1、考研英语 73及答案解析(总分：36.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、Section Use of (总题数：1，分数：1.00)There is a general expectation that teachers can spot talented children and do something for them. But studies have 1 that teachers do not always 2 gifted children, even those 3 academic talent. In fact, they 4 to identify from 10 to
2、50 percent of their gifted students. The first 5 in identifying gifted students is determining the 6 for finding them. If we want to 7 a group of students for an 8 mathematics class, our approach would be different than 9 we are looking for students with high talent 10 a creative-writing program. Sp
3、ecific program needs and requirements, then, 11 the identification process. Subjective evaluation-teacher 12 , parent referral-should be 13 by standardized tests and other 14 measures of ability. Any 15 for identifying gifted children in a school system should 16 both subjective and objective method
4、s of 17 Classroom behavior, for example, can point 18 childrens ability to organize and use materials and reveal their potential for processing information better than 19 a test situation. Many aspects of creativity and verbal fluency are also best 20 in a classroom or informal setting. （分数：1.00）(1)
5、. There is a general expectation that teachers can spot talented children and do something for them. But studies have 1 that teachers do not always 2 gifted children, even those 3 academic talent. In fact, they 4 to identify from 10 to 50 percent of their gifted students. The first 5 in identifying
6、gifted students is determining the 6 for finding them. If we want to 7 a group of students for an 8 mathematics class, our approach would be different than 9 we are looking for students with high talent 10 a creative-writing program. Specific program needs and requirements, then, 11 the identificati
7、on process. Subjective evaluation-teacher 12 , parent referral-should be 13 by standardized tests and other 14 measures of ability. Any 15 for identifying gifted children in a school system should 16 both subjective and objective methods of 17 Classroom behavior, for example, can point 18 childrens
8、ability to organize and use materials and reveal their potential for processing information better than 19 a test situation. Many aspects of creativity and verbal fluency are also best 20 in a classroom or informal setting. （分数：0.05）A.expressedB.shownC.approvedD.confirmedA.preferB.admitC.recognizeD.
9、encounterA.methodB.stepC.phaseD.aimA.approachB.processC.reasonD.procedureA.signifyB.chooseC.specifyD.organizeA.enforcedB.innovatedC.extendedD.advancedA.ifB.asC.thatD.whenA.toB.forC.inD.onA.shapeB.completeC.modifyD.regulateA.argumentB.decisionC.judgementD.motivationA.classifiedB.determinedC.improvedD
10、.checkedA.subjectiveB.objectiveC.persuasiveD.effectiveA.forB.ofC.withoutD.withA.programB.classC.planD.projectA.constituteB.sustainC.includeD.embodyA.revelationB.examinationC.evaluationD.recognitionA.toB.upC.atD.outA.canB.doesC.doD.willA.qualifiedB.trainedC.highlightedD.observedA.failB.tendC.tryD.ref
11、use二、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.In the essay you should 1)describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and 2)give your comment on the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words nearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) In the essay you should 1)describe the picture and interpret its meaning, a
12、nd 2)give your comment on the phenomenon. You should write about 200 words nearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) * （分数：1.00）_三、Section Reading(总题数：4，分数：4.00)A “greenhouse effect“ will raise the earths temperature enough by the year 2100 to cause dramatic climate changes, increase sea levels and disr
13、upt food production, United States scientists said this week. The earths atmosphere is heating at a rate that could mean temperature rises of two degrees centigrade by the middle of the 21st century and five degrees centigrade by the year 2100, according to a report issued by the US governments Envi
14、ronmental Protection Agency (EPA). “Substantial increases in global warming may occur sooner than most of us would like to believe,“ the EPA said. The agency said the first effects might be felt as early as 1990, because temperatures would be rising more than seven times faster each decade between n
15、ow and the year 2100 than they had been for the past 100 years. “Temperature increases are likely to be accompanied by dramatic changes in precipitation and storm patterns and a rise in global average sea level,“ the EPA report said. “As a result,“ the agency said, “agricultural conditions will be s
16、ignificantly altered, environmental and economic systems potentially disrupted.“ The EPA report said the burning of fossil fuels was directly responsible for most of the atmosphere build-up of carbon dioxide but the current concentration is so great that even a worldwide ban on the use of such fuels
17、 would delay the warming effect for only a few years. “A warmer climate will raise sea levels by heating and expanding the worlds oceans and causing glaciers to melt,“ the EPA said. The agency estimated that sea levels could rise anything between 48 to 380 cm in the next 120 years. “An increase of e
18、ven 48 cm could flood or cause storm damage to many of the major ports of the world, disrupt transportation networks, alter underwater ecology systems and cause major shifts in land development patterns.“ One study cited in the report suggested that if the average global temperature rose by 2.5 degr
19、ees centigrade, regional climatic conditions might be similar to those during the last interglacial period 120,000 years ago. During this period, oceans were five to seven metres higher than todays, flooding the shores of Europe and western Siberia and making Scandinavia an island. The agency said t
20、hat while the warming trend could have some beneficial effects, such as reducing heating costs and improving climate and growing seasons in some parts of the world, there would be difficulty in redirecting national economies to adapt to the new climate patterns. The EPA said it seemed unlikely that
21、the nations of the world would reach a consensus on step to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Instead, it urged more research on the greenhouse effect and stressed the need for better planning to cope with the changes the warming trend is expected to produce. （分数：1.00）(1).As a result of the rising of
22、 the earths temperature, by 2100（分数：0.20）A.a greenhouse effect will occur drastically.B.worlds climate will defy inhabitation.C.agriculture will be thrown into disorder.D.most coastal cities will be submerged.(2). Which of the following is included in the EPA report?（分数：0.20）A.The greenhouse theory
23、seems controversial.B.World temperature will rise by 7 in 100 years.C.Most people anticipate slow global warming.D.The global warming rate may be underestimated.(3).Which of the points below is NOT given in the news report?（分数：0.20）A.After all, people will benefit much from the greenhouse effect.B.W
24、orld nations disagree on ways to lessen CO2 discharge.C.Further study on warming effect is strongly recommended.D.Elaborate designing for tackling greenhouse problem is emphasized.(4).The report says that if the use of fossil fuels were banned（分数：0.20）A.the earth might cease getting warmer perceivab
25、ly.B.the earth would slow its pace of warming evenly.C.the warming process would be affected slightly.D.the warming trend would be checked gradually.(5).The EPA warns us that unless the rise in the earths temperature were restrained,（分数：0.20）A.the continents would be flooded within a century.B.econo
26、mic inadaptation would be inescapable.C.world climate would return to that of the Ice Age.D.Europe would sink to the bottom of the Atlantic.If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition-wealth, distinction, control over ones destiny-must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambit
27、ions behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as an i
28、deal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition-if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped-with the educated themselves riding on them. Certain
29、ly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs-the locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess
30、 fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could ,lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publis
31、her of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is,“ Succeed at all costs
32、but avoid appearing ambitious.“ The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles ;its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the yo
33、ung, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are
34、 that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life. （分数：1.00）(1).It is generally believed that ambition may be well rega
35、rded if_.（分数：0.25）A.its returns well compensate for the sacrificesB.it is rewarded with money, fame and powerC.its goals are spiritual rather than materialD.it is shared by the rich and the famous(2).The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is_.（分数：0.25）A.customary of t
36、he educated to discard ambition in wordsB.too late to check ambition once it has been let outC.dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goalD.impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition(3).Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because _.（分数：0.25）A.they th
37、ink of it as immoralB.their pursuits are not fame or wealthC.ambition is not closely related to material benefitsD.they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible(4).From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained _.（分数：0.25）A.secretly and vigorouslyB.openly
38、 and enthusiasticallyC.easily and momentarilyD.verbally and spirituallyAmong the many other things it is, a portrait is always a record of the personal and artistic encounter that produced it. It is possible for artists to produce portraits of individuals who have not sat for them, but the portrait
39、that finally emerges normally betrays the restrictions under which the artist has been forced to labor. Even when an artists portrait is simply a copy of someone elses work-as in the many portraits of Queen Elizabeth I that were produced during her lifetime-the never-changing features of a ruler who
40、 refused to sit for her court painters reflect not only the supposed powers of an ever-youthful queen but the remoteness of those attempting to depict her as well. Portraits are “occasional“ not only in the sense that they are closely tied to particular events in the lives of their subjects but in t
41、he sense that there is usually an occasion-however brief, uncomfortable, artificial, or unsatisfactory it may prove to be-in which the artist and subject directly confront each other;and thus the encounter a portrait records is most really the sitting itself. The sitting may be brief or extended, co
42、llegial or confrontational. Cartier-Bresson has expressed his passion for portrait photography by characterizing it as “a duel without rules“. While Cartier-Bresson reveals himself as an interloper and opportunist, Richard Avedon confesses to a role as diagnostician and psychic healer: not as someon
43、e who necessarily transforms his subjects, but as someone who reveals their essential nature. Both photographers appear to agree on one basis, however, which is that the fundamental dynamic in this process lies squarely in the hands of the artist. A quite-different example has its roots not in confr
44、ontation or consultation but in active collaboration between the artist and sitter. This very different kind of relationship was formulated most vividly by William Hazlitt in his essay entitled “On Sitting for Ones Picture“. To Hazlitt, the “bond of connection“ between painter and sitter is most lik
45、e the relationship between two lovers: “They are always thinking and talking of the same thing, in which their self love finds an equal counterpart.“ Hazlitt flashes out his thesis by recounting particular episodes from the career of Sir Joshua Reynolds. According to Hazlitt, Reynolds sitters, accom
46、panied by their friends, were meant to enjoy an atmosphere that was both comfortable for them and conductive to the enterprise of the portrait painter, who was simultaneously their host and their contractual employee. In the case of artists like Reynolds, no fundamental difference exists between the
47、 artists studio and all those other rooms in which the sitters spin out the days of their lives. The act of entering Reynolds studio did not necessarily transform those who sat for him. Collaboration in portraiture such as Reynolds is based on the sitters comfort and security as well as on his or he
48、r desire to experiment with something new, and it is in this “creation of another self“, as Hazlitt put it, that the painters subjects may properly see themselves for the first time. （分数：1.00）(1). In referring to Queen Elizabeth I as “ever-youthful“, the author implies that（分数：0.20）A.she instructed
49、court painters to portray her younger than she actually was.B.all her portraits available for copying were painted when she was young.C.she intended her portrait to be painted young to reflect her ruling powers.D.artists purposely made her portraits appear younger than her actual age.(2).The author quotes Cartier-Bresson in order to（分数：0.20）A.refute Avedons conception about a portrai
