1、考研英语（一）模拟试卷 195 及答案解析(总分：144.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd., one of the six companie
2、s, created out of the privatized national railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth 【B1】_ its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations 【B2】_ is drawing interest. In a plan called “Station Renaissance“ that it 【B3】_ in November, JR East said that it would 【B4】_ using i
3、ts commercial spaces for shops and restaurants, extending them to 【B5】_ more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up 【B6】_ for such goods as books, flowers and groceries 【B7】_ over the Internet. In a country where city 【B8】_ depend heavily on trains 【B9】_ commuting, abou
4、t 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway, the company 【B10】_ So, picking up commodities at train stations. 【B11】_ consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station 【B12】_ stores for this purpose, but it plans to create 【B13】_ spaces for th
5、e delivery of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce 【B14】_ cards-known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for 【B15】_ information 【B16】_ train tickets and commuter passes 【B17】_ the magnetic ones used today, integrating them into a/an 【B18】_ pass. This will save th
6、e company money, because 【B19】_ for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also 【B20】_ the space needed for ticket vending.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.perspectivesB.outlooksC.prospectsD.spectacles(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.creativelyB.originallyC.authentica
7、llyD.initially(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.displayedB.demonstratedC.embarkedD.unveiled(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.go beyondB.set outC.come aroundD.spread over(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.applicationsB.enterprisesC.functionsD.performances(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.districtsB.vicinitiesC.resortsD.locations(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.acquiredB.pur
8、chasedC.presidedD.attained(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.lodgersB.tenantsC.dwellersD.boarders(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.forB.inC.ofD.as(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.figuresB.exhibitsC.convincesD.speculates(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.deprivesB.retrievesC.sparesD.exempts(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.conjunctionB.convenienceC.departmentD.ornament
9、(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.delegatedB.designatedC.devotedD.dedicated(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.cleverB.smartC.ingeniousD.intelligent(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.checkingB.gatheringC.holdingD.accommodating(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.asB.forC.withD.of(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.but forB.as well asC.instead ofD.more than(18).【B18】（分数：2
10、.00）A.uniqueB.singleC.unitaryD.only(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.devicesB.instrumentsC.readersD.examiners(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.reduceB.narrowC.dwarfD.shrink二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：60.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below ea
11、ch text by choosing A, B, C or D._Menorca or Majorca? It is that time of the year again. The brochures are piling up in travel agents while newspapers and magazines bulge with advice about where to go. But the traditional packaged holiday, a British innovation that provided many timid natives with t
12、heir first experience of warm sand, is not what it was. Indeed, the industry is anxiously awaiting a High Court ruling to find out exactly what it now is. Two things have changed the way Britons research and book their holidays: low-cost airlines and the Internet. Instead of buying a ready-made pack
13、age consisting of a flight, hotel, car hire and assorted entertainment from a tour operators brochure, it is now convenient to put together a trip using an online travel agent like Expedia or Travelocity , which last July bought Lastminute. com for 577 million, or from the proliferating websites of
14、airlines, hotels and car-rental firms. This has led some to sound the death knell for high-street travel agents and tour operators. There have been upheavals and closures, but the traditional firms are starting to fight back, in part by moving more of their business online. First Choice Holidays, fo
15、r instance, saw its pre-tax profit rise by 16% to 114 million in the year to the end of October. Although the total number of holidays booked has fallen, the company is concentrating on more valuable long-haul and adventure trips. First Choice now sells more than half its trips directly, either thro
16、ugh the Internet, over the telephone or from its own travel shops. It wants that to reach 75% within a few years. Other tour operators are showing similar hustle. MyTravel managed to cut its loss by almost half in 2005. Thomas Cook and Thomson Holidays, now both German owned, are also bullish about
17、the coming holiday season. Highstreet travel agents are having a tougher time, though, not least because many leading tour operations have cut the commissions they pay. Some high-street travel agents are also learning to live with the Internet, helping people book complicated trips which they have r
18、esearched online, providing advice and tacking on other services. This is seen as a growth area. But if an agent puts together separate flights, and hotel accommodation, is that a package, too? The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) says it is and the agent should hold an Air Travel Organisers Licence,
19、which provides financial guarantees to repatriate people and provide refunds. The scheme dates from the early 1970s, when some large British travel firms went bust, stranding customers on the Costas. Although such failures are less common these days, the CAA had to help out some 30,000 people last y
20、ear. The Association of British Travel Agents went to the High Court in November to argue such bookings are not traditional packages and so do not require agents to acquire the costly licences. While the court decides, millions of Britons will happily click away buying online holidays, unaware of th
21、e difference.（分数：10.00）(1).Based on the first paragraph, which of the followings could be the title of text?（分数：2.00）A.An annual holiday.B.A High Court ruling.C.A new package.D.A British innovation.(2).The text suggests that the shift in the method of holiday booking in UK is associated with（分数：2.00
22、）A.the popularity of electronics.B.the costly licences.C.hotels and car rental firms.D.the traditional ideology.(3).According to the text, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.To put together a trip using a traditional travel agent is not hard at present.B.To sound the death knell for tour oper
23、ator is unacceptable and inhumane.C.Some high-street travel agents defy the model of surviving with the Internet.D.Traditional tour firms grapple with the Internet.(4).The word “hustle“ in the topic sentence of the fourth paragraph most probably denotes（分数：2.00）A.demand.B.hostility.C.sale.D.prejudic
24、e.(5).According to the first and last paragraphs, which of the following is still in suspense?（分数：2.00）A.A legal definition.B.A congestion charge.C.Financial guarantee.D.An adventure trip.The Bush administration is going to propose far-reaching new rules which would give people with disabilities gre
25、ater access to tens of thousands of courtrooms, swimming pools, golf courses, stadiums, theaters, hotels and retail stores. The proposal would substantially update and rewrite federal standards for enforcement of the Americans With Disabilities Act, which is a landmark civil rights law passed with s
26、trong bipartisan support in 19 90. The new rules would set more stringent requirements in a lot of areas and address some issues for the first time, in an effort to meet the needs of an aging population and increasing numbers of disabled war veterans. More than seven million businesses and all state
27、 and local government agencies would be influenced. The proposal includes some exemptions for parts of existing buildings, but any new construction or renovations would have to comply. The new standards would affect everything from the location of light switches to the height of retail service count
28、ers, to the use of monkeys as “service animals“ for people with disabilities, which would be forbidden. The White House approved the proposal in May after a five-month review. It will be published in the Federal Register on Tuesday, with 6 0 days for public comment. After considering those comments,
29、 the government would issue final rules with the force of law. Already, the proposal is stirring concern. The United States Chamber of Commerce says it would be onerous and costly, while advocates for disabled Americans say it does not go far enough. Since the disability law was signed by the first
30、President Bush, advances in technology have made services more available to people with disabilities. But Justice Department officials said they were still receiving large numbers of complaints. In recent months, the federal government has settled lawsuits securing more seats for disabled fans at Ma
31、dison Square Garden in New York and at the nations largest college football stadium, at the University of Michigan. The Justice Department acknowledged that some of the changes would have significant costs. But over all, it said, the value of the public benefits, estimated at ￥54 billion, exceeds th
32、e expected costs of ￥23 billion. In an economic analysis of the proposed rules, the Justice Department said the need for an accessible environment was greater than ever because the Iraq war was “creating a new generation of young men and women with disabilities.“ John L. Wodatch, chief of the disabi
33、lity rights section of the Justice Department, said: “Disability is inherent in the human condition. The vast majority of individuals who are fortunate enough to reach an advanced age will benefit from the proposed requirements.“（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the followings is true about the Bush administra
34、tions proposal of new rules?（分数：2.00）A.It is made on behalf of the aging people and disabled former army men.B.It is a revised edition of the Americans With Disabilities Act.C.It is a landmark civil rights law with the supports from both Parties.D.It is the first proposal setting stricter requiremen
35、t for some issues.(2).The current public comments on the proposal are（分数：2.00）A.pleasant.B.impractical.C.inconsistent.D.accordant.(3).The case of securing more seats for disabled fans is mentioned in paragraph 4 to（分数：2.00）A.illustrate the Justice Department officials heavy burden.B.prove the disabl
36、ed fans enthusiasm for sport-events.C.indicate the low efficiency of modern technology.D.exemplify the inadequacy of the accessible service for the disabled.(4).We can learn from the last paragraph that the proposed rules would（分数：2.00）A.be costly and impose pressure on the government.B.be profitabl
37、e and bring interests to citizens.C.be beneficial to both the aged and the disabled.D.be a compensate to those Iraq war victims.(5).Which of the followings could be the title of the Text?（分数：2.00）A.Expensive Changes Proposed by BushB.Plan Seeks More Access for DisabledC.The Revision of the Americans
38、 With Disabilities ActD.Comments on the Governmental ProposalArtificial hearts have long been the stuff of science fiction. In “Robocop“, snazzy cardiac devices are made by Yamaha and Jensen, and in “Star Trek“, Jean-Luc Picard, captain of the Enterprise, has one implanted in the year 2328. In the p
39、resent day, however, their history has been more chequered. The first serious attempt to build one happened in the 1980s, when Jarvik-7, made by Robert Jarvik, a surgeon at the University of Utah, captured the worlds attention. But Jarvik-7 was a complicated affair that needed to be connected via tu
40、bes to machines outside the body. The patient could not go home, nor even turn around in bed. Scientists have tried many other designs, but all were seen as temporary expedients intended to tide a patient over until the real thing became available from a human donor. That may be about to change. Thi
41、s week, Americas Food and Drug Administration gave its approval to a new type of artificial heart made by Abiomed, a firm based near Boston. The agency granted a “humanitarian device exemption“ , a restricted form of approval that will allow doctors to implant the new device in people whose hearts a
42、re about to fail but who cannot, for reasons such as intolerance of the immunosuppressive drugs needed to stop rejection, receive a transplant. Such people have a life expectancy of less than a month, but a dozen similarly hopeless patients implanted with Abiomeds heart survived for about five month
43、s. Unlike Dr. Jarviks device, this newfangled bundle of titanium and polyurethane aims to set the patient free. An electric motor which revolves up to 10,000 times a minute pushes an incompressible fluid around the Abiomed heart, and that fluid, in turn, pushes the bloodfirst to the lungs to be oxyg
44、enated, and then around the body. Power is supplied by an electric current generated in a pack outside the body. This induces current in the motor inside the heart. All diagnostics are done remotely, using radio signals. There are no tubes or wires coming out of the patient. The charger is usually p
45、lugged into the mains, but if armed with a battery it can be carried around for hours in a vest or backpack, thus allowing the patient to roam freely. Most strikingly, the devices internal battery can last half an hour before it needs recharging. That allows someone time to take a shower or even go
46、for a quick swim without having to wear the charger. Abiomeds chairman, Michael Minogue, does not claim that his firms product will displace human transplants. Even so, the firm has big ambitions. It is already developing a new version that will be 30% smaller (meaning more women can use it) and wil
47、l last for five years. That should be ready by 2008320 years earlier than the writers of “Star Trek“ predicted.（分数：10.00）(1).“Star Trek“ is mentioned in the text in order to（分数：2.00）A.depict the long history of artificial hearts in science fiction.B.enumerate artificial hearts of all sorts on sale.C
48、.provide background for the discussion of artificial hearts.D.emphasize the great efforts made by Yamaha and Jensen in the development of artificial hearts.(2).It can be concluded from the second paragraph that（分数：2.00）A.the regulatory approval is limited with respect to the scope of application.B.the life expectancy will not be improved compared with that indicated by the current record.C.Americas Food and Drug Administration gave its approval to a new type of artificial heart.D.Doctors will implant the new de
