Zuckerbergs CZI will be a limited liability company ( LLC ). Although charitable status comes with alluring tax breaks, strings are attach
30、ed. Unlike charities, LLCs can lobby without restriction; the Zuckerbergs have said that CZI will get involved in policy debates. The other flexibility LLC status allows is the freedom to invest in for-profit ventures that have a big social impact. In this, the Zuckerbergs are following in the foots
31、teps of Pierre Omidyar, founder of eBay, an online marketplace, who grew frustrated by the constraints of charitable status. Mr. Omidyar now oversees the Omidyar Network, which has for-profit and non-profit arms. Will Fitzpatrick, designer of this hybrid structure, claims that the for-profit arm can
32、 more easily invest in things that can be scaled up quickly. He gives the example of an investment in a solar lantern that cost less than $ 10 a unit, which meant people did not have to burn dangerous kerosene, and which he says would have been technically difficult to achieve through a private foun
33、dation.（分数：10.00）(1).Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan celebrated the birth of their daughter by_.（分数：2.00）A.creating the tradition of announce big news on FacebookB.creating the Chan Zuckerberg InitiativeC.donating $ 1 billion of Facebook stock to CZID.selling 99% of the shares they own in Faceboo
34、k(2).The word “relinquish“ is closet in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.abandonB.maintainC.withholdD.distribute(3).Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is_.（分数：2.00）A.the first tech titan to pledge billions to philanthropic activitiesB.allowed to invest in for-profit venturesC.obliged to meet certain requiremen
35、tsD.working with CZI to make the world a better place(4).What do we know about Pierre Omidyar?（分数：2.00）A.He does not like registered charity coming with strings.B.He created eBay for non-profit purposes.C.He suggested to Zuckerbergs to set up a limited liability company.D.He made the Omidyar Network
36、 a subsidiary of eBay.(5).This passage is best entitled_.（分数：2.00）A.Mark Zuckerberg Finds Another Way to ShareB.Mark Zuckerberg and His Wife Having Their First BabyC.More High-tech Giants Devoted to PhilanthropyD.Mark Zuckerberg Find a New Way of Running FacebookIts often said that the mark of a civ
37、ilised society is how it treats its most vulnerable citizens in times of austerity. And in the past week, Britain has proved itself quite not so. Last Thursday a United Nations inquiry into disability rights in the UK ruled that the government is failing in its duties in everything from education, w
38、ork and housing to health, transport and social security. Presented with overwhelming evidence of a range of regressive policies and multibillion-pound cuts to disability services, it described the treatment of disabled people in this country as a “ human catastrophe “ . Less than 24 hours later, Lu
39、ke Davey lost his appeal against his local council cutting his care package almost in half. Luke is quadriplegic, has cerebral palsy and is registered blind. But in this climate of cuts to disability services, after 23 years of 24/7 support, his care hours have been suddenly gutted. Without enough f
40、unding for full-time personal assistants, his mother, Jasmine, is forced to fill in the gaps: sitting in the bungalow to ensure hes not alone, and lifting her 14-stone son into a hoist. Jasmine, its worth noting, is 75 and has cancer. Bit by bit, the abuse of disabled people in Britain is being norm
41、alised. This isnt simply the result of newspapers and politicians dehumanising the “scrounging“ disabled. Its that the hardship being witnessed is now so common, so widespread, its as if its not worth comprehension. Resisting this becomes almost an act of defiance: to say that its not normal for a s
42、elf-proclaimed global leader of disability rights to have to be shamed publicly by the United Nations over its treatment of disabled citizens; that its not economically necessary for one of the wealthiest nations on Earth to cut benefits and social care so deeply that disabled people are housebound,
43、 hungry, or suicidal. When the “ most vulnerable citizens “ line is used by well-meaning voices, theres a secret second sentence thats rarely uttered: disabled people, truth be told, do not need to be vulnerable. Contrary to the myth sold by years of austerity, to be afraid, desperate or isolated is
44、 not a normal state of affairs for people with disabilities. Vulnerability comes when politicians choose to pull the support disabled people need in order to live dignified, fulfilling, independent livesknowing full well the misery it will cause.（分数：10.00）(1).The UN described the treatment of disabl
45、ed people in the UK as a “human catastrophe“ because_.（分数：2.00）A.the disabled people are being discriminated in every aspect fromeducation, work to housing and so forthB.Luke Davey lost his appeal against the government for the simple reason that the local court favored the governmentC.the governmen
46、t dramatically cut its financial support for the disabled people in the years of austerityD.the disabled people are unable to live and work independently(2).The example of Luke Davey is used to show that_.（分数：2.00）A.the disabled people can rely on their family members for supportB.the disabled peopl
47、e deserved better work opportunity and salaryC.the disabled people are not treated fairly on British courtD.the disabled people live in a catastrophic condition now(3).The underlined sentence “Bit by bit, the abuse of disabled people in Britain is being normalised“ implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.the socie
48、ty dont accept disabled people into public placesB.the society dont appreciate the effort made by the disabledC.the society is indifferent to the suffering of the disabledD.the society implements strict laws against domestic abuse(4).What does the author think about the “most vulnerable citizens“ line?（分数：2.00）A.Disabled people are constantly afraid, desperate or isolated.B.Disabled people are not vulnerable if they are given proper support.C.Disabled
