1、考研英语-试卷 284及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_America“s Federal Reserve cut interest rates by another quarter-point, to 3.75%. Wall
2、Street, which had been (1)_ for a sixth half-point cut, was disappointed. The Dow fell by 2% (2)_ the week. The past week“s economic statistics gave mixed signals. Exports dropped by 2% in both March and April, largely (3)_ a decline in high-tech investment (4)_; the merchandise-trade (5)_ widened t
3、o $458 billion in the 12 months (6)_ April. (7)_, the Conference Board“s index of consumer confidence was higher than (8)_ in June. Concerns (9)_ inflation in the euro area (10)_. Preliminary data (11)_ that German consumer-price inflation fell to 3.1% in the year to June, from 3.5% in May; wage gro
4、wth (12)_ to 1.4% in April, a real pay cut of 1.5%. Some economists fear that Germany is on the (13)_ of recession. The IFO index of business confidence dropped more (14)_ than expected in May, and the institute has cut its forecast of GDP (15)_ this year to only 1.2%, well (16)_ the German governme
5、nt“s forecast of 2%. The euro area“s current-account deficit narrowed to $30 billion in the 12 months to April. Britain“s deficit in the first quarter was its smallest (17)_ 1998, (18)_ record investment income. There was more bad news from Japan, (19)_ retail sales in large stores fell by 3.2% in M
6、ay, the 37th consecutive monthly fall. The yen fell (20)_ the dollar, touching almost Yen 125 on one point.（分数：40.00）A.expectingB.hopingC.wishingD.dreamingA.inB.aboveC.duringD.aboutA.because ofB.sinceC.becauseD.thanks toA.at homeB.homeC.from abroadD.abroadA.deficitB.shortageC.scarcityD.shortfallA.to
7、B.untilC.upD.ontoA.AlthoughB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.HenceA.projectedB.plannedC.predictedD.expectedA.onB.forC.ofD.overA.stoppedB.easedC.relievedD.improvedA.showedB.demonstratedC.illustratedD.explainedA.reducedB.cutC.slowD.lessenedA.edgeB.rimC.lipD.brinkA.harshlyB.huskilyC.strictlyD.severelyA.growthB.ris
8、eC.increaseD.escalationA.aboveB.belowC.highD.lowA.afterB.sinceC.untilD.towardsA.owe toB.because ofC.on account ofD.thanks toA.whereB.whichC.whatD.whoA.in opposition toB.opposed toC.againstD.versus二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the f
9、ollowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._At the end of last year, a town called Friendship Heights, in Maryland“s Montgomery County, approved America“s (and thus the world“s) strictest tobacco policy. Town officers courageously banned smoking on all public
10、property, including streets, pavements and public squares. “It“s a public health issue“, said the mayor, Alfred Muller, who is also a doctor. “We don“t have the right to outlaw tobacco, but we“re doing what we can within our rights“. This newspaper has expressed disgruntlement with the element of in
11、tolerance that is increasingly manifesting itself within America“s anti-tobacco movement. It must be said, however, that brave Friendship Heights has discovered an approach that liberals can embrace. Private property is its owners“ sanctuary, but the public rules in public spaces. Undeniably, the st
12、reets belong to the government; what happens in them, therefore, is the government“s business. On this worthy principle, smoking should be merely the beginning. For example, it is clear that the consumption of fatty foods contributes to heart disease, strokes and other deadly disease. Besides, eatin
13、g junk makes you fat and ugly. What people do at home is their own affair, but why allows them to abuse the public streets for this gluttony? America“s pavements and boardwalks are overridden with persons, many of them overweight, who amble along licking ice cream or gobbling chips. In many cities,
14、hot dogs are spread, quite openly, on the pavement itself. All this should be stopped. Not just in Friendship Heights but in other enlightened districts, it should be illegal to eat anything but low-fat foods in public zones. Because Americans consume too little by way of fruits and vegetables, in t
15、ime (it is best to move slowly, because people“s rights must be respected) streets should become strictly vegetarian. More can be done. Shrieking newspaper headlines create stress for those who may not wish to view them. People who want to buy and read papers should therefore be required to do so in
16、 private. America has long and justly sought to prevent the entanglement of religion with public life. What people do in church or at home is their business. However, praying, sermonizing or wearing religious garb in the streets surely compromises the requirement that the public will not be dragoone
17、d into supporting religion. There is the environment to consider, as well. That people exhale carbon dioxide in public places, thus contributing to global warming, is probably inevitable, and America“s politicians would be wise to permit it. But methane, too, is a greenhouse gas, and an odiferous on
18、e. Its emission in public places, where it can neither be avoided nor filtered, seems an imposition on both planetary hygiene and human comfort. Breakers of wind, surely, can be required to wait until they can answer their needs in private; and prosecuted when they fail. Fame, then, to Friendship He
19、ights. Other towns should take note. If they intend to fulfill their responsibilities to the health and welfare of citizens, to public order, and above all to the public streets and parks whose rights the authorities are sworn to uphold, then the way ahead is clear.（分数：10.00）(1).Alfred Muller“s word
20、s imply_.（分数：2.00）A.laws do a lot for public healthB.he can“t make laws about the tobaccoC.what he has done is benefiting the peopleD.the mayor“s approval is the important factor in making laws(2).Which of the following measures CANNOT be taken for good of public health?（分数：2.00）A.Smoking is banned
21、in public places.B.People are forbidden to eat fatty food on all public property.C.People are restricted in emitting carbon dioxide in public places.D.People are not permitted to read newspapers with shrieking headlines(3).The word “disgruntlement“(Line 1, Para. 2) means_.（分数：2.00）A.intoleranceB.sar
22、casmC.welcomeD.dissatisfaction(4).Which is NOT the people“s private thing?（分数：2.00）A.Reading newspaper.B.Playing in the street.C.Smoking.D.Sleeping at home.(5).Which one is TRUE about the author?（分数：2.00）A.He thinks the Friendship Height law is just a stunt.B.He is careless about the law.C.He thinks
23、 that although it is not bad to set up such laws. the law-makers must think about it practicallyD.He is optimistic about the law“s being carried.Over the years, as the musical “Rent“ has reached milestone after milestoneplaying around the world in more than 200 productions from Boise to Little Rock
24、to Reykjavikthe thousands of people who have been affected by this vibrant, gritty and compassionate work may well wonder what its creator, Jonathan Larson, would have thought of it all. Another milestone came on Monday night. The original Broadway production of “Rent“ opened at the Nederlander Thea
25、ter l0 years ago this Saturday. That production, directed by Michael Greif, was an almost-intact transfer of the initial production at the New York Theater Workshop, which had opened three months earlier. To celebrate the anniversary the original cast members reassembled, rehearsed for two days and
26、performed the show in a semi-staged version at the Nederlander on Monday. The event was a benefit for the New York Theater Workshop, for Friends in Deed (a support organization that gave comfort to several of Mr. Larson“s friends dealing with H.I.V. infections), and for the Jonathan Larson Performin
27、g Arts Foundation, which was set up by his family after the enormous success of “Rent“. Before the performance, the co-chairmen of the benefit told the star-studded audience that more than $2 million“ had been raised. Also addressing the crowd were Senator Charles E. Schumer and Mayor Michael R. Blo
28、omberg, who praised “Rent“ as a timeless work exemplifying “culture, community and creativity“, in the mayor“s words, and saluted the show“s vast contributions to New York“s theatrical life. Once again you could only think, “Would Jonathan ever have imagined all this?“ Mr. Larson, who wrote the musi
29、c, lyrics and books for his stage works, struggled for more than 10 years to get a producer to take a shot at one of his shows. Now he was being posthumously thanked for giving Broadway a creative and economic boost. “Rent“ is the seventh longest running show in Broadway history. I count myself amon
30、g those who were personally affected by Mr. Larson“s work. Because of the inadvertent role I played in the last hours of his life. In 1996 an editor at The Times tipped me off to the opening of a rock musical, inspired by. “La Boehme“, which transplanted Puccini“s struggling bohemians from Paris in
31、the 1830“s to the “East Village in 1990“s. So on Jan. 24 I went to the New York Theater Workshop m see the dress rehearsal of “Rent“, which was scheduled to open in February. That performance was pretty ragged, with technical glitches and a misbehaving sound system. But I was swept away by the sophi
32、stication and exuberance of Mr. Larson“s music and the mix of tenderness and cleverness in his lyrics. After the show Mr. Larson and I sat down for an interview in the tiny ticket booth of the theater, the only quiet space we could find amid the post-rehearsal confusion. For almost an hour, this sad
33、-eyed and boyish, creator talked about his approach to songwriting, his determination to bring the American musical tradition to the MTV generation, and about friends snuggling with H.I.V. infection who had inspired the show.（分数：10.00）(1).The fact that the original production was an almost-intact tr
34、ansfer of the initial production at the New York Theater Workshop implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.Rent was a classical workB.Michael Greif was a conservative directorC.Rent was conservativeD.people were nostalgic(2).Another milestone in the first paragraph refers to_.（分数：2.00）A.Rent has been played in more
35、 than 200 productionsB.thousands of people have been affected by “Rent“C.it has welcomed its 10-year anniversaryD.that production was a transfer of the initial production(3).The word “boost“(Para. 4) implies_.（分数：2.00）A.inspirationB.pushC.increaseD.help(4).Mr. Larson tried his best to make his music
36、al on show in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.make a profitB.raise fund for his friends straggling with H.LV. infectionC.make the world know himD.reform the American musical tradition(5).The best title for this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.Eternal Rent, Eternal SoulB.History of RentC.On the Anniversary of RentD.Bene
37、fit of Rent“I was a lover, before this war“. Those are the fast words sung on TV on the Radio“s “Return to Cookie Mountain“, one of the most widely praised albums of 2006. Whatever the line means within the band“s cryptic lyrics, it could also apply to the past year“s popular music. Thoughts of roma
38、nce, vice and comfort still dominated the charts and the airwaves. But amid the entertainment, songwritersincluding some aiming for the Top 10were also grappling with a war that wouldn“t go away. Pop“s political consciousness rises in every election year, and much as it became clear in November that
39、 voters are tired of war, music in 2006 also reflected battle fatigue. Beyond typical wartime attitudes of belligerence, protest and yearning for peace, in 2006 pop moved toward something different: a mood somewhere between resignation and a siege mentality. Songs that touched on the war in 2006 wer
40、e suffused with the mournful and resentful knowledge thats Nell Young titled the album he made and rush-released in the springwe are “Living With War“, and will be for some time. Awareness of the war throbs like a chronic headache behind more pleasant distractions. The cultural response to war in Ir
41、aq and the war on terrorismone protracted, the other possibly endlessdoesn“t have an exact historical parallel. Unlike World War , the current situation has brought little national unity; unlike the Vietnam era, ours has no appreciable domestic support for America“s opponents. Iraq may be mining int
42、o a quagmire and civil war like Vietnam, but the current war has not inspired talk of generation wide rebellion (,perhaps because there“s no draft m pit young against old) or any colorful, psychedelically defiant counterculture. The war songs of the 21st century have been sober and earnest, pragmati
43、c rather than fanciful. Immediate responses to 9/11 and to the invasion of Iraq arrived along familiar lines. There was anger and saber-rattling at first, particularly in country music: the Dixie Chicks“ career was upended in 2003 when Natalie Maines disparaged the president on the eve of the Iraq i
44、nvasion. There were folky protest songs about weapons and oil profiteering, like “The Price of Oil“ by Billy Bragg; in a 21st-century touch, there were denunciations of news media complicity from songwriters as varied as Merle Haggard, Nellie McKay and the punk-rock band Anti-Flag. Rappers, who were
45、 already slinging war metaphors for everything from rhyme battles to tales of drag-dealing crime soldiers, soon exploited the multitude of rhymes for Iraq. While some, like Eminem and OutKast, also bluntly attacked the president and the war. In 2006 songwriters who usually stick to love songs found
46、themselves paying attention to the war as well. “A new year, a new enemy/another soldier gone to war“, John Legend sings in “Coming Home“, the song that ends his 2006 album, “Once Again“. It“s a soldier“s letter home, wondering if his girlfriend still cares. “It seems the wars will never end, but we
47、“ll make it home again“, Mr. Legend croons, more wishful than confident.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the most popular songs of 2006 are about EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.entertainmentB.leisureC.loveD.war(2).The pop music about war in 2006 is different from the former ones in that_.（分数：2.00
48、）A.it searches for peaceB.it protest against the warC.it has a tendency of resignationD.it stresses the continuous presence of the war(3).The word “protracted“(Line 1, Para. 4)means_.（分数：2.00）A.endedB.prolongedC.protrudedD.terminated(4).The mood of the song “Coming Home“ is_.（分数：2.00）A.resentfulB.mournfulC.hatefulD.bitter(5).The best title of this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.The Political Consciousness of Pop SongsB.The Pop Album of 2006C.The New Tread of the 2006 PopD.The War Songs o
