1、考研英语一（完形填空）模拟试卷 2 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about t
2、he state. The Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints 【B1】_ the construction of ideal states, such as【B2】_to the Greeks. With very few exceptions, Roman theorists ignored, or rejected 【B3】_ valueless, intellectual exercises like Plato s Republic, in 【B4】_ the relationship of the individual to th
3、e state was 【B5】_ out painstakingly without reference to 【B6】_ states or individuals.The closest the Roman came to the Greek model was Cicero s De Re Publica, and even here Cicero had Rome clearly in【B7】_. Roman thought about the state was concrete, even when it【B8】_religious and moral concepts. The
4、 first ruler of Rome, Romulus, was【B9】_to have received authority from the gods, specifically from Jupiter, the “guarantor“ of Rome. All constitutional【B10】_was a method of conferring and administering the【B11】_. Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the【B12】_, the family heads who
5、formed the original senate,【B13】_the religious character necessary to exercise authority, because its original function was to【B14】_the gods. Being practical as well as exclusive, the senators moved【B15】_to divide the authority, holding that their consuls, or chief officials, would possess it on【B16
6、】_months, and later extending its possession to lower officials.【B17】_the important achievement was to create the idea of continuing【B18】_authority embodied only temporarily in certain upper-class individuals and conferred only【B19】_the mass of the people concurred. The system grew with enormous【B20
7、】_, as new offices and assemblies were created and almost none discarded.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.withB.forC.inD.to(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.temptedB.attractedC.appealedD.transferred(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.onB.forC.asD.about(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.thatC.whatD.it(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.turnedB.workedC.broughtD.
8、made(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.specialB.specificC.peculiarD.particular(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.existenceB.storeC.realityD.mind(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.abandonedB.caughtC.separatedD.involved(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.toldB.heldC.suggestedD.advised(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.tendencyB.procedureC.developmentD.relation(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）
9、A.authorityB.powerC.controlD.ruling(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.officersB.menC.administratorsD.fathers(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.possessedB.claimedC.assuredD.enforced(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.conferC.consultD.consider(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.overB.alongC.onD.about(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.alternateB.differentC.variedD
10、.several(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.SoC.OrD.But(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.stateB.countryC.peopleD.national(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.asB.whenC.ifD.so(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.dimensionB.complexityC.exerciseD.functionNearly two-thirds of businesses in the UK want to recruit staff with foreign language skills. French is
11、 still the most highly prized language, but Spanish and Mandarin speakers are more 【B1】_ demand than in the past. Katja Hall, deputy director-general of Confederation of British Industry (CBI), said that,【B2】_the EU was the UKs largest export market, it was no surprise to see European languages so【B
12、3】_valued. “【B4】_ with China and Latin America seeing solid growth, ambitious firms want the language skills that can【B5】_the path into new markets,“ she said. The 2014 annual education and skills survey by the CBI and Pearson, the educational【B6】_that owns the Financial Times, 【B7】_ that 41 percent
13、 of the 291 companies surveyed across the UK【B8】_knowledge of a foreign language was 【B9】_ to their business. European languagesFrench, German and Spanishstill 【B10】_ the list in terms of desirability, but these were closely【B11】_by Mandarin and Arabic. Ms Hall said it was【B12】_whether recent govern
14、ment initiatives to encourage language learning in schools would have any【B13】_. “It has been a【B14】_to see foreign language study in our schools under pressure with one in five schools having a【B15】_low take-up of languages,“ she said. “Young people【B16】_their future subject choices should be made
15、more【B17】_of the benefits to their careers that can【B18】_from studying a foreign language.“ The number of students studying foreign languages has 【B19】_ in the past decade. In January, the UK Commission for Employment and Skills said the number of “skills shortage vacancies“ had risen from 16 per ce
16、nt of all 【B20】_ in 2009 to 22 per cent in 2013.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.onB.inC.ofD.with(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.givenB.providedC.supposedD.taken(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.suddenlyB.constantlyC.highlyD.strongly(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.FurthermoreB.ThereforeC.MeanwhileD.But(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.smoothB.openC.prepareD.
17、stimulate(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.companyB.groupC.publisherD.association(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.studiedB.foundC.figuredD.estimated(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.believedB.excelledC.reportedD.insisted(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.accessibleB.amiableC.beneficialD.effective(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.toppedB.accountedC.evadedD.controlled(11).
18、【B11】（分数：2.00）A.guardedB.followedC.tiedD.confirmed(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.unclearB.obviousC.expectantD.measurable(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.significanceB.functionC.impactD.response(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.happinessB.worryC.surpriseD.sadness(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.persistentlyB.unpredictablyC.accidentallyD.irregular
19、ly(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.suggestingB.requiringC.mentioningD.considering(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.sentimentalB.awareC.wiseD.thoughtful(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.comeB.dropC.freeD.result(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.fluctuatedB.floatedC.slumpedD.jumped(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.vacanciesB.jobsC.categoriesD.scores考研英语一（完形填空）模拟试卷
20、2 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The success of Augustus owed much to the character of Roman theorizing about the state. The
21、Romans did not produce ambitious blueprints 【B1】_ the construction of ideal states, such as【B2】_to the Greeks. With very few exceptions, Roman theorists ignored, or rejected 【B3】_ valueless, intellectual exercises like Plato s Republic, in 【B4】_ the relationship of the individual to the state was 【B
22、5】_ out painstakingly without reference to 【B6】_ states or individuals.The closest the Roman came to the Greek model was Cicero s De Re Publica, and even here Cicero had Rome clearly in【B7】_. Roman thought about the state was concrete, even when it【B8】_religious and moral concepts. The first ruler o
23、f Rome, Romulus, was【B9】_to have received authority from the gods, specifically from Jupiter, the “guarantor“ of Rome. All constitutional【B10】_was a method of conferring and administering the【B11】_. Very clearly it was believed that only the assembly of the【B12】_, the family heads who formed the ori
24、ginal senate,【B13】_the religious character necessary to exercise authority, because its original function was to【B14】_the gods. Being practical as well as exclusive, the senators moved【B15】_to divide the authority, holding that their consuls, or chief officials, would possess it on【B16】_months, and
25、later extending its possession to lower officials.【B17】_the important achievement was to create the idea of continuing【B18】_authority embodied only temporarily in certain upper-class individuals and conferred only【B19】_the mass of the people concurred. The system grew with enormous【B20】_, as new off
26、ices and assemblies were created and almost none discarded.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.withB.for C.inD.to解析：解析：考查介词辨析。空格处的介词与名词短语 the construction of ideal states 搭配，作blueprints 的后置定语，意为“的蓝图”。for 可表示对象、用途，意为“给，对，供”等，如 a book for children(儿童读物)。本句中，“建设理想国家”是“蓝图”的用途，因此 Bfor 正确。with和名词搭配常表示“具有特征”，如 a
27、woman with a hot temper(脾气暴躁的女人)；with 和动词搭配常表示“用，以，借”，如 Cut it with a knife(用刀把它切开)。in 表示“以，用(语言，材料等)”，如 He spoke in a loud voice(他大声说话)。to 表示“到，达(某种状态)”，如 She tore the letter to pieces(她把信撕碎了。)三项均不符合题意。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.temptedB.attractedC.appealed D.transferred解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词应为不及物动词，与后面的介词
28、to 搭配。符合要求的只有 Cappealed，它常和介词 to 搭配，意为“(对某人)有吸引力，引起(某人的)兴趣”，故选 C。其他三项动词均为及物动词：tempt sbto do sth意为“诱惑、吸引(某人做某事)”；attract sbto sth意为“引起某人对某事的好感或喜爱”；transfer sbsthto意为“使转移，搬迁”，均不符合题意。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.onB.forC.as D.about解析：解析：考查句子结构及介词用法。空格所在句子中出现了倒装结构，由于其宾语 intellectual exercises 的后置定语较长，因此将宾补 valuel
29、ess 提前。该句子的正常语序是 Roman theorists ignored，or rejected intellectual exercises_valueless。能够引出宾补的介词只有 Cas，如I respect him as a teacher(我尊敬他这个老师。)其他三项均不符合题意。(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.which B.thatC.whatD.it解析：解析：考查语法知识从句的引导词。空格上下文分别是两个结构完整的分句，无法仅仅用逗号连接。由此可知，空格所在部分是 in_引导的非限定性从句，修饰先行词 Platos Republic，in_在该从句中作状语。能
30、够指代名词，并和介词搭配的关系代词是 Awhich。that 不用在非限定性从句中；what 只能引导名词性从句；it 不能引导从句，均不符合题意。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.turnedB.worked C.broughtD.made解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。空格所在部分 was_out 是定语从句中的谓语，由于它是被动式，因此其逻辑宾语就是该从句的主语 the relationship。work out 意为“计算，算出；处理，解决；计划，思考”，work out the relationship 表示“想出或制定出(个人与国家之间的)关系”，符合语境，因此Bworked 为
31、正确答案。turn out 意为“制造，生产；关掉，熄灭”；bring out 意为“使显现，使表现出；生产，出版”；make out 意为“辨认；理解，明白”，均不符合题意。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.specialB.specificC.peculiarD.particular 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。选项中四个形容词为近义词。special 意为“特别的，专门的”；specific 意为“特殊的；明确的”；peculiar 意为“奇怪的；独特的”；particular 意为“不寻常的，特别的”，也意为“专指的，特指的”，这种用法的 particular 只用在名词前作定语，
32、与泛指相对。根据语境可知，空格处填入的形容词修饰 states or individuals，表示“特指的国家或个人”，与上文提到的“泛指的国家或个人”相对。因此应选 Dparticular。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.existenceB.storeC.realityD.mind 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。have sbsthin mind 意为“心中有适当的人(或事情)等”，空格所在部分表达的含义是“对罗马有了非常清楚的想法”，因此应选 Dmind。其他选项都可以和介词 in 搭配：in store 意为“即将发生(在某人身上)，等待着(某人)”；in existence 意为“
33、现存”；in reality 意为“实际上，事实上”，均不符合文意。(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.abandonedB.caughtC.separatedD.involved 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格所在部分是 even when 引导的让步状语从句，其中 it 指代上文的Roman thought(罗马人的想法)，空格处填入的动词是谓语，其宾语是 religious and moral concepts。句意为：即使_宗教和道德概念，罗马人关于国家的想法也是具体的。Dinvolved 意为“包含；牵涉，牵连”，代入句中，表示“即使涉及宗教和道德概念”，符合句意，为正确选项。ab
34、andon 意为“放弃，抛弃”；catch 意为“染病；听见，理解”；separate 意为“分开，隔开”，均不符合题意。(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.toldB.held C.suggestedD.advised解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格所在部分 was_为谓语动词的被动式，其主语是 The first ruler，不定式结构 to have作主语补足语。文中不定式的完成式 to have received 表明该动作发生在空格动词动作之前，根据句意，应选择 Bheld，表示“统治者被认为已经获得了”。be told to do意为“被命令、吩咐做某事”; be held to
35、bedo 意为“被认为是做”；suggest 不与不定式连用，因此不存在 be suggested to do 的结构be advised to do 意为“被建议做某事”，均不符合题意。(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.tendencyB.procedureC.development D.relation解析：解析：考查上下文语义与名词辨析。空格处填入的名词被 constitutional(立宪的，宪法的)修饰。tendency 意为“趋势，倾向”；procedure 意为“程序，手续，步骤”；development 意为“发展”；relation 意为“关系”。根据语境可知，句中表
36、示“宪法的发展”，因此答案为 Cdevelopment。(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.authority B.powerC.controlD.ruling解析：解析：考查上下文语义与名词辨析。authority 意为“权力，职权”；power 意为“控制力，操纵力；权力”；control 意为“控制”；ruling 意为“判决，裁定，统治”。由于上文提到，“统治者从神那里获得了权力(authority)”，因此空格所在句子的含义应是“宪法授予和管理该权力”，此外，下文也提到“行使权力(exercise authority)”，因此本题最佳答案是 Aauthority。(12).【B
37、12】（分数：2.00）A.officersB.menC.administratorsD.fathers 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。officers 指“官员”；men 指“男人们”；administrators 指“管理人员，行政官员”：复数形式的 fathers 一般指“祖先，先父”。下文的插入语 the familysenate 是空格处名词的同位语，其中 the family head 是对 father 的解释，senate(参议院)与 assembly(立法机构)在含义上相呼应。因此本题应选 Dfathers。(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.possessed B.cla
38、imedC.assuredD.enforced解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处填入动词，其主语是 the assembly of the fathers，宾语是 the religious character。Apossessd 意为“拥有；具有(特质)”，在文中可表示“具有(宗教特质)”，符合文意，为正确选项。claim 意为“要求，请求，主张”；assure 意为“保证，担保”，一般接sb作宾语；enforce 意为“强制执行，强行实施；强迫”，均不符合题意。(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.confirmB.conferC.consult D.consider解析：解析：考查动词
39、辨析。空格所在部分是 because 引导的状语从句，解释上文“先父们的立法机构拥有行使权力所必需的宗教特质”的原因。confirm 意为“确定，批准，证实”；confer 意为“授予”；consult 意为“咨询，请教”；consider 意为“考虑”。根据句意，Cconsult 正确，表示“向神寻求建议或启示”。(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.overB.alongC.on D.about解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。move over 意为“挪开，让位置”；move along 意为“向前移动(以腾出空间)”；move on 意为“往前走；开始做(新的事情)”；move abo
40、ut 意为“不停地走动”。上文提到，“最初的参议院拥有行使权力所必需的宗教特质”，本句则提到，“参议员们将权利再进行分割”，显然，两个分句之间是“继续，接着”的含义，所以正确答案为 Con。(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.alternate B.differentC.variedD.several解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处填入的形容词修饰 months。alternate 意为“间隔的，每隔(天的)”；different 意为“不同的”；varied 意为“各种各样的”；several 意为“几个，若干”。根据句意，司法官或总管官员拥有权力的时间应是“每隔一个月”，而不是“不
41、同的月”、“各种各样的月”或“几个月”。因此，Aalternate 为正确选项。(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.AndB.SoC.OrD.But 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格处填入的连词表示所在分句与上文之间的逻辑关系。上文提到，参议院拥有权力，并将它下放到各级官员手中。空格所在部分是一个长句，其主干结构是 the achievement was to create the idea of continuingauthority(成就是创造持续的权力的概念)。authority 后是两个并列的分词结构，即 embodiedin 和 conferred作后置定语。由句意可知，本句仍然
42、在讨论权力下放的问题，但它强调这种权力不完全属于上层阶级，也需要大众的认可。因此在含义上本句出现了转折。选项中，DBut 表转折，为正确选项。And 表并列，So 表因果，Or 表选择，均不符合题意。(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.state B.countryC.peopleD.national解析：解析：考查习惯搭配。空格处的名词作定语，修饰 authority。本文一开始就提到罗马人关于国家理论的形成(Roman theorizing about the state)。文中多次出现了关键词 state。因此可推知，空格部分涉及的是应是“国家权力”。state authority
43、 是表达“国家权力”的习惯搭配，一般不用 country 或people，national authority 常表示“民族权力机构”，故答案为 Astate。(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.asB.when C.ifD.so解析：解析：考查连词辨析。空格处填入一连词，引导后面的从句，和空格前的过去分词一起在句子中作状语。该分词结构可以扩充为一个完整的句子，即 authority was conferred only_the mass of the people concurred，由于 as 和 so 都不与 only 连用，应排除。能与 only 连用的连词是 when 和 if
44、。 only when 引导时间状语从句，意为“只有在时候才”，如 Only when he read the newspaper did he know the story(只有在他看了报纸后他才知道那则报道。)only if 引导条件从句，多与现在时连用，意为“只有在条件下才”，如 Only if the red light comes on is there any danger to employees(只有红灯闪亮时才有危及职工的险情。)正确选项为 B。(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.dimensionB.complexity C.exerciseD.function解析：
45、解析：考查名词辨析。空格所在部分 with enormous_作状语，修饰 grew。dimension 意为“大小，规模，程度，范围”；complexity 意为“复杂性”；exercise 意为“活动，练习；行使，运用”；function 意为“功能”。下文 as 引导时间状语从句，说明了主语动作发生的背景和原因。“新的部门和立法机构被创造出来并且几乎没有任何一个被摈弃”导致的结果应该是“系统越来越复杂”，B 为正确选项。Nearly two-thirds of businesses in the UK want to recruit staff with foreign language
46、 skills. French is still the most highly prized language, but Spanish and Mandarin speakers are more 【B1】_ demand than in the past. Katja Hall, deputy director-general of Confederation of British Industry (CBI), said that,【B2】_the EU was the UKs largest export market, it was no surprise to see Europ
47、ean languages so【B3】_valued. “【B4】_ with China and Latin America seeing solid growth, ambitious firms want the language skills that can【B5】_the path into new markets,“ she said. The 2014 annual education and skills survey by the CBI and Pearson, the educational【B6】_that owns the Financial Times, 【B7】_ that 41 percent of the 291 companies surveyed across the UK【B8】_knowledge of a foreign language was 【B9】_ to their business. European languagesFrench, German and Spanishstill 【B10】_ the list in terms of desirability, but these were closely【B11
