1、考研英语-试卷 68 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_(1)_ exactly a year ago, in a small village in Northern India, Andrea Milliner was bit
2、ten on the leg by a dog. “It must have (2)_ your nice white flesh“, joked the doctor (3)_ he dressed the wound. Andrea and her husband Nigel were determined not to let it (4)_ their holiday, and thought no more about the dog, which had meanwhile (5)_ disappeared from the village. “We didn“t (6)_ the
3、re was anything wrong with it,“ says Nigel. “It was such a small, (7)_ dog that rabies didn“t (8)_ my mind“. But, six weeks later, 23-year-old Andrea was dead. The dog had been rabid. No one had thought it necessary to (9)_ her antirabies treatment. When, back home in England, she began to show the
4、classic (10)_ unable to drink, catching her breath her own doctor put it (11)_ to hysteria. Even when she was (12)_ into an (13)_, hallucinating, recoiling in terror at the sight of water, she was directed (14)_ the nearest mental hospital. But if her symptoms (15)_ little attention in life, in deat
5、h they achieved a publicity close to hysteria. Cases like Andrea are (16)_, but rabies is still one of the most feared diseases known to man. The disease is (17)_ by a bite of a lick from an (18)_ animal. It can, in very (19)_ circumstances, be inhaledtwo scientists died of it after (20)_ bat dung i
6、n a cave in Texas.（分数：40.00）A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlmostD.MerelyA.fanciedB.flashedC.floppedD.gaspedA.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.asA.snapB.spoilC.strayD.suitA.noisilyB.quietlyC.absolutelyD.exceedinglyA.imagineB.realizeC.assumeD.presumeA.likeableB.likelyC.likingD.likewiseA.changeB.enterC.loseD.setA.infectB.inje
7、ctC.saveD.giveA.symptomsB.signC.signalD.markA.outB.downC.upD.offA.loafedB.loanedC.loadedD.locatedA.automobileB.vehicleC.truckD.ambulanceA.forB.out ofC.fromD.toA.paidB.gaveC.turnedD.receivedA.seldomB.rareC.scareD.lessA.transformedB.transferredC.transmittedD.transportedA.injectedB.infectedC.injuredD.i
8、nsertedA.outstandingB.commonC.ordinaryD.exceptionalA.inhalingB.invertingC.inheritingD.initiating二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._When it comes to
9、 suing doctors, Philadelphia is hardly the city of brotherly love. A combination of sprightly lawyers and sympathetic juries has made Philadelphia a hotspot for medical-malpractice lawsuits. Since 1995, Pennsylvania state courts have awarded an average of $2m in such cases, according to Jury Verdict
10、 Research, a survey firm. Some medical specialists have seen their malpractice insurance premiums nearly double over the past year. Obstetricians are now paying up to $104,000 a year to protect themselves. The insurance industry is largely to blame. Carol Golin, the Monitor“s editor, argues that in
11、the 1990s insurers tried to grab market share by offering artificially low rates (betting that any losses would be covered by gains on their investments). The stock-market correction, coupled with the large legal awards, has eroded the insurers“ reserves. Three in Pennsylvania alone have gone bust.
12、A few doctorsparticularly older oneswill quit. The rest are adapting. Some are abandoning litigation-prone procedures, such as delivering babies. Others are moving parts of their practice to neighboring states where insurance rates are lower. Some from Pennsylvania have opened offices in New Jersey.
13、 New doctors may also be deterred from setting up shop in litigation havens, however prestigious. Despite a Republican president, tort reform has got nowhere at the federal level. Indeed doctors could get clobbered indirectly by a Patients“ Bill of Rights, which would further expose managed care com
14、panies to lawsuits. This prospect has fuelled interest among doctors in Pennsylvania“s new medical malpractice reform bill, which was signed into law on March 20th. It will, among other things, give doctors $40m of state funds to offset their insurance premiums, spread the payment of awards out over
15、 time and prohibit individuals from double-dipping, that is, suing a doctor for damages that have already been paid by their health insurer. But will it really help? Randall Bovbjerg, a health policy expert at the Urban Institute, argues that the only proper way to slow down the litigation machine w
16、ould be to limit the compensation for pain and suffering, so-called “non-monetary damages“. Needless to say, a fixed cap on such awards is resisted by most trial lawyers. But Mr. Bovbjerg reckons a more nuanced approach, with a sliding scale of payments based on well-defined measures of injury, is a
17、 better way forward. In the meantime, doctors and insurers are bracing themselves for a couple more rough years before the insurance cycle turns. Nobody disputes that hospital staff make mistakes: a 1999 Institute of Medicine report claimed that errors kill at least 44,000 patients a year. But there
18、 is little evidence that malpractice lawsuits on their own will solve the problem.（分数：10.00）(1).It is implied in the first sentence that doctors in Philadelphia（分数：2.00）A.are over-confident of their social connections in daily life.B.benefit a lot from their malpractice insurance premiums.C.are more
19、 likely to be sued for their medical-malpractice.D.pay less than is required by law to protect themselves.(2).At the time when this article was written, the situation for doctors in Philadelphia seemed to be（分数：2.00）A.rather gloomy.B.fairly optimistic.C.very desperate.D.quite reassuring.(3).By menti
20、oning “double dipping“(Paragraph 4), the author is talking about（分数：2.00）A.awards given to patients by doctors.B.market share secured by insurers.C.malpractice reform bill to be passed.D.insurance rates-cut in some states.(4).It seems that the author is very critical of（分数：2.00）A.litigation-prone ar
21、eas.B.the insurance premium.C.irresponsible hospital staff.D.the insurance industry.(5).We can learn from the text that a new law in Pennsylvanian（分数：2.00）A.will subject insurance companies to lawsuits.B.helps solve the problem of hospital staff errors.C.may leave doctors a little better protected.D
22、.helps patients sue a doctor for damages.After Los Angeles, Atlanta may be America“s most car-dependent city. Atlantans sentimentally give their cars names, compare speeding tickets and jealously guard any sidestreet where it is possible to park. The city“s roads are so well worn that the first act
23、of the new mayor, Shirley Franklin, was to start repairing potholes. In 1998, 13 metro counties lost federal highway funds because their air-pollution levels violated the Clean Air Act. The American Highway Users Alliance ranked three Atlanta interchanges among the 18 worst bottlenecks in the countr
24、y. Other cities in the same fix have reorganized their highways, imposed commuter and car taxes, or expanded their public-transport systems. Atlanta does not like any of these things. Public transport is a vexed subject, too. Atlanta“s metropolitan region is divided into numerous county and smaller
25、city governments, which find it hard to work together. Railways now serve the city center and the airport, but not much else; bus stops are often near-invisible poles, offering no indication of which bus might stop there, or when. Georgia“s Democratic governor, Roy Barnes, who hopes for re-election
26、in November, has other plans. To win back the federal highway money lost under the Clean Air Act, he created the Georgia Regional Transportation Authority (GRTA), a 15-member board with the power to make the county governments, the city and the ten-county Atlanta Regional Commission co-operate on tr
27、ansport plans, whether they like it or not. Now GRTA has issued its own preliminary plan, allocating $4.5 billion over the next three years for a variety of schemes. The plan earmarks money to widen roads；to have an electric shuttle bus shuttle tourists among the elegant villas of Buckhead; and to c
28、reate a commuter rail link between Atlanta and Macon, two hours to the south. Counties will be encouraged, with generous ten-to-one matching funds, to start express bus services. Public goodwill, however, may not stretch as far as the next plan, which is to build the Northern Arc highway for 65 mile
29、s across three counties north of the city limits. GRTA has allotted $270m for this. Supporters say it would ease the congestion on local roads; opponents think it would worsen over-development and traffic. The counties affected, and even GRTA“s own board, are divided. The governor is in favor, howev
30、er; and since he can appoint and fire GRTA“S members, that is probably the end of the story. Mr. Barnes has a tendency to do as he wants, regardless. His arrogance on traffic matters could also lose him votes. But Mr. Barnes think that Atlanta“s slowing economy could do him more harm than the anti-s
31、prawl movement.（分数：10.00）(1).The author“s presentation of Atlantans“ car-dependence is meant（分数：2.00）A.to be ironic.B.to poke fun to them.C.to be fair.D.to make it notorious.(2).Which of the following is not part of the “anti-sprawl movement“ as planned by governor Roy Barnes?（分数：2.00）A.The construc
32、tion of a commuter rail link.B.His success in re-election in November.C.The initiation of shuttle bus transit.D.The allocation of money to widen roads.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?（分数：2.00）A.The federal highway funds were lost under the Clean Air Act.B.The county governmen
33、ts should be cooperative on traffic matters.C.Atlantans must abandon buses and trains and build more highways.D.Atlanta leaves a bad impression on visitors in terms of its traffic.(4).It can be learnt from the text that Georgia“s Governor Roy Barnes（分数：2.00）A.is in tyrannous control of the GRTA boar
34、d.B.cuts an impressive nonconformist image.C.is bound to win the re-election coming up.D.channels part of funds to his personal assets.(5).In eyes of the writer, the best solution to the traffic problem in Atlanta seems to lie in（分数：2.00）A.the enforcement of traffic regulations.B.the challenge to Go
35、vernor Barnes“s arrogance.C.the increase of commuter and car taxes.D.the improvement of its public-transport systems.The title of the biography The American Civil War Fighting for the Lady could hardly be more provocative. Thomas Keneally, an Australian writer, is unapologetic. In labeling a hero of
36、 the American civil war a notorious scoundrel he switches the spotlight from the brave actions of Dan Sickles at the battle of Gettysburg to his earlier pre meditated murder, of the lover of his young and pretty Italian-American wife, Teresa. It is not the murder itself that disgusts Mr. Keneally bu
37、t Sickles“s treatment of his wife afterwards, and how his behavior mirrored the hypocritical misogyny of 19th-century America. The murder victim, Philip Barton Key, Teresa Sickles“s lover, came from a famous old southern family. He was the nephew of the then chief justice of the American Supreme Cou
38、rt and the son of the writer of the country“s national anthem. Sickles, a Tammany Hall politician in New York turned Democratic congressman in Washington, shot Key dead in 1859 at a corner of Lafayette Square, within shouting distance of the White House. But the murder trial was melodramatic, even b
39、y the standards of the day. With the help of eight lawyers, Sickles was found not guilty after using the novel plea of “temporary insanity“. The country at large was just as forgiving, viewing Key“s murder as a gallant crime of passion. Within three years, Sickles was a general on the Unionist side
40、in the American civil War and, as a new friend of Abraham and Mary Lincoln, a frequent sleepover guest at the White House. Mrs. Sickles was less fortunate. She was shunned by friends she had made as the wife of a rising politician. Her husband, a serial adulterer whose many mistresses included Queen
41、 Isabella of Spain and the madam of an industrialized New York whorehouse, re fused to be seen in her company. Laura, the Sickles“s daughter, was an innocent victim of her father“s vindictiveness and eventually died of drink in the Bowery district of New York. Sickles“s bold actions at Gettysburg ar
42、e, in their own way, just as controversial. Argument continues to rage among scholars, as to whether he helped the Union to victory or nearly caused its defeat when he moved his forces out of line to occupy what he thought was better ground. James Longstreet, the Confederate general who led the atta
43、ck against the new position, was in no doubt about the brilliance of the move. Mr. Keneally is better known as a novelist. Here he shows himself just as adept at Biography, and achieves both his main aims. He restores the reputation of Teresa Sickles, “this beautiful, pleasant and intelligent girl“,
44、 and breathes full and controversial life into a famous military engagement.（分数：10.00）(1).Keneally“s biography is intended mainly to（分数：2.00）A.launch a surprise attack on Democratic congressman.B.show sympathy for an abused but reputed lady, Teresa.C.curse bitterly at the hypocrisy of notorious hero
45、es.D.expose the true character of a civil war general.(2).The author is of the opinion that Keneally“s perspectives are（分数：2.00）A.insightful.B.superficial.C.biased.D.skeptical.(3).The case of Mrs. Sickles“ unfortunate story is mentioned to illustrate（分数：2.00）A.Key“s murder solely as a gallant crime
46、of passion.B.the controversy raised over a notorious hero, Sickles.C.the brilliance of strategies as displayed by Sickles.D.the hypocritical misogyny of 19th-century America.(4).It is generally believed that Sickles shot Key, the lover of his wife（分数：2.00）A.to promote his popularity.B.out of an unco
47、ntrollable impulse.C.to revenge his opponents.D.in view of the lady“s reputation.(5).This text appears to be a digest of（分数：2.00）A.a history textbook.B.a magazine feature.C.a book review.D.a newspaper editorial.As thick-skinned elected officials go, FIFA President Joseph S. Blatter is right up there
48、 with Bill Clinton. The chief of the Zurich-based group that oversees World Cup soccer hasn“t been accused of groping any interns, but that“s about all he hasn“t been accused of. Vote buying, mismanagement, cronyismand that“s just for starters. Yet the 66- year-old Swiss shows no sign of abandoning his campaign for a second four-year term. Blatter, a geek of dispensing FIFA“S hundreds of million in annual revenue to inspire loyalty, even stands a good chance of reelection. At least he did. Since mid-March, he has seen a credible challenger e
