1、考研英语一（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 7及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory
2、 and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly cant remember【B1】_we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain【B2】_, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.“ 【B3】_seemingly innocent, this loss of me
3、ntal focus can potentially have a(n)【B4】_impact on our professional, social, and personal【B5】_. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there s actually a lot that can be done. It【B6】_out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do,
4、and the right mental【B7】_can significantly improve our basic cognitive【B8】_. Thinking is essentially a【B9】_of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to【B10】_in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.【B11】_, because these connections are made through ef
5、fort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate【B12】_mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step【B13】_and developed the first “brain training program“ designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental【B14】_. The Web-based program【B1
6、5】_you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps【B16】_of your progress and provides detailed feedback【B17】_your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it【B18】_modifies and enhances the games you play to【B19】_on the strengths you are developingmuch like a (
7、n)【B20】_exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.whereB.whenC.thatD.why(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.improvesB.fadesC.recoversD.collapses(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.UnlessC.OnceD.While(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.unevenB.limitedC.damagingD.obscure(5).【B5】（分数：2
8、.00）A.wellbeingB.environmentC.relationshipD.outlook(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.turnsB.findsC.pointsD.figures(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.roundaboutsB.responsesC.workoutsD.associations(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.genreB.functionsC.circumstancesD.criterion(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.channelB.conditionC.sequenceD.process(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）
9、A.persistB.believeC.excelD.feature(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.OtherwiseD.However(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.according toB.regardless ofC.apart fromD.instead of(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.backB.furtherC.asideD.around(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.sharpnessB.stabilityC.frameworkD.flexibility(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A
10、.forcesB.remindsC.hurriesD.allows(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.holdB.trackC.orderD.pace(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.toB.withC.forD.on(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.irregularlyB.habituallyC.constantlyD.unusually(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.carryB.putC.buildD.take(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.riskyB.effectiveC.idleD.familiarAncient Greek philos
11、opher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.“ But【B1】_some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does【B2】_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 【B3】_heart rate and oxygen consumption.
12、 But because hard laughter is difficult to【B4】_, a good laugh is unlikely to have【B5】_benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. 【B6】_, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the【B7】_. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughte
13、r【B8】_muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help【B9】_the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of【B10】_feedback that improve an individual s emotional state.【B11】
14、_one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted【B12】_physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry【B13】_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also【B14】_tears, evidence suggests that emotions can f
15、low【B15】_muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wu rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to【B16】_a pen either with their teeththereby creating an artificial smileor with their lips, which would produce a (n)【B17】_expression. Those f
16、orced to exercise their smiling muscles【B18】_more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,【B19】_that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【B20】_, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.（分数：40.00）(1).【B1】（分
17、数：2.00）A.amongB.exceptC.despiteD.like(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.reflectB.demandC.indicateD.produce(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.stabilizingB.boostingC.impairingD.determining(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.transmitB.sustainC.evaluateD.observe(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.measurableB.manageableC.affordableD.renewable(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.In turnB
18、.In factC.In additionD.In brief(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.oppositeB.impossibleC.averageD.expected(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.hardensB.weakensC.tightensD.relaxes(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.aggravateB.generateC.moderateD.enhance(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.physicalB.mentalC.subconsciousD.internal(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.Except forB.Accord
19、ing toC.Due toD.As for(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.withB.onC.inD.at(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.because(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.exhaustsB.followsC.precedesD.suppresses(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.intoB.fromC.towardsD.beyond(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.fetchB.biteC.pickD.hold(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.disappointedB.excited
20、C.joyfulD.indifferent(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.adaptedB.cateredC.turnedD.reacted(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.suggestingB.requiringC.mentioningD.supposing(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.EventuallyB.ConsequentlyC.SimilarlyD.Conversely考研英语一（完形填空）历年真题试卷汇编 7答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I
21、Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly cant remember【B1】_we put the
22、 keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain【B2】_, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.“ 【B3】_seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n)【B4】_impact on our professional, social, and personal【
23、B5】_. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there s actually a lot that can be done. It【B6】_out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental【B7】_can significantly improve our basic cognitive【B8】_. Thinking is e
24、ssentially a【B9】_of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to【B10】_in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.【B11】_, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate【B12】_ment
25、al effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step【B13】_and developed the first “brain training program“ designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental【B14】_. The Web-based program【B15】_you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps【B16】_
26、of your progress and provides detailed feedback【B17】_your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it【B18】_modifies and enhances the games you play to【B19】_on the strengths you are developingmuch like a (n)【B20】_exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.（分数：
27、40.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.where B.whenC.thatD.why解析：解析：考查上下文理解。本句中 remember后没有加宾语，所以我们可以判断后句应该是一个宾语从句，把选项中的四个词代入句中都符合语法。但根据句意“我们会记不得刚刚把钥匙”可知，人们常常是忘记把钥匙放在哪，而不是“为什么放”或“什么时候放”，所以选择 Awhere。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.improvesB.fades C.recoversD.collapses解析：解析：考查动词辨析。本句意为“随着大脑功能_，我们常常把这些经历叫作瞬间性老年失忆症”，由此可知文中说的是大脑功能
28、的“退化”，所以 Bfades“衰退，减退”符合文意，为正确答案。Aimproves“提高”和 Crecovers“恢复”是反向干扰，可轻易排除；Dcollapses“崩溃”语气过重，也不符合文意。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.IfB.UnlessC.OnceD.While 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。根据从句“_似乎看起来没有什么危害”和主句“精力的衰退会对我们的职业、社交和个人_产生_影响”可知，主从句之间是转折关系。故选 DWhile“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。AIf“如果”，BUnless“除非”，COnce“一旦”都不符合题意，故排除。(4).【B4】（分数：2.00）A.un
29、evenB.limitedC.damaging D.obscure解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。本句意为“注意力的衰退会对我们的职业、社会和个人的_产生_影响”，而本文从一开始就在说随年龄增长大脑衰退的弊端，所以这里一定是不好的影响，故Cdamaging“有破坏性的，有害的”符合题意，为正确答案。Auneven“不平衡的”，Blimited“有限的”，Dobscure“模糊的”均不符合题意。(5).【B5】（分数：2.00）A.wellbeing B.environmentC.relationshipD.outlook解析：解析：考查名词辨析。根据文意，此处要注意选项必须和原文三个修饰词都能构成
30、搭配关系，只能选 Awellbeing“幸福”。Benvironment“环境”，Crelationship“关系”，Doutlook“展望，观点”均不符合题意。(6).【B6】（分数：2.00）A.turns B.findsC.pointsD.figures解析：解析：考查语法结构。it turns out that 意为“证明是，结果是”，符合句中语法结构，其中 it是形式主语，真正的主语是 that引导的句子，因此选择 Aturns。根据语法知识，find out，point out和 figure out都是及物短语，此时 that引导的则是宾语从句，而为了保持句子语法结构完整，it
31、必须指代前文具体的某物某事，但是前文并没有指代的对象，故排除其他三项。(7).【B7】（分数：2.00）A.roundaboutsB.responsesC.workouts D.associations解析：解析：考查上下文理解。根据句意“事实证明，正如肌肉需要锻炼一样，人们发现大脑也需要锻炼，而且正确的脑力_可以”可知，此处呼应前文，说明大脑需要的是锻炼，只有 Cworkouts “锻炼”符合文意，为正确答案。Aroundabouts“迂回”，Bresponses“回应”，Dassociations“协会”均不符合文意，故排除。(8).【B8】（分数：2.00）A.genreB.functi
32、ons C.circumstancesD.criterion解析：解析：考查名词辨析。四个选项均为名词，所以重点要辨析名词词义。根据句意“正确的脑力锻炼能极大地提高我们最基本的认知_”可知，Bfunctions“功能”最符合文意，故为正确答案。Agenres“类型”，Ccircumstances“情形”，Dcriterion“标准”都不符合文意，故排除。(9).【B9】（分数：2.00）A.channelB.conditionC.sequenceD.process 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。根据句意“思考本质上就是一个在大脑中创造神经联系的_”可知，只有 Dprocess“过程”符合文意，思维
33、本身就是一个过程。Achannel“通道”，Bcondition“状况”，Csequence“序列”均不符合题意。(10).【B10】（分数：2.00）A.persistB.believeC.excel D.feature解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据句意“我们_去创造神经联系并借此开发智力，而这种能力很大程度上是遗传而得的”可知，excel in 意为“在某方面擅长”，符合文意，故选 Cexcel。Apersist in“坚持”，Bbelieve in“相信”，Dfeature in“在方面起重要作用”，代入句中，均不符合逻辑，故排除。(11).【B11】（分数：2.00）A.Therefo
34、reB.MoreoverC.OtherwiseD.However 解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。根据句意“_，因为这些联系是通过努力和训练建立起来的，所以科学家坚信”可知，上句中的“遗传的”和本句中的“努力和训练”意义相反，故 DHowever“但是”符合题意。ATherefore“因此”，BMoreover“还有”，COtherwise“否则”都不符合语义，可排除。(12).【B12】（分数：2.00）A.according to B.regardless ofC.apart fromD.instead of解析：解析：考查介词短语辨析。本句意为“但是，因为这些联系是通过努力和训练建立起来的，所
35、以科学家坚信智力是_脑力锻炼而增强或者波动的”。这里主要说的是通过锻炼可以提高脑力，所以脑力的提高会带来智力的提高，故 Aaccording to“根据，随着”符合题意，为正确答案。Bregardless of“不管，不顾”，Capart from“除了”，Dinstead of“而不是”均不符合题意。(13).【B13】（分数：2.00）A.backB.further C.asideD.around解析：解析：考查动词词组辨析。本句意为“一个网络公司有了_的行动，他们开发了第一个大脑训练程序”。开发新的东西，那么肯定是进一步的行动，是积极的含义。故 Bfurther“进一步”符合题意，为正确
36、答案。Aback“向后”，Caside“在旁边”，Daround“四处”均不符合题意，而且C和 D项不能和 take a step构成搭配。(14).【B14】（分数：2.00）A.sharpness B.stabilityC.frameworkD.flexibility解析：解析：考查名词辨析。本句意为“旨在帮助人们改善并恢复头脑的_”，本文强调的是大脑对事情的记忆等功能性的退变，所以应该是大脑的敏锐性，故 Asharpness“敏锐”为正确答案。Bstability“稳定性”，Cframework“框架”不符合逻辑，直接排除。Dflexibility“灵活性”有一定的干扰，可是本文没有谈到
37、大脑是否灵活。(15).【B15】（分数：2.00）A.forcesB.remindsC.hurriesD.allows 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。根据句意“这一基于网络的程序能_你系统地提高记忆力和注意力”可知，Dallow“让，允许”符合题意，为正确答案。Aforces“强迫”，Breminds“提醒”，Churries“催促”都不符合逻辑，故排除。(16).【B16】（分数：2.00）A.holdB.track C.orderD.pace解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。本句意为“它可以_你的进步并根据你的表现和提高给出详细的反馈”，这个程序要给用户反馈的话，就必须基于用户的体验，所以它要知
38、道你的进步在哪，还需要什么来给出后期的建议。Bkeep track of“跟踪记录”代入句中，最符合文意，故为正确答案。Akeep hold of“紧握”，Ckeep order of“维护秩序”，Dkeep pace of“齐步并进”都不符合文意，故排除。(17).【B17】（分数：2.00）A.toB.withC.forD.on 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。feedback on 意为“对的反馈”，故选 D项。(18).【B18】（分数：2.00）A.irregularlyB.habituallyC.constantly D.unusually解析：解析：考查副词辨析。本句意为“最为重要的是
39、，这个程序能_修正你训练的项目并增大难度”，由上文我们发现，这个程序并不是一次性的，它会根据用户的情况来反馈，这里是说程序还能去修正自己来更好地为用户服务。故 Cconstantly“不断地”符合题意。Airregularly“不规则地”，Bhabitually“习惯地”，Dunusually“不经常地”均不符合逻辑。(19).【B19】（分数：2.00）A.carryB.putC.build D.take解析：解析：考查动词辨析。本句意为“这个程序能不断修正你训练的项目并增大难度，以提升你正在锻炼的能力”。其实本句话的意思就是你的进步会建立在你已经获得的力量(进步、技能等)的基础上，这是个积
40、极的、不断自我进步、向前的过程。故 Cbuild 和 on搭配意为“依靠，以为基础”，符合文意。carry on“继续”，put on“穿上，增加”，take on“承担，接纳；呈现”均不符合逻辑。(20).【B20】（分数：2.00）A.riskyB.effective C.idleD.familiar解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。由上文可知，本句想说的是这个程序会给人带来进步，而这里 muchlike说明本处和上文应是一样的语气，即是正面的、积极的含义，所以选 Beffective“有效的”。Arisky“冒险的”，Cidle“懒散的”，Dfamiliar“熟悉的”均不符合文意。Ancien
41、t Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.“ But【B1】_some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does【B2】_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 【B3】_heart rate and oxyge
42、n consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to【B4】_, a good laugh is unlikely to have【B5】_benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. 【B6】_, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the【B7】_. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicat
43、e that laughter【B8】_muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help【B9】_the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of【B10】_feedback that improve an individual s emotion
44、al state.【B11】_one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted【B12】_physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry【B13】_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also【B14】_tears, evidence suggests that
45、emotions can flow【B15】_muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wu rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to【B16】_a pen either with their teeththereby creating an artificial smileor with their lips, which would produce a (n)【B17】_expre
46、ssion. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles【B18】_more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,【B19】_that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【B20】_, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.（分数：40
47、.00）(1).【B1】（分数：2.00）A.amongB.exceptC.despite D.like解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。本文第一句话讲到了亚里士多德的观点：笑对于健康非常重要。接下来提及另外一种观点：笑对身体健康没什么影响。可见前后是转折的关系，Cdespite“尽管”符合句意，为正确答案。among“在之中”；except“除了”；like“像”，均不符合题意。(2).【B2】（分数：2.00）A.reflectB.demandC.indicateD.produce 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。本句话意为，笑声确实能够引起心脏和血管功能的短期变化。此处 does表示强调。Dproduce“产生，引起”符合题意。reflect“反映，反思”，demand“要求，命令”，indicate“表明，预示”，均与题意不符。(3).【B3】（分数：2.00）A.stabilizingB.boosting C.impair
