1、考研英语（二）-试卷 99 及答案解析(总分：136.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_As I type these lines, my daughter, Harriet, who is 14, is on her iPhone skipping a
2、mong no fewer than eight social media sites. My son, Penn, who is 15, will be asleep for hours yet. He was 【C1】_ all night with a friend playing two video games, in a jag fueled by his favorite foodlike【C2】_ . I like that my kids are comfortable and alert in the wired world. But increasingly I am【C3
3、】_ for them. It s more【C4】_ every day that screens have gradually stolen them from themselves. My wife, Cree, and I have【C5】_ them to drift quite distantly into the online world, and we fear our casualness has been a 【C6】_. Each summer Cree and I resolve to【C7】_ things back. This is【C8】_ we draft ru
4、les for a new school year, strictures like: no laptops in bedrooms during the week; homework before screen time; no electronics after 10 p.m These rules invariably begin to【C9】_ by Day 3. By Day 4, there is pleading, and the discreet slamming of doors. By Day 8, no one is sure what the【C10】_ are any
5、more. Were back where we started, and plump with fear. This year it【C11】_ to me we needed help. So I sat down with a new book that【C12】_ assistance, and understanding. It is The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationships in the Digital Age, whose primary【C13】_, Catherine Steiner-A
6、dair, is a clinical psychologist who teaches at Harvard Medical School. Her book is【C14】_ on thousands of interviews, and it can be eloquent about the need to ration our childrens computer time. Here the author has pinned me. I like to think I m a good father, perhaps even casually【C15】_ in my bette
7、r moments, 【C16】_ there is zero doubt that, without my iPhone in my palm, I feel I lose something since Im fairly【C17】_.I must change my life a bit. Cree and I are still hammering out our kids computer rules. We are trying to【C18】_ in mind that were not our kids best friends; were their【C19】_. And w
8、e are【C20】_ if theres an app for fortitude.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.outB.awakenC.awayD.up(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.objectsB.substancesC.thingsD.materials(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.disappointedB.satisfiedC.terrifiedD.worried(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.commonB.seriousC.negativeD.apparent(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.stoppedB.allowe
9、dC.suggestedD.admitted(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.habitB.failureC.fortuneD.disaster(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.reinB.payC.returnD.keep(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.whatC.whereD.because(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.workB.pauseC.ceaseD.crack(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.electronicsB.punishmentsC.rulesD.concerns(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.occurredB.to
10、okC.leftD.seemed(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.appliesB.relatesC.offersD.features(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.characterB.authorC.partnerD.editor(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.writtenB.identifiedC.basedD.put(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.inferiorB.superbC.niceD.playful(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.andB.besidesC.butD.as(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.confuse
11、dB.regretableC.lonelyD.obsessive(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.putB.rememberC.stayD.keep(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.relativesB.parentsC.companionsD.enemies(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.wonderingB.thinkingC.guessingD.hoping二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：52.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the f
12、ollowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._I can tap my smartphone and a cab will arrive almost immediately. Another tap will tell me the latest news, value my share portfolio or give me route directions to my next meeting. As a result, I do not need to stand
13、 on a street corner vainly trying to hail a taxi to the theatre, lose myself in London streets. The changes that have occurred in the past decade have, from an economic perspective, increased at virtually no cost the efficiency of household production. The data framework within which economic analys
14、is is conducted is largely the product of the second world war. In the 1930s American economist Simon Kuznets began to elaborate a system of national accounts. That work was given impetus when the war led governments to take control of important sectors of economic activity. It was soon realized tha
15、t this required far better data than had previously existed, which in turn raised the challenge of how best to structure such information. Household productionwomens work as homemakersdid not have much of a look-in; that was not the front line against fascism. The joke about the man who reduced nati
16、onal income by marrying his housekeeper, so that a market transaction became part of household production, was once a mandatory part of every introductory course on national income accounting but has succumbed to political correctness. Technological advance has always enhanced household as well as b
17、usiness efficiency. Our domestic productivity has benefited from washing machines, vacuum cleaners and central heating, and before that from electric light and automobiles. But at least these things were partially accounted for: from an economic perspective a car is a faster and cheaper horse. Stati
18、sticians in principle incorporated these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods into their measurement of productivity, though in practice they did not try very hard. But the technological advances of the past decade seem to have increased the efficiency of households, rather than the effi
19、ciency of businesses, to an unusual extent. An ereader in the pocket replaces a roomful of books, and all the worlds music is streamed to my computer. We look at aggregate statistics and worry about the slowdown in growth and productivity. But the evidence of our eyes seems to tell a different story
20、.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be implied from the first paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.a new smartphone is createdB.the new smartphone has changed people s lifeC.there are many changes in the past decadeD.economically speaking, the changes have improved the efficiency of household production(2).Creating the sys
21、tem of national accounts was given impetus when_.（分数：2.00）A.governments controlled the important sectors of economic activity during the warB.people realized this demanded far better dataC.it began to raise the challenge of how best to structure such informationD.it needed more data than before(3).T
22、he phrase “succumbed to“ is closest in meaning to_.（分数：2.00）A.turned toB.submitted toC.gave upD.sent out(4).Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.Technological advance has always improved the business efficiency.B.Our domestic productivity has benefited from technolo
23、gical advance.C.Statisticians in practice tried very hard as they did in principle.D.In principle, the statisticians should consider these improvements in the efficiency of consumer goods when they measure productivity.(5).According to the last paragraph, the author believes_.（分数：2.00）A.the technolo
24、gical advances have an unusual effect on people s lifeB.the technological advances bring treats to real storesC.we dont need to be worried about the slowdown in growth and productivityD.the evidence in life seems to be disadvantageousEver since Muzak started serenading patrons of hotels and restaura
25、nts in the 1930s, piped-in music has been part of the consumer experience. Without the throb of a synthesiser or a guitars twang, shoppers would sense something missing as they tried on jeans or filled up trolleys. Specialists like Mood Media, which bought Muzak in 2011, devise audio programmes to i
26、nfluence the feel of shops and cater to customers tastes. The idea is to entertain, and thereby prolong the time shoppers spend in stores, says Claude Nahon, the firms international chief. Music by famous artists works better than the generic stuff that people associate with Muzak. The embarrassing
27、brand name was dropped in 2013. Online shopping is an under-explored area of merchandising musicology. A new study commissioned by eBay, a shopping website, aims to correct that. Some 1,900 participants were asked to simulate online shopping while listening to different sounds. Some results were uns
28、urprising. The noise of roadworks and crying babies soured shoppers views of the products on offer. Chirruping birds encouraged sales of barbecues but not blenders or board games. Sounds associated with quality and luxury seemed to be hazardous for shoppers wallets. The study found classical music a
29、nd restaurant buzz caused them to overestimate the quality of goods on offer and to pay more than they should. That backs up earlier research which found that shoppers exposed to classical music in a wine store bought more expensive bottles than those hearing pop. EBay wants consumers to avoid such
30、unhealthy influences when shopping online. It has blended birdsong, dreamy music and the sound of a rolling trainthought to be pleasant but not overly seductiveto help them buy more sensibly. Retailers could presumably counter by turning up the Chopin. “Classical music does seem to be the way to go“
31、 if your only interest is the narrow one of squeezing as much money as possible from your clientele, says the studys author, Patrick Fagan, a lecturer at Goldsmiths, part of the University of London. Few traditional shops are likely to use that tactic. H when the leadership team at a London-based po
32、wer company decreased their email output, employees followed suit. Mr. Moffatt says one of the reasons hes so public about his unplugging is to show his employees that it is important to have a life outside of work. Plus, his occasional absences give colleagues the chance to exercise more power. “It
33、 sends a pretty strong signal to your team: I don t have to be there all the time,“ he says. Handing over the reins does occasionally come with growing pains. Mr. Thurston of Cultivated Wit eschewed everything from work email to Facebook to Instagram last December and found it to be a “humbling“ exp
34、erience.（分数：10.00）(1).The author mentions Baratunde Thurston and Spencer Rascoff to show that_.（分数：2.00）A.some chief executives are favorable to be aloneB.micro-disconnecting is a hard time for executivesC.Internet detox enjoys its popularity recentlyD.CEOs are able to completely cut the wire(2).Whi
35、ch of the following is NOT true according to Paragraphs 3-4?（分数：2.00）A.Without technology, Mr. Rascoff thinks more thoughtfully.B.Without technology, Leslie Perlow thinks people work more efficiently.C.Jim Moffatt finds occasionally unplugging helps him easier to solve problems.D.Jim Moffatts case s
36、hows time away from work helps make global strategies.(3).The reasons that Mr. Moffatt is public about his unplugging exclude_.（分数：2.00）A.it can offer an opportunity to test the loyalty of his employeesB.it is vital to show his employees having a life out of workC.employees are offered opportunities
37、 to exercise more powerD.it can send a message that sometimes he can be absent(4).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.its difficult for Mr. Thurston to turn off InternetB.Facebook and Instagram are indispensable tools in workC.its painful sometimes to delegate powerD.keeping
38、away from Internet makes people humble(5).The most appropriate title for this text could be_.（分数：2.00）A.The Reflections of CEOsB.At Work: Unplugging Can HelpC.Unplugging Encourages to Think IndependentlyD.Stay Away from High Technology4.Part B_A Learn How to Recognize Your Soul MateB Take Religion S
39、eriouslyC Consider Marrying YoungD Learn to Read RegularlyE Watch “Groundhog Day“ RepeatedlyF Eventually Stop Fretting about Fame and FortuneG Cultivate the Habit of Watching Movies A few years ago, I took it upon myself to start writing tips for the young staff where I work about how to avoid doing
40、 things that would make their supervisors write them off. At that point, I had to deal with a reality: When it comes to a life filled with deep and lasting satisfactions, most of the cliches are true. How could I make them sound fresh to a new generation? Heres how I tried. 1 The age of marriage for
41、 college graduates has been increasing for decades, and this cultural shift has been a good thing. But should you assume that marriage is still out of the question when youre 25? Im not suggesting that you decide ahead of time that you will get married in your 20s. Im just pointing out that you shou
42、ldnt exclude the possibility. If you get married in your 20s, it is likely to be a startup. What are the advantages of a startup marriage? For one thing, you will both have memories of your life together when it was all still up in the air. Youll have fun remembering the years when you went from bei
43、ng scared newcomers to the point at which you realized you were going to make it. 2 Marry someone with similar tastes and preferences. Which tastes and preferences? The ones that will affect life almost every day. It is absolutely crucial that you really, really like your spouse. You hear it all the
44、 time from people who are in great marriages: “Im married to my best friend.“ They are being literal. A good working definition of “soul mate“ is “your closest friend, to whom you are also sexually attracted.“ 3 One of my assumptions about you is that you are ambitiousmeaning that you hope to become
45、 famous, rich or both, and intend to devote intense energy over the next few decades to pursuing those dreams. That is as it should be. But suppose you arrive at age 40, and you enjoy your work, have found your soul mate, are raising a couple of terrific kidsand recognize that you will probably neve
46、r become either rich or famous. At that point, it is important to know fame and wealth do accomplish something: They cure ambition anxiety. But thats all. It isnt much. 4 Start by jarring yourself out of unreflective atheism or agnosticism. A good way to do that is to read about contemporary cosmolo
47、gy. That reading wont lead you to religion, but it may stop you from being unreflective. Start reading religious literature. The past hundred years have produced excellent and accessible work, much of it written by people who came to adulthood as uninvolved in religion as you are. 5 Without the slig
48、htest bit of preaching, The movie “Groundhog Day“ shows the bumpy, unplanned evolution of his protagonist from a jerk to a fully realized human beinga person who has learned to experience deep, lasting and justified satisfaction with life even though he has only one day to work with. You could learn the same truths by studying Aristotles “Ethic
