1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 83 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_If this weekend is yawning ahead of you, offering nothing but the same old rou
2、tines and household duties, then don“t despair: boredom is good for you, a new study claims. Far from【C1】_the mind and leading to a lack of productivity, boredom can【C2】_people to seek out ways of being selfless and to engage in prosocial tasks,【C3】_uneasy ones such as giving blood. “Bored people fe
3、el that their actions are【C4】_and so they are motivated to engage in meaningful behavior,“ said Wjjnand van Tilburg, co-author of the paper, A Pragmatic MeaningRegulation Hypothesis on Boredom and Prosocial Behavior. If prosocial behavior【C5】_this requirement, boredom promotes prosocial behavior. “
4、Investigating the link between boredom and prosocial behavior is not only highly【C6】_but also counter-intuitive,“ said Van Tilburg, “Past research has【C7】_boredom almost exclusively with disgusting correlates,【C8】_closer inspection suggests a much richer【C9】_of potential consequences that may well g
5、o beyond merely negative outcomes, such as prosocial behavior. Boredom makes people【C10】_different and purposeful activities, and as a result they turn towards more challenging and meaningful activities, turning towards what they【C11】_to be really meaningful in life. Of course, this does not mean th
6、at boredom is necessary for prosocial behavior. It is one positive【C12】_of an utterly negative experience, demonstrating the【C13】_character of how people attempt to re-establish a【C14】_of meaningfulness.“ The paper has been【C15】_by Adrian Savage, an editor at the online life coach site. “Being bored
7、 turns your mind【C16】_and encourages reflection. When you“re rushing【C17】_there“s no time to think. When you“re bored, there“s nothing else to do but think,“ he said. “Boredom is nearly always【C18】_to creativity. It isn“t true that creativity is mostly【C19】_by having a specific problem to be solved.
8、 It“s far more likely to arise because the person is bored with the way something has been done a thousand times before and wants to try something new. Boredom stimulates the search for better【C20】_to things like nothing else does.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.dullingB.frustratingC.hurtingD.lowering
9、(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.requireB.demandC.inspireD.compel(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.distinctivelyB.particularlyC.speciallyD.specifically(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.boringB.ridiculousC.meaninglessD.useless(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.coincidesB.fulfillsC.arrivesD.equals(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.normalB.traditionalC.naturalD.novel(7).【C7】（分
10、数：2.00）A.combinedB.tangledC.associatedD.corresponded(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.yetC.orD.as(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.rayB.groupC.suitD.array(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.long forB.long toC.agree inD.agree with(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.revealB.perceiveC.spotD.confirm(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.actionB.effectC.feelingD.feedback(
11、13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.comicB.epidemicC.romanticD.dynamic(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.flavorB.moodC.senseD.mode(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.welcomedB.opposedC.doubtedD.noticed(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.inwardB.downwardC.forwardD.outward(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.offB.outC.aboutD.through(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.perfectB.essentialC.spi
12、ritualD.typical(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.glitteredB.flaredC.flashedD.sparked(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.thoughtsB.waysC.toolsD.activities【C1】_the way it feels, loneliness often has nothing to do with being alone. For some people, feelings of【C2】_are sharpest during times that are in fact defined by togetherness
13、celebrations or the holidays, for instance. 【C3】_a bustling shopping mall or a buzzing holiday party, and even within a crowdor perhaps especially in a crowdit“s possible to feel unbearably alone. New research from experts in neuroscience and social science may give us some【C4】_as to why. Although w
14、e tend to think of it as a self-contained emotional statea condition that【C5】_people individually, either by circumstance or by means of an antisocial personalityresearchers now say that loneliness is more far-reaching than that. John Cacioppo, a psychologist at the University of Chicago, believes i
15、t is a social【C6】_that exists within a society and can【C7】_through it like a disease. And while everyone feels lonely once in a while, for some it becomes a(n)【C8】_condition, one that has been【C9】_with more serious psychological ills like【C10】_, sleep disfunction, high blood pressure and even a(n)【C
16、11】_risk of dementia in older age. Cacioppo and his team【C12】_on the children in Framingham. The results were【C13】_: If one person reported feeling lonely at one【C14】_, his closest connections (either family or close friends) were 52% more【C15】_to also report feeling lonely two years later. The effe
17、ct was strongest among those in close relationships, declining【C16】_the connections became more distant, but remained【C17】_up to three degrees of separation【C18】_one lonely person could influence whether his friend“s friend“s friend felt lonely. “Loneliness has been【C19】_in the past as depression, i
18、ntroversion, shyness or poor social skills,“ says Cacioppo. “Those turn out not to be right. Research we and others have done suggests that it really is a fundamental human motivational state very much like hunger, thirst or pain.“【C20】_simply reflecting the emotional state of one person, Cacioppo s
19、ays, loneliness is more like an indicator of the social health of our species on the wholea temperature reading.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.AsB.ConcerningC.AlthoughD.Despite(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.divisionB.isolationC.independenceD.separation(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.Talk aboutB.Look atC.Idle aboutD.Walk into(
20、4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.cluesB.factsC.conclusionsD.methods(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.irritatesB.annoysC.hurtsD.affects(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.behaviorB.practiceC.phenomenonD.work(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.extendB.spreadC.distributeD.diffuse(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.persistentB.insistentC.resistantD.consistent(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.attac
21、hedB.connectedC.combinedD.associated(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.impressionB.depressionC.expressionD.repression(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.additionalB.increasedC.decreasedD.extra(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.imposedB.leanedC.focusedD.insisted(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.fascinatingB.excitingC.illuminatingD.frustrating(14).【C14】（分数
22、：2.00）A.voteB.quizC.pollD.questionnaire(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.sensibleB.accustomedC.likelyD.responsible(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.asB.thoughC.sinceD.whereas(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.seriousB.significantC.limitedD.normal(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.in a wordB.in other wordsC.beyond wordsD.word for word(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）
23、A.confirmedB.doubtedC.receivedD.conceived(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.If onlyB.Even ifC.Rather thanD.Less than考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 83 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A
24、, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：If this weekend is yawning ahead of you, offering nothing but the same old routines and household duties, then don“t despair: boredom is good for you, a new study claims. Far from【C1】_the mind and leading to a lack of productivity, boredom can【C2】_people to seek out ways of
25、 being selfless and to engage in prosocial tasks,【C3】_uneasy ones such as giving blood. “Bored people feel that their actions are【C4】_and so they are motivated to engage in meaningful behavior,“ said Wjjnand van Tilburg, co-author of the paper, A Pragmatic MeaningRegulation Hypothesis on Boredom and
26、 Prosocial Behavior. If prosocial behavior【C5】_this requirement, boredom promotes prosocial behavior. “ Investigating the link between boredom and prosocial behavior is not only highly【C6】_but also counter-intuitive,“ said Van Tilburg, “Past research has【C7】_boredom almost exclusively with disgustin
27、g correlates,【C8】_closer inspection suggests a much richer【C9】_of potential consequences that may well go beyond merely negative outcomes, such as prosocial behavior. Boredom makes people【C10】_different and purposeful activities, and as a result they turn towards more challenging and meaningful acti
28、vities, turning towards what they【C11】_to be really meaningful in life. Of course, this does not mean that boredom is necessary for prosocial behavior. It is one positive【C12】_of an utterly negative experience, demonstrating the【C13】_character of how people attempt to re-establish a【C14】_of meaningf
29、ulness.“ The paper has been【C15】_by Adrian Savage, an editor at the online life coach site. “Being bored turns your mind【C16】_and encourages reflection. When you“re rushing【C17】_there“s no time to think. When you“re bored, there“s nothing else to do but think,“ he said. “Boredom is nearly always【C18
30、】_to creativity. It isn“t true that creativity is mostly【C19】_by having a specific problem to be solved. It“s far more likely to arise because the person is bored with the way something has been done a thousand times before and wants to try something new. Boredom stimulates the search for better【C20
31、】_to things like nothing else does.“（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.dulling B.frustratingC.hurtingD.lowering解析：解析：本句中的 and 表明了前后两个动作的顺承，从后一个动作“导致工作能力缺失”可推出此处应填入一个表示否定意义的词，故选 A 项 dulling“变得迟钝”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.requireB.demandC.inspire D.compel解析：解析：前半句 Far from指出无聊完全不会对思维产生不好影响或导致工作能力缺失，从而可推出，它会激发人们去做
32、一些积极有意义的事情，故选 C 项 inspire“激发灵感”。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.distinctivelyB.particularly C.speciallyD.specifically解析：解析：空格前的名词短语为 prosocial tasks(公益行为)，空格后为 uneasy ones(不愉快的那些)。ones 指代 tasks，故空格前后关系为整体与部分的关系，选 B 项 particularly“特别地”，用以指从所有同类事物中选出的一个。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.boringB.ridiculousC.meaningless D.useless解
33、析：解析：前后两句包含因果关系。后一分句“他们会被激发去从事一些有意义的活动”为果。故可推出，因为无聊的人觉得自己的行为没有意义，所以他们才会想去做些有意义的事情。空格刚好与后一分句的 meaningful 相对应，故选 C 项 meaningless“无意义的”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.coincidesB.fulfills C.arrivesD.equals解析：解析：从前一句可知，无聊的人会被激发去做些有意义的事。而如果公益行为能这种要求，无聊就会促进公益行为。故选 B 项 fulfills“满足”。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.normalB.traditiona
34、lC.naturalD.novel 解析：解析：下文中凡蒂尔堡提到，以往的研究都将无聊与令人厌恶的事物相关联。由此可见，研究无聊和公益行为之间的联系是非常有新意的，故选 D 项 novel“新奇的”。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.combinedB.tangledC.associated D.corresponded解析：解析：从本句中的 correlates(互为关联的事物)可知，过去的研究总是把无聊与令人厌恶的东西联系在一起，故选 C 项 associated，和后面的 with 形成搭配，表示“将联系在一起”。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.becauseB.yet C.o
35、rD.as解析：解析：这里考查两个分句之间的逻辑关系，前一个分句指出过去研究总是认为无聊令人讨厌后一个分句则指出随着更深入的研究，其结果绝不仅仅是消极的。可以看出这两个分句是转折的关系，故选 B项 yet“然而”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.rayB.groupC.suitD.array 解析：解析：此处需要量词修饰 potential consequences(潜在的结果)，应选 D 项 array“一系列”。a array of 意为“大量的”。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.long for B.long toC.agree inD.agree with解析：解析：前
36、面提到无聊的人会被激发去从事一些有意义的活动，由此可知无聊使人们渴望参加不同的有目的性的活动。故选 A 项 long for“渴望”，后接名词或名词短语。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.revealB.perceive C.spotD.confirm解析：解析：本句空格前 they 指代“无聊之人”，空格前的 what 是空格处动词的宾语，空格后“生命中有意义的”是其宾补。只有 B 项 perceive“理解”符合句意和搭配，表示他们认为人生中真正有意义的事情。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.actionB.effect C.feelingD.feedback解析：解析：上
37、文提到无聊会使人渴望不同且有目的性的行为，转向更有挑战性、更有意义的活动。由此可见，这些有意义的举动是无聊这种负面的体验产生的积极效果。故选 B 项 effect“效果”。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.comicB.epidemicC.romanticD.dynamic 解析：解析：从空格后面的 attempt to re-establish(试图重建)可确定选 D 项 dynamic“动态的，充满精力的。有生气的”，代入句中意思是“人们如何重建意义，显示出动态性格”。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.flavorB.moodC.sense D.mode解析：解析：无聊使得
38、人们参与有意义的活动，这是因为人们试图通过做这些事情重建一种有意义的感觉。故选 C 项 sense“感觉”。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.welcomed B.opposedC.doubtedD.noticed解析：解析：下文中这位编辑提到，无聊会激励思索，有助于发挥创造力，可见他是同意前面阐述的观点。故选用 A 项 welcomed“欢迎，接受”。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.inward B.downwardC.forwardD.outward解析：解析：mind(头脑)以及后面的 reflection(思考)都是内心的活动，故选 A 项 inward“内心的”。此
39、处可在下文进一步解释中得到印证。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.offB.outC.about D.through解析：解析：此处是指和无所事事的状态相反的状况。人在无聊时有很多时间进行思考，而总是忙忙碌碌就会无闲暇思考。故选 C 项 about，rush about“总是急匆匆，奔波”。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.perfectB.essential C.spiritualD.typical解析：解析：此段都在讲无聊的好处，故此处也在讲无聊对创造力的积极作用，可推测无聊对创造力的发挥很有必要。故选 B 项 essential“必要的”。(19).【C19】（分数：2.
40、00）A.glitteredB.flaredC.flashedD.sparked 解析：解析：根据句中已知信息，创造力并不是要去解决一个具体问题才有的，换言之，不是由具体问题引起的。故选 D 项 sparked“触发”，呼应后面的 arise(引起)。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.thoughtsB.ways C.toolsD.activities解析：解析：本题属于原词重现。前句提到，人们对重复用同一个方法做一件事情感到厌烦了。故推测，无聊刺激人们尝试新的方法，寻找更好的方法，故选 B 项 ways“方法”，与前面的 the way 相照应。【C1】_the way it fee
41、ls, loneliness often has nothing to do with being alone. For some people, feelings of【C2】_are sharpest during times that are in fact defined by togethernesscelebrations or the holidays, for instance. 【C3】_a bustling shopping mall or a buzzing holiday party, and even within a crowdor perhaps especial
42、ly in a crowdit“s possible to feel unbearably alone. New research from experts in neuroscience and social science may give us some【C4】_as to why. Although we tend to think of it as a self-contained emotional statea condition that【C5】_people individually, either by circumstance or by means of an anti
43、social personalityresearchers now say that loneliness is more far-reaching than that. John Cacioppo, a psychologist at the University of Chicago, believes it is a social【C6】_that exists within a society and can【C7】_through it like a disease. And while everyone feels lonely once in a while, for some
44、it becomes a(n)【C8】_condition, one that has been【C9】_with more serious psychological ills like【C10】_, sleep disfunction, high blood pressure and even a(n)【C11】_risk of dementia in older age. Cacioppo and his team【C12】_on the children in Framingham. The results were【C13】_: If one person reported feel
45、ing lonely at one【C14】_, his closest connections (either family or close friends) were 52% more【C15】_to also report feeling lonely two years later. The effect was strongest among those in close relationships, declining【C16】_the connections became more distant, but remained【C17】_up to three degrees o
46、f separation【C18】_one lonely person could influence whether his friend“s friend“s friend felt lonely. “Loneliness has been【C19】_in the past as depression, introversion, shyness or poor social skills,“ says Cacioppo. “Those turn out not to be right. Research we and others have done suggests that it r
47、eally is a fundamental human motivational state very much like hunger, thirst or pain.“【C20】_simply reflecting the emotional state of one person, Cacioppo says, loneliness is more like an indicator of the social health of our species on the wholea temperature reading.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.AsB.ConcerningC.AlthoughD.Despite 解析：解析：后一句提到，寂寞常常与独处没什么关联，这明显是有违我们的感觉：独处让人感到寂寞。所以前后存在着让步、转折的关系。选 D 项 Despite“尽管”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.divisionB.isolation C.independenceD.separation解析：解析：通过本句后面的 togetherness(聚会)一词可知，有些人在庆典或假期时反倒感觉。本空格应该填与 togetherness 相对应的词，意思是人越多，越感到寂寞。故选 B
