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    【考研类试卷】考研英语一(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编7及答案解析.doc

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    【考研类试卷】考研英语一(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编7及答案解析.doc

    1、考研英语一(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编 7及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory

    2、 and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly cant remember【B1】_we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain【B2】_, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.“ 【B3】_seemingly innocent, this loss of me

    3、ntal focus can potentially have a(n)【B4】_impact on our professional, social, and personal【B5】_. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there s actually a lot that can be done. It【B6】_out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do,

    4、and the right mental【B7】_can significantly improve our basic cognitive【B8】_. Thinking is essentially a【B9】_of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to【B10】_in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.【B11】_, because these connections are made through ef

    5、fort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate【B12】_mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step【B13】_and developed the first “brain training program“ designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental【B14】_. The Web-based program【B1

    6、5】_you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps【B16】_of your progress and provides detailed feedback【B17】_your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it【B18】_modifies and enhances the games you play to【B19】_on the strengths you are developingmuch like a (

    7、n)【B20】_exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.whereB.whenC.thatD.why(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.improvesB.fadesC.recoversD.collapses(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.IfB.UnlessC.OnceD.While(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.unevenB.limitedC.damagingD.obscure(5).【B5】(分数:2

    8、.00)A.wellbeingB.environmentC.relationshipD.outlook(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.turnsB.findsC.pointsD.figures(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.roundaboutsB.responsesC.workoutsD.associations(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.genreB.functionsC.circumstancesD.criterion(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.channelB.conditionC.sequenceD.process(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)

    9、A.persistB.believeC.excelD.feature(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.ThereforeB.MoreoverC.OtherwiseD.However(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.according toB.regardless ofC.apart fromD.instead of(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.backB.furtherC.asideD.around(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.sharpnessB.stabilityC.frameworkD.flexibility(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A

    10、.forcesB.remindsC.hurriesD.allows(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.holdB.trackC.orderD.pace(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.toB.withC.forD.on(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.irregularlyB.habituallyC.constantlyD.unusually(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.carryB.putC.buildD.take(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.riskyB.effectiveC.idleD.familiarAncient Greek philos

    11、opher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.“ But【B1】_some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does【B2】_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 【B3】_heart rate and oxygen consumption.

    12、 But because hard laughter is difficult to【B4】_, a good laugh is unlikely to have【B5】_benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. 【B6】_, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the【B7】_. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughte

    13、r【B8】_muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help【B9】_the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of【B10】_feedback that improve an individual s emotional state.【B11】

    14、_one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted【B12】_physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry【B13】_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also【B14】_tears, evidence suggests that emotions can f

    15、low【B15】_muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wu rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to【B16】_a pen either with their teeththereby creating an artificial smileor with their lips, which would produce a (n)【B17】_expression. Those f

    16、orced to exercise their smiling muscles【B18】_more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,【B19】_that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【B20】_, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分

    17、数:2.00)A.amongB.exceptC.despiteD.like(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.reflectB.demandC.indicateD.produce(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.stabilizingB.boostingC.impairingD.determining(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.transmitB.sustainC.evaluateD.observe(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.measurableB.manageableC.affordableD.renewable(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.In turnB

    18、.In factC.In additionD.In brief(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.oppositeB.impossibleC.averageD.expected(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.hardensB.weakensC.tightensD.relaxes(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.aggravateB.generateC.moderateD.enhance(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.physicalB.mentalC.subconsciousD.internal(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.Except forB.Accord

    19、ing toC.Due toD.As for(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.withB.onC.inD.at(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.unlessB.untilC.ifD.because(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.exhaustsB.followsC.precedesD.suppresses(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.intoB.fromC.towardsD.beyond(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.fetchB.biteC.pickD.hold(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.disappointedB.excited

    20、C.joyfulD.indifferent(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.adaptedB.cateredC.turnedD.reacted(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.suggestingB.requiringC.mentioningD.supposing(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.EventuallyB.ConsequentlyC.SimilarlyD.Conversely考研英语一(完形填空)历年真题试卷汇编 7答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I

    21、Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly cant remember【B1】_we put the

    22、 keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain【B2】_, we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments.“ 【B3】_seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(n)【B4】_impact on our professional, social, and personal【

    23、B5】_. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there s actually a lot that can be done. It【B6】_out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental【B7】_can significantly improve our basic cognitive【B8】_. Thinking is e

    24、ssentially a【B9】_of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to【B10】_in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited.【B11】_, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate【B12】_ment

    25、al effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step【B13】_and developed the first “brain training program“ designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental【B14】_. The Web-based program【B15】_you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps【B16】_

    26、of your progress and provides detailed feedback【B17】_your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it【B18】_modifies and enhances the games you play to【B19】_on the strengths you are developingmuch like a (n)【B20】_exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.(分数:

    27、40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.where B.whenC.thatD.why解析:解析:考查上下文理解。本句中 remember后没有加宾语,所以我们可以判断后句应该是一个宾语从句,把选项中的四个词代入句中都符合语法。但根据句意“我们会记不得刚刚把钥匙”可知,人们常常是忘记把钥匙放在哪,而不是“为什么放”或“什么时候放”,所以选择 Awhere。(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.improvesB.fades C.recoversD.collapses解析:解析:考查动词辨析。本句意为“随着大脑功能_,我们常常把这些经历叫作瞬间性老年失忆症”,由此可知文中说的是大脑功能

    28、的“退化”,所以 Bfades“衰退,减退”符合文意,为正确答案。Aimproves“提高”和 Crecovers“恢复”是反向干扰,可轻易排除;Dcollapses“崩溃”语气过重,也不符合文意。(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.IfB.UnlessC.OnceD.While 解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。根据从句“_似乎看起来没有什么危害”和主句“精力的衰退会对我们的职业、社交和个人_产生_影响”可知,主从句之间是转折关系。故选 DWhile“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。AIf“如果”,BUnless“除非”,COnce“一旦”都不符合题意,故排除。(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.un

    29、evenB.limitedC.damaging D.obscure解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。本句意为“注意力的衰退会对我们的职业、社会和个人的_产生_影响”,而本文从一开始就在说随年龄增长大脑衰退的弊端,所以这里一定是不好的影响,故Cdamaging“有破坏性的,有害的”符合题意,为正确答案。Auneven“不平衡的”,Blimited“有限的”,Dobscure“模糊的”均不符合题意。(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.wellbeing B.environmentC.relationshipD.outlook解析:解析:考查名词辨析。根据文意,此处要注意选项必须和原文三个修饰词都能构成

    30、搭配关系,只能选 Awellbeing“幸福”。Benvironment“环境”,Crelationship“关系”,Doutlook“展望,观点”均不符合题意。(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.turns B.findsC.pointsD.figures解析:解析:考查语法结构。it turns out that 意为“证明是,结果是”,符合句中语法结构,其中 it是形式主语,真正的主语是 that引导的句子,因此选择 Aturns。根据语法知识,find out,point out和 figure out都是及物短语,此时 that引导的则是宾语从句,而为了保持句子语法结构完整,it

    31、必须指代前文具体的某物某事,但是前文并没有指代的对象,故排除其他三项。(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.roundaboutsB.responsesC.workouts D.associations解析:解析:考查上下文理解。根据句意“事实证明,正如肌肉需要锻炼一样,人们发现大脑也需要锻炼,而且正确的脑力_可以”可知,此处呼应前文,说明大脑需要的是锻炼,只有 Cworkouts “锻炼”符合文意,为正确答案。Aroundabouts“迂回”,Bresponses“回应”,Dassociations“协会”均不符合文意,故排除。(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.genreB.functi

    32、ons C.circumstancesD.criterion解析:解析:考查名词辨析。四个选项均为名词,所以重点要辨析名词词义。根据句意“正确的脑力锻炼能极大地提高我们最基本的认知_”可知,Bfunctions“功能”最符合文意,故为正确答案。Agenres“类型”,Ccircumstances“情形”,Dcriterion“标准”都不符合文意,故排除。(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.channelB.conditionC.sequenceD.process 解析:解析:考查名词辨析。根据句意“思考本质上就是一个在大脑中创造神经联系的_”可知,只有 Dprocess“过程”符合文意,思维

    33、本身就是一个过程。Achannel“通道”,Bcondition“状况”,Csequence“序列”均不符合题意。(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.persistB.believeC.excel D.feature解析:解析:考查动词辨析。根据句意“我们_去创造神经联系并借此开发智力,而这种能力很大程度上是遗传而得的”可知,excel in 意为“在某方面擅长”,符合文意,故选 Cexcel。Apersist in“坚持”,Bbelieve in“相信”,Dfeature in“在方面起重要作用”,代入句中,均不符合逻辑,故排除。(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.Therefo

    34、reB.MoreoverC.OtherwiseD.However 解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。根据句意“_,因为这些联系是通过努力和训练建立起来的,所以科学家坚信”可知,上句中的“遗传的”和本句中的“努力和训练”意义相反,故 DHowever“但是”符合题意。ATherefore“因此”,BMoreover“还有”,COtherwise“否则”都不符合语义,可排除。(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.according to B.regardless ofC.apart fromD.instead of解析:解析:考查介词短语辨析。本句意为“但是,因为这些联系是通过努力和训练建立起来的,所

    35、以科学家坚信智力是_脑力锻炼而增强或者波动的”。这里主要说的是通过锻炼可以提高脑力,所以脑力的提高会带来智力的提高,故 Aaccording to“根据,随着”符合题意,为正确答案。Bregardless of“不管,不顾”,Capart from“除了”,Dinstead of“而不是”均不符合题意。(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.backB.further C.asideD.around解析:解析:考查动词词组辨析。本句意为“一个网络公司有了_的行动,他们开发了第一个大脑训练程序”。开发新的东西,那么肯定是进一步的行动,是积极的含义。故 Bfurther“进一步”符合题意,为正确

    36、答案。Aback“向后”,Caside“在旁边”,Daround“四处”均不符合题意,而且C和 D项不能和 take a step构成搭配。(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.sharpness B.stabilityC.frameworkD.flexibility解析:解析:考查名词辨析。本句意为“旨在帮助人们改善并恢复头脑的_”,本文强调的是大脑对事情的记忆等功能性的退变,所以应该是大脑的敏锐性,故 Asharpness“敏锐”为正确答案。Bstability“稳定性”,Cframework“框架”不符合逻辑,直接排除。Dflexibility“灵活性”有一定的干扰,可是本文没有谈到

    37、大脑是否灵活。(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.forcesB.remindsC.hurriesD.allows 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。根据句意“这一基于网络的程序能_你系统地提高记忆力和注意力”可知,Dallow“让,允许”符合题意,为正确答案。Aforces“强迫”,Breminds“提醒”,Churries“催促”都不符合逻辑,故排除。(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.holdB.track C.orderD.pace解析:解析:考查动词短语辨析。本句意为“它可以_你的进步并根据你的表现和提高给出详细的反馈”,这个程序要给用户反馈的话,就必须基于用户的体验,所以它要知

    38、道你的进步在哪,还需要什么来给出后期的建议。Bkeep track of“跟踪记录”代入句中,最符合文意,故为正确答案。Akeep hold of“紧握”,Ckeep order of“维护秩序”,Dkeep pace of“齐步并进”都不符合文意,故排除。(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.toB.withC.forD.on 解析:解析:考查固定搭配。feedback on 意为“对的反馈”,故选 D项。(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.irregularlyB.habituallyC.constantly D.unusually解析:解析:考查副词辨析。本句意为“最为重要的是

    39、,这个程序能_修正你训练的项目并增大难度”,由上文我们发现,这个程序并不是一次性的,它会根据用户的情况来反馈,这里是说程序还能去修正自己来更好地为用户服务。故 Cconstantly“不断地”符合题意。Airregularly“不规则地”,Bhabitually“习惯地”,Dunusually“不经常地”均不符合逻辑。(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.carryB.putC.build D.take解析:解析:考查动词辨析。本句意为“这个程序能不断修正你训练的项目并增大难度,以提升你正在锻炼的能力”。其实本句话的意思就是你的进步会建立在你已经获得的力量(进步、技能等)的基础上,这是个积

    40、极的、不断自我进步、向前的过程。故 Cbuild 和 on搭配意为“依靠,以为基础”,符合文意。carry on“继续”,put on“穿上,增加”,take on“承担,接纳;呈现”均不符合逻辑。(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.riskyB.effective C.idleD.familiar解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。由上文可知,本句想说的是这个程序会给人带来进步,而这里 muchlike说明本处和上文应是一样的语气,即是正面的、积极的含义,所以选 Beffective“有效的”。Arisky“冒险的”,Cidle“懒散的”,Dfamiliar“熟悉的”均不符合文意。Ancien

    41、t Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.“ But【B1】_some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does【B2】_short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 【B3】_heart rate and oxyge

    42、n consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to【B4】_, a good laugh is unlikely to have【B5】_benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does. 【B6】_, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the【B7】_. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicat

    43、e that laughter【B8】_muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down. Such bodily reaction might conceivably help【B9】_the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of【B10】_feedback that improve an individual s emotion

    44、al state.【B11】_one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted【B12】_physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry【B13】_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow. Although sadness also【B14】_tears, evidence suggests that

    45、emotions can flow【B15】_muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Wu rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to【B16】_a pen either with their teeththereby creating an artificial smileor with their lips, which would produce a (n)【B17】_expre

    46、ssion. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles【B18】_more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,【B19】_that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.【B20】_, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.(分数:40

    47、.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.amongB.exceptC.despite D.like解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。本文第一句话讲到了亚里士多德的观点:笑对于健康非常重要。接下来提及另外一种观点:笑对身体健康没什么影响。可见前后是转折的关系,Cdespite“尽管”符合句意,为正确答案。among“在之中”;except“除了”;like“像”,均不符合题意。(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.reflectB.demandC.indicateD.produce 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。本句话意为,笑声确实能够引起心脏和血管功能的短期变化。此处 does表示强调。Dproduce“产生,引起”符合题意。reflect“反映,反思”,demand“要求,命令”,indicate“表明,预示”,均与题意不符。(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.stabilizingB.boosting C.impair


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