1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 140 及答案解析(总分：136.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_According to certain beer commercials, the contemporary version of success【C1】_in
2、 moving up to a premium brand that costs a dime or so more per bottle. Credit-card companies would have you【C2】_success inheres in owning their particular piece of plastic. 【C3】_the flag of success, modern-style, liberal arts colleges are withering【C4】_business schools are burgeoning.and yet even bu
3、siness schools are having an increasingly hard time【C5】_faculty members, because teaching isnt【C6】_“successful“ enough. Amid a broad consensus【C7】_there is a glut of lawyers and an epidemic of strangling litigation, record numbers of young people continue to flock to law school【C8】_, for the individ
4、ual practitioner, a law degree is still considered a safe ticket. Many, by external【C9】_, will be “successes“. Yet there is a deadening and dangerous flaw in their philosophy: It has little room, little sympathy and less respect for the noble failure, for the person who【C10】_past the limits, who【C11
5、】_gloriously high and falls unashamedly【C12】_. That sort of ambition doesnt have much place in a world【C13】_success is proved by worldly reward【C14】_by accomplishment itself. That sort of ambition is increasingly thought of as the domain of irredeemable eccentrics,【C15】_people who havent quite caugh
6、t onand there is great social pressure not to be one of them. The irony is that todays success-chasers seem obsessed with the idea of not settling. Yet in doggedly【C16】_the rather brittle species of success now in fashion, they are【C17】_themselves to a chokingly narrow swath of turf along the entire
7、【C18】_of human possibilities. Does it ever【C19】_to them that, frequently, success is what people settle for【C20】_they cant think of something noble enough to be worth failing at?（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.constitutesB.consistsC.makes upD.composes(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.to believeB.believedC.believeD.be
8、lieving(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.BelowB.WithC.BehindD.Under(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.howeverB.whileC.neverthelessD.but(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.admittingB.evaluatingC.ensuringD.finding(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.consideredB.regardedC.recognizedD.acknowledged(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.thatC.whereD.which(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.thoughB.wh
9、etherC.becauseD.if(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.standardsB.levelsC.ruleD.criteria(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.attemptsB.surpassesC.risksD.ventures(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.directsB.aimsC.reachesD.ascends(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.behindB.shortC.throughD.apart(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.where(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.more
10、 thanB.rather thanC.less thanD.other than(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.withC.toD.for(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.followingB.huntingC.seekingD.pursuing(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.restrainingB.restrictingC.enclosingD.bounding(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.domainB.extentC.rangeD.scope(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.approachB.occurC.happenD.co
11、me(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.asC.becauseD.when二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：52.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._Until last year, Alan Felzer was an energetic engineering profess
12、or who took the stairs to his classes two steps at a time. Now the 64-year-old grandfather sits strapped to a wheelchair, able to move little but his left hand, his voice a near-whisper. Felzer suffers from ALS, also known as Lou Gehrigs disease. The fatal neurological disorder steals the bodys abil
13、ity to move, speak and ultimately to breathe. But rather than succumb to despair along with his illness, Felzer turned to the Web to become his own medical researcherand his own guinea pig. Dozens of ALS patients are testing treatments on their own without waiting on the slow pace of medical researc
14、h. They are part of an emerging group of patients willing to share intimate health details on the Web in hopes of making their own medical discoveries. Some doctors caution that such patient-led research lacks rigor and may lead to unreliable results, false hopes and harm to patients. “The Internet
15、is a wonderful tool, but you know, its buyer beware,“ said Dr. Edward Langston, immediate past chairman of the American Medical Associations board. In Felzers case, the experiments results illustrate the obstacles that stand between patients and self-discovered breakthroughs. The drug he tried did n
16、o good. But he and his family felt they had little time and little to lose in trying. “ALS is such a short illness,“ said Felzers wife, Laura. She helps her husband communicate using sign language with his one good hand when his slow, halting words become difficult to understand. “You want to do wha
17、t you can as fast as you can.“ The U. S. Food and Drug Administration has approved only one drug to treat ALS symptoms. It only works for some patients, and its effects are limited. As a result, Internet forums for ALS patients brim with links to the latest research offering any hint of promise. Aft
18、er Alan Felzer was diagnosed last year, his 33-year-old daughter, Karen, dived into the forums and found new hope. Working online, Karen Felzer and Macedo recruited nearly 200 patients worldwide to take a specific lithium dosage and answer standard surveys to gauge their symptoms. They began running
19、 their study through a Web site called PatientsLikeMe. com, using it to attract volunteers and track their progress. On the site, patients share detailed information about their symptoms and the drugs they are taking. The site focuses on conditions that have stubbornly resisted medical science, such
20、 as ALS, Parkinsons and multiple sclerosis. The sites founders hope professional and amateur researchers alike will dip into the resulting pool of data and emerge with insights that lead to better treatments. “My ultimate frustration that drove this site into existence was an overall feeling that th
21、ere was a lack of transparency and speed or urgency“ by the medical system, said Jamie Heywood, who co-founded PatientsLikeMe months before his own brother died of AI.S.（分数：10.00）(1).Some ALS patients or their family turn to the Web for help because_.（分数：2.00）A.they can share information about the e
22、ffect of some treatmentsB.they can get information about newly developed medicinesC.the medical community has obviously neglect their demandsD.they know they are going to die and grow desperate(2).Dr. Edward Langstons attitude towards patient-led research is one of_.（分数：2.00）A.indignationB.approvalC
23、.disapprovalD.reserved consent(3).It can be inferred that the lithium dosage_.（分数：2.00）A.is a disease that defies medical treatmentB.is a new medicine for ALS patientsC.will turn out to be a promising medicine for ALSD.is a standard survey for a new medicine(4).The PatientLikeMe Web site_.（分数：2.00）A
24、.has given feedback to the medical communityB.was created by a terminally ill patientC.has produced some limited effectsD.is created mainly for incurable diseases(5).Which of the following is true according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.Patient-led research is risky and should be banned.B.Drug sales on t
25、he Web have gone out of control.C.Patient-led drug trials defy medical system.D.ALS is the most deadly disease identified so far.Helping teachers to lift student achievement more effectively has become a major theme in US education. Most efforts that are now in their early stages or being planned fo
26、cus either on building the skills of teachers already in the classroom or on retaining the best and dismissing the least effective performers. The question of who should actually teach and how the nation s schools might attract more young people from the top tier of college graduates, as part of a s
27、ystematic effort to improve teaching in the United States, has received comparatively little attention. McKinseys experience with school systems in more than 50 countries suggests that this is an important gap in the US debate. In a new report, Closing the Talent Gap : Attracting and Retaining Top-T
28、hird Graduates to Careers in Teaching , we review the experiences of the worlds top-performing systems, in Finland, Singapore, and South Korea. These countries recruit 100 percent of their teacher corps from the top third of the academic cohort. Along with strong training and good working conditions
29、, this extraordinary selectivity is part of an integrated system that promotes the prestige of teachingand has achieved extraordinary results. In the United States, by contrast, only 23 percent of new teachers come from the top third, and just 14 percent of new teachers who come from the top third w
30、ork in high-poverty schools, where attracting and retaining talented people is particularly difficult. The report asks what it would take to emulate nations that systematically recruit top students to teaching if the United States decided that it was worthwhile to do so. McKinseys survey of nearly 1
31、,500 top-third US college students and current teachers, highlighted in the report, shows that a major effort would be needed to attract and retain the best students to teaching. The stakes are high: recent McKinsey research found that a persistent achievement gap between US students and those in to
32、p-performing nations imposes the economic equivalent of a permanent national recession. Research on whether the academic background of teachers is a useful predictor of classroom effectiveness has had mixed results, and no single reforjn can be depicted as a silver bullet. But the success of the bes
33、t-performing national systems suggests that an effort to attract the countrys top students to teaching deserves serious examination as part of a comprehensive human-capital strategy for the US education system.（分数：10.00）(1).Among efforts to improve teaching in the United States, the following has re
34、ceived much attention EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.dismissing the least effective performersB.building the skills of teachersC.retaining the best teachersD.attracting more young people from the top tier of college graduates(2).Which of the following statements is not true according to the second paragraph?（分数
35、：2.00）A.American teachers are inferior to those of Finland, Singapore, or South Korea.B.There are the worlds top-performing systems in teaching in Finland, Singapore, and South Korea.C.The extraordinary selectivity in recruiting teachers is part of an integrated system that promotes the prestige of
36、teaching.D.In the United States, attracting and retaining talented people is particularly difficult in those high-poverty schools.(3).We can see from the third paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.the United States has attracted and retained the best students to teachingB.the performance of US students influe
37、nces the national recessionC.there is no gap between US students and those in top-performing nationsD.1,500 top-third US college students have become teachers(4).We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.only attracting and retaining the best graduates to teaching will not ne
38、cessarily lift student achievementB.the experiences of the worlds top-performing systems are a silver bullet to reform the American educationC.there are no similarities between American education system and the best-performing national systemsD.the academic background of teachers can predict the cla
39、ssroom effectiveness(5).What is the authors attitude towards American education system?（分数：2.00）A.factual.B.critical.C.indifferent.D.approval.The film-awards season, which reaches its tearful climax with the Oscars next week, has long been only loosely related to the film business. Hollywood is dedi
40、cated to the art of fun neling teenagers past popcorn stands, not art itself. But this years awards are less relevant than ever. The true worth of a film is no longer decided by the crowd that assembles in the Kodak Theatreor, indeed, by any American. It is decided by youngsters in countries such as
41、 Russia, China and Brazil. Hollywood has always been an international business, but it is becoming dramatically more so. In the past decade total box-office spending has risen by about one-third in North America while more than doubling elsewhere. Thanks to Harry Potter,Sherlock Holmes and “Inceptio
42、n“, Warner Bros made $ 2.93 billion outside North America last year, smashing the studios previous record of $ 2.24 billion. Falling DVD sales in America, by far the worlds biggest home-entertainment market, mean Hollywood is even more dependent on foreign punters . The rising foreign tide has lifte
43、d films that were virtually written off in America, such as “Prince of Persia“ and “The Chronicles of Narnia: the Voyage of the Dawn Treader“. Despite starring the popular Jack Black, “Gullivers Travels“ had a disappointing run in North America, taking $ 42m at the box office so far. But strong turn
44、out in Russia and South Korea helped it reach almost $ 150m in sales elsewhere. As a result, it should turn a profit, says John Davis, the films producer. The growth of the international box office is partly a result of the dollars weakness. It was also helped by “Avatar“, and eco-fantasy that made
45、a startling $2 billion outside North America. But three things are particularly important: a cinema boom in the emerging world, a concerted effort by the major studios to make films that might play well outside America and a global marketing push to make sure they do. Russia, with its shrinking teen
46、age population, is an unlikely spot for a box-office boom. Yet cinema-building is proceeding apace, and supply has created demand. Last year 160m cinema tickets were sold in Russiathe first time in recent years that sales have exceeded the countrys population. Ticket prices have risen, in part becau
47、se the new cinemas are superior, with digital projectors that can show 3D films. The big Hollywood studios are muscling domestic film-makers aside. In 2007 American films made almost twice as much at the Russian box office as domestic films8.3 billion roubles ( $ 325m) compared with 4.5 billion. Las
48、t year the imported stuff made some 16.4 billion roubles: more than five times as much as the home-grown product, estimates Movie Research, a Moscow outfit. Earlier this month Vladimir Putin, Russias Prime Minister, said the government would spend less money supporting Russian film-makers and more on expanding the number of screens.（分数：10.00）(1).We can learn from Paragraph one that_.（分数：2.00）A.oscar will reach its tearful climax next weekB.film awards
