1、考研英语 184及答案解析(总分：36.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、Section Use of (总题数：1，分数：1.00)Comparisons were drawn between the development television in the 20th century and the diffusion printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened -|_|-As was discussed before, it was not -|_|- the 19th century that the n
2、ewspaper became the dominant pre- electronic -|_|- , following in the wake the pamphlet and the book and in the -|_|- the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution -|_|- up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading -|_|- through the telegraph, the telephone
3、, radio, and motion pictures -|_|- the 20th-century world the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that in -|_|- It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, -|_|- , that the introduction the computer in the early 20th century, -|_|-by the invention the integrated circuit during th
4、e 1960s, radically changed the , -|_|-its impact the media was not immediately -|_|-As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal“ too, as well as -|_|-, with display becoming sharper and storage -|_|-increasing. They were thought , like people, -|_|-generati
5、ons, with the distance between generations much -|_|-. It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the -|_|-within which we now live. The communications revolution has -|_|-both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and
6、 time, but there have been -|_|-views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weighed -|_|-“harmful“ outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult. Comparisons were drawn between the development television in the 20th century and the diffusion prin
7、ting in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened -|_|-As was discussed before, it was not -|_|- the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre- electronic -|_|- , following in the wake the pamphlet and the book and in the -|_|- the periodical. It was during the same time that
8、the communications revolution -|_|- up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading -|_|- through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures -|_|- the 20th-century world the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that in -|_|- It is important to do so. It is generally rec
9、ognized, -|_|- , that the introduction the computer in the early 20th century, -|_|-by the invention the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the , -|_|-its impact the media was not immediately -|_|-As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “perso
10、nal“ too, as well as -|_|-, with display becoming sharper and storage -|_|-increasing. They were thought , like people, -|_|-generations, with the distance between generations much -|_|-. It was within the computer age that the term “information society“ began to be widely used to describe the -|_|-
11、within which we now live. The communications revolution has -|_|-both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been -|_|-views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits“ have been weighed -|_|-“harmful“ outcomes. And genera
12、lizations have proved difficult. （分数：1.00）A.betweenB.beforeC.sinceD.later二、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：1.00)2. 1) Describe the pictures. 2) Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures. 3) Suggest counter-measures. 1) Describe the pictures. 2) Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures. 3) Su
13、ggest counter-measures.* （分数：1.00）_三、Section Reading(总题数：4，分数：4.00)When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they m
14、ay be regarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be-even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right-it can hardly be classed as Literature. This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, past
15、 conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts and emotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, says the Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed
16、 up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them ;we must use many sizes of type and different colore
17、d inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will. Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall int
18、o the river-and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.“ This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinkin
19、g man can refuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotional life calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed? （分数：1.00）(1).This passage is mainly_.（分数：0.25）A.a survey of new approaches to artB.a review of Futurist poet
20、ryC.about merits of the Futurist movementD.about laws and requirements of literature(2).When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_.（分数：0.25）A.determine its purposesB.ignore its flawsC.follow the new fashionsD.accept the principles(3).Futurists claim that we must_.（分数：0.25）A.increase t
21、he production of literatureB.use poetry to relieve modern stressC.develop new modes of expressionD.avoid using adjectives and verbs(4).The author believes that Futurist poetry is_.（分数：0.25）A.based on reasonable principlesB.new and acceptable to ordinary peopleC.indicative of a basic change in human
22、natureD.more of a transient phenomenon than literatureNo company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation. “Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?“ Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week. “You have sold your souls, but must you corr
23、upt our nation and threaten our children as well?“ At Time Warner, however, such questions are simply the latest manifestation of the soul-searching that has involved the company ever since the company was born in 1990. Its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibi
24、lity, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. At the core of this debate is chairman Gerald Levin,56,who took over for the late Steve Ross in 1992. On the financial front, Levin is under pressure to raise the stock price and reduce the companys mountainous debt, which will increase to $17.3
25、billion after two new cable deals close. He has promised to sell off some of the property and restructure the company, but investors are waiting impatiently. The flap over rap is not making life any easier for him. Levin has consistently defended the companys rap music on the grounds of expression.
26、In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-Ts violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as a lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. “The test of any democratic society,“ he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expr
27、ession but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont retreat in the face of any threats.“ Levin would not comment on the debate last week, but there were signs that the chairman was backi
28、ng off his hard-line stand, at least to some extent. During the discussion of rock singing verses at last months stockholders meeting, Levin asserted that“ music is not the cause of societys ills“ and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students. Bu
29、t he talked as well about the“ balanced struggle“ between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music. The 15-member Time Warner board is generally supportive
30、of Levin and his corporate strategy. But insiders say several of them have shown their concerns in this matter. “Some of us have known for many, many years that the freedoms under the First Amendment are not totally unlimited,“ says Luce.“I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated wi
31、th the company have only recently come to realize this.“ （分数：1.00）(1).Senator Robert Dole criticized Time Warner for _.（分数：0.25）A.its raising of the corporate stock priceB.its self-examination of soulC.its neglect of social responsibilityD.its emphasis on creative freedom(2). According to the passag
32、e, which of the following is TRUE ? _.（分数：0.25）A.Luce is a spokesman of Time Warner.B.Gerald Levin is liable to compromise.C.Time Warner is united as one in the face of the debate.D.Steve Ross is no longer alive.(3). In face of the recent attacks on the company , the chairman _.（分数：0.25）A.stuck to a
33、 strong stand to defend freedom of expressionB.softened his tone and adopted some new policyC.changed his attitude and yielded to objectionD.received more support from the 15-member board(4). The best title for this passage could be _.（分数：0.25）A.A Company under FireB.A Debate on Moral DeclineC.A Law
34、ful Outlet of Street CultureD.A Form of Creative FreedomWhen it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn t biting her nails just yet. But the 47- year-old manicurist isn t cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she d like to, either. Most of her clients spend 12 to 50 weekly, but last mo
35、nth two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I m a good economic indicator,“ she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they re concerned about saving some dollars.“ So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard s departm
36、ent store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too,“ she says. Even before Alan Greenspan s admission that America s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seen signs of the slowdown themselves. Fro
37、m car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, experts say, holiday sales are off
38、7 percent from last year s pace. But don t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy s long-term prospects even as they do some modest belt- tightening. Consumers say they re not in despair because, despite th
39、e dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there s a new gold rush happening in the 4 million to 10 million range, predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,“ says broker Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices ar
40、e still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,“ says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job. Many folks see silver linings to this slowd
41、own. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, t
42、oo. Getting a table at Manhattan s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan the effect is the movement of the ball through the air. In psychology and other sciences, the word “cause“ is often replaced by the term “independent variable“. This term impli
43、es that the experimenter is often “free“ to vary the independent variable as he or she desires (for example, the experimenter can control the speed of the paddle as it strikes the ball). The term “dependent variable“ replaces the word “effect“, and this term is used because the effect depends on som
44、e characteristic of the independent variable (the flight of the ball depends on the speed of the paddle). The conventions of science demand that both the independent and dependent variables be observable events, as is the case in the ping-pong example. In the case of biorhythm theory, the independen
45、t variable is the number of days that have elapsed between a persons date of birth and some test day. The dependent variable is the persons level of performance on some specified task on the test day. Notice that although the experimenter is not free to choose a birthday for a given individual, pers
46、ons with different dates of birth can be tested on the same day, or a single subject can be tested on several different days. In order to predict the relationship between independent and dependent variables, many scientific theories make use of what are called intervening variables. Intervening vari
47、ables are purely theoretical concepts that cannot be observed directly. To predict the flight of a ping-pong ball, Newtonian physics relies on a number of intervening variables, including force, mass, air resistance, and gravity. You can probably anticipate that the intervening variables of biorhythm theory are the three bodily cycles with their sp
