1、考研英语一（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 8及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy
2、 up people involved in prominent cases【B1】_the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant【B2】_of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a【B3】_bill that will propose making payments to witnesses【B4】_and will strictly control the amount of【B5】_that can be given t
3、o a case【B6】_a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he【B7】_with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not【B8】_sufficient control. 【B9】_of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a【B
4、10】_of media protest when he said the【B11】_of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges【B12】_to Parliament. The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which【B13】_the European Convention on Human Rights legally【B14】_in Britain, laid down that ever
5、ybody was【B15】_to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe hands【B16】_our British judges,“ he said. Witness payments became an【B17】_after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were【B18】_t
6、o have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised【B19】_witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to【B20】_guilty verdicts.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.as toB.for instanceC.in particularD.such as(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.tighteningB.intensifyingC.
7、focusingD.fastening(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.sketchB.roughC.preliminaryD.draft(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.illogicalB.illegalC.improbableD.improper(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.publicityB.penaltyC.popularityD.peculiarity(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.ifC.beforeD.as(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.sidedB.sharedC.compliedD.agreed(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A
8、.presentB.offerC.manifestD.indicate(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.ReleaseB.PublicationC.PrintingD.Exposure(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.stormB.rageC.flareD.flash(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.translationB.interpretationC.exhibitionD.demonstration(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.better thanB.other thanC.rather thanD.sooner than(13).【B13】（分数：2
9、.00）A.changesB.makesC.setsD.turns(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.bindingB.convincingC.restrainingD.sustaining(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.authorizedB.creditedC.entitledD.qualified(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.withB.toC.fromD.by(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.impactB.incidentC.inferenceD.issue(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.statedB.remarkedC.saidD.t
10、old(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.whenC.whichD.that(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.assureB.confideC.ensureD.guaranteeThough not biologically related, friends are as “related“ as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is【B1】_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Pr
11、oceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has【B2】_. The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted【B3】_1,932 unique subjects which【B4】_pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both【B5】_. While 1% may seem【B6】_, it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler
12、, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even【B7】_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who【B8】_our kin.“ The study【B9】_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity
13、exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now.【B10】_, as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more【B11】_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that【B12】_us in choosing genetically similar friends【B13】_“functional kinship“ of being friends with【B14
14、】_! One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving【B15】_than other genes. Studying this could help【B16】_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major【B17】_factor. The findings do not simply corroborate peop
15、le s【B18】_to befriend those of similar【B19】_backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to【B20】_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.howC.whyD
16、.when(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.defendedB.concludedC.withdrawnD.advised(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.forB.withC.byD.on(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.separatedB.soughtC.comparedD.connected(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.testsB.objectsC.samplesD.examples(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.insignificantB.unexpectedC.unreliableD.incredible(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.visit
17、B.missC.knowD.seek(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.surpassB.influenceC.favorD.resemble(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.againB.alsoC.insteadD.thus(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.MeanwhileB.FurthermoreC.LikewiseD.Perhaps(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.aboutB.toC.fromD.like(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.limitB.observeC.confuseD.drive(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.accordi
18、ng toB.rather thanC.regardless ofD.along with(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.chancesB.responsesC.benefitsD.missions(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.fasterB.slowerC.laterD.earlier(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.forecastB.rememberC.expressD.understand(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.unpredictableB.contributoryC.controllableD.disruptive(18).【B18】（
19、分数：2.00）A.tendencyB.decisionC.arrangementD.endeavor(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.politicalB.religiousC.ethnicD.economic(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.seeB.showC.proveD.tell考研英语一（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 8答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choo
20、se the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases【B1】_the trial of Rosemary West. In a significant【B2】_of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lo
21、rd Chancellor, will introduce a【B3】_bill that will propose making payments to witnesses【B4】_and will strictly control the amount of【B5】_that can be given to a case【B6】_a trial begins. In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he【B7】_with
22、 a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not【B8】_sufficient control. 【B9】_of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a【B10】_of media protest when he said the【B11】_of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges【B12】_to Parliament. The
23、Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which【B13】_the European Convention on Human Rights legally【B14】_in Britain, laid down that everybody was【B15】_to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families. “Press freedoms will be in safe han
24、ds【B16】_our British judges,“ he said. Witness payments became an【B17】_after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were【B18】_to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised【B19】_witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their sto
25、ries in court to【B20】_guilty verdicts.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.as toB.for instanceC.in particularD.such as 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前后是 prominent cases和 the trial of Rosemary West，前者泛指“一些著名的案件”，后者是一个具体的案件，可见两者是例证关系。因此选 Dsuch as，表示举例，一般连接名词或名词性短语。for instance 可表示“举例”，但放在句中多为插入语，且作状语。as to“至于，关于”；in particu
26、lar“特别，尤其”，不符合题意。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.tightening B.intensifyingC.focusingD.fastening解析：解析：考查动词辨析。本题需填入一个能与 controls搭配的中心动词。根据下文可知 controls这个宾语具体指的是“政府对媒体的法律控制”，且文章的基本导向是“加强”控制，因此选Atightening。其他三项都不与 control搭配，focus 意为“把注意力等集中在”，fasten 表“扣紧扎牢”的含义时多接具体名词，intensify 侧重于强调数量、活动、情感的增加或增强。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.
27、sketchB.roughC.preliminaryD.draft 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。本题要求考生判断哪个选项与 bill搭配。draft bill 是法律中的一个固定搭配，意为“草案，(提交议会讨论的)法案”。其他三个选项虽然不与 bill搭配，但都可以表示类似于“初步的，不完整的，简略的”的含义。sketch 的搭配有 sketch map(略图、示意图)，sketch plan(草拟计划)；rough 的搭配有 a rough drawing(草图)；preliminary 强调“初步的”，如：a preliminary examination(初试)。(4).【B4】（分数：2
28、.00）A.illogicalB.illegal C.improbableD.improper解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。本段第一句提到“政府要禁止报界收买一些要案的证人的举动”，第二段首句紧接着提到“为了加强对报界的法律控制，大法官埃尔温勋爵将要提出一个法案的草案”。从逻辑上讲，政府和大法官的行为应该是一致的。那么大法官提出法律草案的目的也是反对报界收买证人的做法。因此 Billegal“非法的”强调不符合法律规定，符合题意。其他三项 illogical“不合逻辑的”；improbable“不可能的”；improper“不得体的”，均不符合题意。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.publ
29、icity B.penaltyC.popularityD.peculiarity解析：解析：考查名词辨析。从结构上看，空格处填入的名词，既是 control的宾语，又是 that引导的定语从句修饰的先行词，即符合 give sthto a case 的搭配。符合这两个要求的只有选项Apublicity，give publicity to sth“宣扬公布某事”。整个句子大意为：草案提议对报界付款给证人的做法定为非法，并严格控制案件的公开程度。penalty“惩罚”，popularity“流行”，peculiarity“古怪”，与题意无关。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.sinceB.if
30、C.before D.as解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前后“严格限制案件的公开程度”和“审判开始”。根据上下文推理，政府之所以要禁止报界付钱给案件的证人，是因为新闻界要把这些证人的观点公诸于众，这些观点难免夹杂个人的因素，而司法要求的是公正，不能因为这些观点影响案件的审理。因此要严格控制的应该是案件在审理开始之前就过分公开，故选 Cbefore。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.sidedB.sharedC.compliedD.agreed 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处动词短语为_with，且要与宾语 a committee report(委员会的报告)搭配，因此选 Dagreed，意
31、为“埃尔温勋爵阐明自己赞同委员会今年的报告”。sided with“支持，站在一边”，后面一般连接“某人”。shared“分享”，complied“遵守”，均不合适。(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.presentB.offer C.manifestD.indicate解析：解析：考查动词辨析。本题再次考查了动词与 control的搭配。根据上下文，这里指的应是埃尔温勋爵批评报界收买证人、随意公开案件的情况，自我约束力度不够。只有 Boffer 合适，意为“自我约束不能提供足够的监控”。present“介绍，呈现”，manifest“证明，显示”，indicate“表明，指出”，均与题意不
32、符。(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.ReleaseB.Publication C.PrintingD.Exposure解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此处意为“这封信的_在两天后发生了”。只有 BPublication“出版，发表”最合适，表达的含义是“两天后，这封信便公布于众”。Release“宣布，发布”，多用于很正式的消息发布、影片或者书籍发行。Printing“印刷”，不符合题意。Exposure“暴露，曝光”，多指不好的事情，如违法或犯罪等。(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.storm B.rageC.flareD.flash解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此处短语是 a_of，修
33、饰 media protest，描述了媒体抗议的程度。从文意来看，应是“(引起了)一片(媒体的抗议)”，因此选 Astorm。a storm of“暴风雨般的”，表示程度。rage“暴怒，大怒”，搭配为 a rage，如：be in a rage，fly into a rage(勃然大怒)；a flare of“一阵”，不和 media protest搭配；flash 表示突然闪现的东西，如：a flash of hope(一线希望)，a flash of wit(灵光一现)等。(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.translationB.interpretation C.exhibit
34、ionD.demonstration解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此处填入的名词要与 privacy controls搭配，从意义上来看，只有Binterpretation“口译，解释，阐释”符合题意，“the interpretation of privacy controls”意为“隐私控制的解释权”。translation“翻译”，侧重笔译；exhibition“展览”；demonstration“演示”，均不符合题意。(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.better thanB.other thanC.rather than D.sooner than解析：解析：考查语篇理解。空格前
35、后连接的是两个短语 to judges与 to Parliament，显然两者是对立的，只能选其一，结合全文来看，应该选 to judges，因此答案为 Crather than“是而不是”，意为“把隐私控制的解释权留给法官而不留给国会”。better than“比好”；sooner than“比快”；other than“除了，不同于”，均不符合题意。(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.changesB.makes C.setsD.turns解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据题意应该选 Bmakes“使得”，意为“使欧洲人权公约在法律上”。这几个选项中只有 makes的使动和强制意义最强。
36、其他 changes“改变”；sets“建立”；turn“转变”，均不符合题意。(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.binding B.convincingC.restrainingD.sustaining解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此处填入的形容词与 legally一起来修饰欧洲人权共约。只有legallybinding表示法律约束力，因此选 Abinding。convincing“令人信服的”，restraining“抑制的”，sustaining“可持续的”，均不符合题意。(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.authorizedB.creditedC.entitled D.q
37、ualified解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处配是 be+过去分词+to sth，其中 to是介词。根据下文可知此处表达的意思为“欧洲人权公约规定人人享有隐私权”，be entitied to sth意为“有权，有资格”，因此选 Centitled。be authorized to do sth意为“被授权”，to 是不定式符号：be creditedto sth意为“把归于某人或某物，认为属于”，与题意不符；be qualified to do sth意为“有资格，能胜任”，to 是不定式符号，后接动词原形。(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.with B.toC.fromD.by解析
38、：解析：考查介词辨析。本题考查哪个介词可以与 in safe hands(安然无恙)搭配。空格所在句子是Press freedoms will be in safe hands_our British judges(新闻自由由法官掌握将安然无恙)，介词中只有 with可表达“由掌握，由负责”的含义，例句：I shall leave the child with you(我将把这孩子交给你)。(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.impactB.incidentC.inferenceD.issue 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。此处意为“自 West被判十次无期徒刑后，付款给证人的做法成为了_”
39、。结合前面提到的 the trial of Rosemary West，可知这个事件的影响很大，政府和法官都意识到要严格控制报界付款给证人的行为。由此可以推断出付款给证人的做法应该成为颇有争议的问题(issue)，故选 D。impact“影响”，一般用于 havemake a great impact on sth。incident“突发事件”，inference“推论”，均与题意不符。(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.statedB.remarkedC.said D.told解析：解析：考查动词辨析。此处结构为：be+过去分词+to have done sth。适用这个结构的只有sa
40、id和 told，但 be told to have done sth意为“被告知做过某事”，不符合句意。因此只能选Csaid。be said to have done sth意为“据说做过某事”，此处意为“据说多达 19个证人因向报社讲述他们的故事而获得报酬”。stated“被宣布”，remarked“被评论”，均不符合题意。(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.whenC.whichD.that 解析：解析：考查语法结构。空格后面部分是 concerns的同位语，表明其具体内容。选项中能引导同位语从句的关系代词只有 that。同位语从句本来应该直接跟在先行词 concern
41、s后面但因为从句太长，会显得头重脚轻，所以放在了后面，达到句子平衡的效果。(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.assureB.confideC.ensure D.guarantee解析：解析：考查动词辨析。guilty verdicts 意为“(陪审团的)定罪决定”。此处意为“证人被鼓励在法庭上夸大事实，目的就为了_定罪”。assure“使人相信”，一般用于 assure sbof sthassure sbthat。confide“吐露(内幕)，托付”，与题意无关。guarantee“保证，担保”，但不符题意，保证有罪判绝不是证人能做到的。ensure 表示努力推动或确保某事的发生，证人
42、的目的就是想确保让被告得到定罪，符合题意，因此选 C。Though not biologically related, friends are as “related“ as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is【B1】_a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has【B2】_. The study is a gen
43、ome-wide analysis conducted【B3】_1,932 unique subjects which【B4】_pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both【B5】_. While 1% may seem【B6】_, it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not
44、even【B7】_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who【B8】_our kin.“ The study【B9】_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now.【B10】_, as the team
45、suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more【B11】_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that【B12】_us in choosing genetically similar friends【B13】_“functional kinship“ of being friends with【B14】_! One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes
46、seem to be evolving【B15】_than other genes. Studying this could help【B16】_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major【B17】_factor. The findings do not simply corroborate people s【B18】_to befriend those of similar【B19】_backgrounds, say the researcher
47、s. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to【B20】_that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.what B.howC.whyD.when解析：解析：考查语法结构。解答此题需结合第二个空。由第二个空的四个选项可知考查的是及物动词的含义，故此处所填的词引导表语从句，且做第二个空处动词的宾语，符合题意的只有Awhat。how，why，when 均不能在从句中作宾语。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.defendedB.concluded C.withdrawnD.advised解析：解析：考查动词辨析。从此题所在的句子的前后内容可以判断出，That is_中的 That是指第一句话的内容，即朋友与我们在基因上的相关性，很显然是研究得出的结论。conclude 意为“作结论”，符合
