1、考研英语-试卷 9 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The 20th century may have been the age of scientific advancement but, as the new millen
2、nium begins, (1)_ world health the progress has been surprisingly slow. Who would believe that there is still no (2)_ for cancer, that 100 years on diarrhea is still on the top 10 lists of world-wide killers and that tuberculosis usually (3)_. Victorian squalorwould have reemerged in the West (4)_ g
3、rowing threat? The fact is that despite growing life (5)_ and economic growth, a billion people entered the 21st century (6)_ having a share in medical advancestheir lives (7)_ or scarred by disease. According to the World Health Organization“s latest report, diarrhea killed 2.2m people in 1998 and
4、yet it is a condition that can easily be (8)_ through cheap rehydration therapy. It was the sixth biggest killer of 1998, an honour shared with stillbirth and infant deaths (9)_ cause of death that smacks of the 19th (10)_ 21st century. WHO“s top 10 killers list can almost be divided down the middle
5、 (11)_ infectious diseasesa feature of low income countriesand non-communicable disease, such as cancer and heart trouble, (12)_ in wealthy nations. How we die is an indicator of our (13)_. In the rich West it is from cancer, cardiovascular disease and psychiatric illnesses (14)_ In poor countries i
6、nfectious diseases are still the biggest killers. It is almost (15)_ those of us who don“t have to worry about poverty have brought ill-health upon ourselves. (16)_ once we would hunt and walk, we now remain sedentary, smoke heavily and put ourselves at (17)_ of heart disease and cancer. While we do
7、n“t need to use all our energies (18)_ where the next meal will come from we have more time to (19)_ on existential is sues, relationships and our standards of living. Perhaps it“s no coincidence that (20)_ is three times more likely to cause loss of healthy years in Europe and the US than in Africa
8、.（分数：40.00）A.with regardsB.in terms ofC.in respect ofD.concerning withA.healingB.therapyC.cureD.remedyA.associated withB.involved inC.contacted withD.subjected toA.forB.likeC.byD.asA.cycleB.timeC.expectancyD.expectationA.byB.withoutC.notD.withA.shortenedB.expandedC.lengthenedD.damagedA.put to rightB
9、.put to correctC.put rightD.put correctA.otherB.anotherC.certainD.theA.more thanB.other thanC.less thanD.rather thanA.betweenB.toC.fromD.withA.sweepingB.prevalentC.generalD.widespreadA.powerB.strengthC.wealthD.healthA.whenB.sinceC.whereD.whileA.as thoughB.as forC.as toD.as regardsA.WhichB.WhereC.Whe
10、nD.WhatA.dangerB.threatC.riskD.jeopardyA.drawing outB.figuring outC.working outD.making outA.dwellB.stayC.thinkD.resideA.povertyB.miseryC.prosperityD.depression二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the ques
11、tions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._Prices are sky high, with profits to match. But looking further ahead, the industry faces wrenching change, says an expert of energy. “The time when we could count on cheap oil and even cheaper natural gas is clearly ending. That was the gloomy forecas
12、t delivered in February by Dave O“Reilly, the chairman of Chevron Texaco, to hundreds of oilmen gathered for a conference in Houston. The following month, Venezuela“s President Hugo Chavez gleefully echoed the sentiment: “The world should forget about cheap oil.“ The surge in oil prices, from $10 a
13、barrel in 1998 to above $50 in early 2005, has prompted talk of a new era of sustained higher prices. But whenever a “new era“ in oil is hailed, scepticism is in order. After all, this is essentially a cyclical business in which prices habitually yo-yo. Even so, an unusually loud chorus is now joini
14、ng Messrs O“Reilly and Chavez, pointing to intriguing evidence of a new “price floor“ of $30 or perhaps even $40. Confusingly, though, there are also signs that high oil prices may be caused by a speculative bubble that could burst quite suddenly. To see which camp is right, two questions need answe
15、ring: why did the oil price soar? And what could keep it high? To make matters more complicated, there is in fact no such thing as a single “oil price“: rather, there are dozens of varieties of crude trading at different prices. When newspapers write about oil prices, they usually mean one of two re
16、ference crudes: Brent from the North Sea, or West Texas Intermediate (WTI). But when ministers from the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC discuss prices, they usually refer to a basket of heavier cartel crudes, which trade at a discount to WTI and Brent. All oil prices mentione
17、d in this survey are per barrel of WTI. The recent volatility in prices is only one of several challenges facing the oil industry. Although at first sight Big Oil seems to be in rude health, posting record profits, this survey will argue that the western oil majors will have their work cut out to co
18、pe with the rise of resource nationalism, which threatens to choke off access to new oil reserves. This is essential to replace their existing reserves, which are rapidly declining. They will also have to respond to efforts by governments to deal with oil“s serious environmental and geopolitical sid
19、e-effects. Together, these challenges could yet wipe out the oil majors.（分数：10.00）(1).Dave O“Reilly and Hugo Chavez believe that（分数：2.00）A.prices of oil and natural gas are very high.B.prices of oil and natural gas will not go down.C.oil and natural gas will keep sustained high prices.D.the world ha
20、s forgotten about cheap oil.(2).According to some loud chorus, the oil price in the new era will be as low as（分数：2.00）A.about $10 a barrel.B.nearly $30 a barrel.C.$3040 a barrel.D.$50 a barrel.(3).According to the passage, “West Texas Intermediate“ (Paragraph 4) refers to（分数：2.00）A.an oil industry.B
21、.an oil company.C.a government organization.D.a kind of crude oil.(4).What is the key to oil price in the author“s opinion?（分数：2.00）A.Energy crisis.B.Dozens of varieties of crude trading.C.Several challenges facing the oil industry.D.The rise of resource nationalism.(5).What is the tone of the passa
22、ge?（分数：2.00）A.Humorous.B.Indifferent.C.Serious.D.Anxious.Every spring migrating salmon return to British Columbia“s rivers to spawn. And every spring new reports detail fresh disasters that befall them. This year is no different. The fisheries committee of Canada“s House of Commons and a former chie
23、f justice of British Columbia, Bryan Williams, have just examined separately why 1.3 million sockeye salmon mysteriously “disappeared“ from the famed Fraser river fishery in 2004. Their conclusions point to a politically explosive conflict between the survival of salmon and the rights of First Natio
24、ns, as Canadians call Indians. In 2004, only about 524,000 salmon are thought to have returned to the spawning grounds, barely more than a quarter the number who made it four years earlier. High water temperatures may have killed many. The House of Commons also lambasted the federal Department of Fi
25、sheries and Oceans (DFO) for poor scientific data, and for failing to enforce catch levels. Four similar reports since 1992 have called for the department“s reform. In vain: its senior officials are “in denial“ about its failings, said the committee.Mr. Williams“ report added a more shocking twist.
26、He concluded that illegal fishing on the Fraser river is “rampant and out of control“, with “no go“ zones where fisheries officers are told not to confront Indian poachers for fear of violence. The judge complained that the DFO withheld a report by one of its investigators which detailed extensive p
27、oaching and sale of salmon by members of the Cheam First Nation, some of whom were armed. Some First Nations claim an unrestricted right to fish and sell their catch. Canada“s constitution acknowledges the aboriginal right to fish for food and for social and ceremonial needs, but not a general comme
28、rcial right. On the Fraser, however, the DFO has granted Indians a special commercial fishery. To some Indians, even that is not enough. Both reports called for more funds for the DFO, to improve data collection and enforcement. They also recommended returning to a single legal regime for commercial
29、 fishing applying to all Canadians. On April 14th, Geoff Regan, the federal fisheries minister, responded to two previous reports from a year ago. One, from a First Nations group, suggested giving natives a rising share of the catch. The other proposed a new quota system for fishing licences, and th
30、e conclusion of long-standing talks on treaties, including fishing rights, with First Nations. Mr. Regan said his department would spend this year consulting “stakeholders“ (natives, commercial and sport fishermen). It will also launch pilot projects aimed at improving conservation, enforcement and
31、First Nations“ access to fisheries.（分数：10.00）(1).The “explosive conflict“ in the first paragraph refers to（分数：2.00）A.salmon“s return to British Columbia“s rivers to spawn.B.the fisheries committee of Canada“s House of Commons and Bryan Williams.C.the struggle between sockeye salmon and human beings.
32、D.the collision between salmon“s survival and human fishery.(2).How many salmon were there every spring in British Columbia“s rivers four years earlier?（分数：2.00）A.1.3 million.B.About 524,000.C.About 1,824,000.D.Above 2,000,000.(3).Which of the following is NOT the reason for the decrease of salmon a
33、ccording to Mr. Williams?（分数：2.00）A.High water temperatures.B.Shocking twist.C.Illegal fishing.D.Officials“ failings.(4).What does “First Nations“ refer to?（分数：2.00）A.Canadian Indians.B.American Indians.C.Natives of the Fraser.D.People who inhabiting the Fraser.(5).What is Geoff Regan, the federal f
34、isheries minister, most probably going to do?（分数：2.00）A.He is going to respond to two previous reports.B.He is going to propose a new quota system for fishing licences.C.He is going to consult natives, commercial and sport fishermen.D.He is going to keep a balance between conservation, enforcement a
35、nd fisheries.Asia“s real boat-rocker is a growing China, not Japan, a senior American economist observed. There is so much noise surrounding and emanating from the world“s miracle economy that it is becoming cacophonous. In Washington, D.C., the latest idea is that China is becoming too successful,
36、perhaps even dangerously so: while Capitol Hill resounds with complaints of trade surpluses and currency manipulation, the Pentagon and sundry think-tanks echo to a new drumbeat of analysts worrying about China“s 12.6% annual rise in military spending and about whether it might soon have the ability
37、 to take preemptive military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it. So it may be no coincidence that for three consecutive weekends the streets of big Chinese cities have been filled with the sounds of demonstrators marching and rocks being thrown, all seeking to send a different message: that Japan i
38、s the problem in Asia, not China, because of its wanton failure to face up to its history; and that by cosying up to Japan in security matters, America is allying with Asia“s pariah. Deafness is not the only risk from all this noise. The pressure towards protectionism in Washington is strong, and co
39、uld put in further danger not only trade with China but also the wider climate for trade liberalisation in the Doha round of the World Trade Organisation (WTO). So far words have been the main weapons used between China and Japan, but there is a chance that nationalism in either or both countries co
40、uld lead the governments to strike confrontational poses over their territorial disputes in the seas that divide them, even involving their navies. And the more that nationalist positions become entrenched in both countries but especially China, the more that street protests could become stirred up,
41、 perhaps towards more violence. All these issues are complex ones and, as is often the case in trade and in historical disputes, finding solutions is likely to be far from simple. A revaluation of the yuan, as demanded in Congress, would not rebalance trade between America and China, though it might
42、 help a little, in due course. A “sincere“ apology by Japan for its wartime atrocities might also help a little, but it would not suddenly turn Asia“s natural great-power rivals into bosom buddies. For behind all the noise lies one big fact: that it is the rise of China, not the status or conduct of
43、 Japan, that poses Asia“s thorniest questions.（分数：10.00）(1).The “the world“s miracle economy“ in the beginning of the second paragraph refers to（分数：2.00）A.Asia“s real boat-rocker.B.China“s economic success.C.Japan“s economic success.D.both China and Japan“s economic success.(2).What does the word “t
44、hink-tanks“ (Paragraph 2) mean?（分数：2.00）A.Tanks that can think as human beings.B.An institute or group providing solutions for some problems.C.A group of authoritative people.D.Scholars and professional men.(3).What is the reason for the demonstrations in the streets of big Chinese cities?（分数：2.00）A
45、.China takes military action to force Taiwan to rejoin it.B.Japan is the problem in Asia, not China.C.Japan is unwilling to face up to its history.D.America is allying with Asia“s pariah.(4).How will the territorial disputes between China and Japan be settled according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.By wo
46、rds and negotiations.B.By their navies.C.By more violence.D.Unclear.(5).What is the main cause of the issues in Asia according to the author?（分数：2.00）A.Trade and historical disputes.B.The appreciation of the yuan.C.Japan“s refusal of apology for its wartime atrocities.D.The rise of China.It has been
47、 a wretched few weeks for America“s celebrity bosses. AIG“s Maurice Greenberg has been dramatically ousted from the firm through which he dominated global insurance for decades. At Morgan Stanley a mutiny is forcing Philip Purcell, a boss used to getting his own way, into an increasingly desperate c
48、ampaign to save his skin. At Boeing, Harry Stonecipher was called out of retirement to lead the scandal-hit firm and raise ethical standards, only to commit a lapse of his own, being sacked for sending e-mails to a lover who was also an employee. Carly Fiorina was the most powerful woman in corporate America until a few weeks ago, when Hewlett-Packard (HP) sacked her for poor performance. The fate of Bernie Ebbers is much grimmer. The once high-profile boss of WorldCom could well spend the rest of his life behind bars following his conviction
