1、考研英语 175 及答案解析(总分：36.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、Section Use of (总题数：1，分数：1.00)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, -|_|- this is largely because, -|_|- animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are -|_|- to perceiving those
2、 smells which float through the air, -|_|- the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, -|_|- , we are extremely sensitive to smells, -|_|- we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of -|_|- human smells even these are -|_|-to far below one part in one million. Strangely, som
3、e people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, -|_|- others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate -|_|- smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send -|_
4、|- to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell -|_|- can suddenly become sensitive to it -|_|- to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it -|_|- to keep all smell receptors working all the time but ca
5、n -|_|- new receptors if necessary. This may -|_|- explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not need to be. We are not -|_|- of the usual smell of our own house, but we -|_|- new smells we visit someone else s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors -|_|- for u
6、nfamiliar and emergency signals -|_|- the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, -|_|- this is largely because, -|_|- animals, we stand upright. This means that our nose
7、s are -|_|- to perceiving those smells which float through the air, -|_|- the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, -|_|- , we are extremely sensitive to smells, -|_|- we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of -|_|- human smells even these are -|_|-to far below one part
8、 in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, -|_|- others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate -|_|- smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells
9、which sense smells and send -|_|- to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell -|_|- can suddenly become sensitive to it -|_|- to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it -|_|- to keep all smell recept
10、ors working all the time but can -|_|- new receptors if necessary. This may -|_|- explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not need to be. We are not -|_|- of the usual smell of our own house, but we -|_|- new smells we visit someone else s. The brain finds it best to k
11、eep smell receptors -|_|- for unfamiliar and emergency signals -|_|- the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. （分数：1.00）A.althoughB.asC.butD.while二、Section Writing(总题数：1，分数：1.00)2.Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe
12、the picture, 2) analyze the causes of the problem, and 3) propose possible solutions. You should write about 160200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points) Directions: Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should 1) describe the picture, 2) analyze the causes of t
13、he problem, and 3) propose possible solutions. You should write about 160200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)* （分数：1.00）_三、Section Reading(总题数：4，分数：4.00)The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to E
14、urope and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?“ Theres no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Mult
15、inational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, af
16、ter the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy. I
17、believe that the most important forces behind the massive M use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address. ( 10 points)Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address. ( 10 points)（分数：20.00）_五、Part C(总题数：1，分
18、数：10.00)Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) I shall mention two or three matters in which the need for cooperation between philosophy and science is especially intimate. 46 )
19、Since scientific method depends upon first-hand experimentally controlled experiences, any philosophic application of the scientific point of view will emphasize the need of such experiences in the school, as over against mere acquisition of ready-made information that is supplied in isolation from
20、the students own experience. So far, it will be in line with what is called the “progressive“ movement in education. But it will be an influence in counteracting any tendencies that may exist in progressive education to slight the importance of continuity in the experiences that are had and the impo
21、rtance of organization. 47 ) Unless the science of education on its own ground and behalf emphasizes subject-matters which contain within themselves the promise and power of continuous growth in the direction of organization, it is false to its own position as scientific. 48 ) In cooperation with a
22、philosophy of education, it can lend invaluable aid in seeing to it that the chosen subject-matters are also such that they progressively develop toward formation of attitudes of understanding the world in which students and teachers live and toward forming the attitudes of purpose, desire and actio
23、n which will make pupils effective in dealing with social conditions. Another point of common interest concerns the place in the schools of the sciences, especially the place of the habits which form scientific attitude and method. The sciences had to battle against powerful enemies to obtain recogn
24、ition in the curriculum. In a formal sense, the battle has been won, but not yet in a substantial sense. For scientific subject-matter is still more or less isolated as a special body of facts and truths. 49) The full victory will not be won until every subject and lesson is taught in connection wit
25、h its bearing upon creation and growth of the kind of power of observation, inquiry, reflection and testing that are the heart of scientific intelligence. Experimental philosophy is at one with the genuine spirit of a scientific attitude in the endeavor to obtain for scientific method this central p
26、lace in education. Finally, the science and philosophy of education can and should work together in overcoming the split between knowledge and action, between theory and practice, which now affects both education and society so seriously and harmfully. 50 )Indeed, it is not too much to say that inst
27、itution of a happy marriage between theory and practice is in the end the chief meaning of a science and a philosophy of education that work together for common ends. （分数：10.00）(1).Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation must be wri
28、tten neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points) I shall mention two or three matters in which the need for cooperation between philosophy and science is especially intimate. 46 )Since scientific method depends upon first-hand experimentally controlled experiences, any philosophic application of the scien
29、tific point of view will emphasize the need of such experiences in the school, as over against mere acquisition of ready-made information that is supplied in isolation from the students own experience. So far, it will be in line with what is called the “progressive“ movement in education. But it wil
30、l be an influence in counteracting any tendencies that may exist in progressive education to slight the importance of continuity in the experiences that are had and the importance of organization. 47 ) Unless the science of education on its own ground and behalf emphasizes subject-matters which cont
31、ain within themselves the promise and power of continuous growth in the direction of organization, it is false to its own position as scientific. 48 ) In cooperation with a philosophy of education, it can lend invaluable aid in seeing to it that the chosen subject-matters are also such that they pro
32、gressively develop toward formation of attitudes of understanding the world in which students and teachers live and toward forming the attitudes of purpose, desire and action which will make pupils effective in dealing with social conditions. Another point of common interest concerns the place in th
33、e schools of the sciences, especially the place of the habits which form scientific attitude and method. The sciences had to battle against powerful enemies to obtain recognition in the curriculum. In a formal sense, the battle has been won, but not yet in a substantial sense. For scientific subject
34、-matter is still more or less isolated as a special body of facts and truths. 49) The full victory will not be won until every subject and lesson is taught in connection with its bearing upon creation and growth of the kind of power of observation, inquiry, reflection and testing that are the heart
35、of scientific intelligence. Experimental philosophy is at one with the genuine spirit of a scientific attitude in the endeavor to obtain for scientific method this central place in education. Finally, the science and philosophy of education can and should work together in overcoming the split betwee
36、n knowledge and action, between theory and practice, which now affects both education and society so seriously and harmfully. 50 )Indeed, it is not too much to say that institution of a happy marriage between theory and practice is in the end the chief meaning of a science and a philosophy of educat
37、ion that work together for common ends. （分数：2.00）_考研英语 175 答案解析(总分：36.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、Section Use of (总题数：1，分数：1.00)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, -|_|- this is largely because, -|_|- animals, we stand upright. This m
38、eans that our noses are -|_|- to perceiving those smells which float through the air, -|_|- the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, -|_|- , we are extremely sensitive to smells, -|_|- we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of -|_|- human smells even these are -|_|-to
39、far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, -|_|- others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate -|_|- smell receptors in the nose. These recept
40、ors are the cells which sense smells and send -|_|- to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell -|_|- can suddenly become sensitive to it -|_|- to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it -|_|- to kee
41、p all smell receptors working all the time but can -|_|- new receptors if necessary. This may -|_|- explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smellswe simply do not need to be. We are not -|_|- of the usual smell of our own house, but we -|_|- new smells we visit someone else s. The brain
42、finds it best to keep smell receptors -|_|- for unfamiliar and emergency signals -|_|- the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire. The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, -|_|- this is largely because, -|_|- an
43、imals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are -|_|- to perceiving those smells which float through the air, -|_|- the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, -|_|- , we are extremely sensitive to smells, -|_|- we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of -|_|- human
44、 smells even these are -|_|-to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, -|_|- others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate -|_|- smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and se
