1、考研英语-试卷 276 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_So what is depression? Depression is often more about anger turned (1)_ than it is ab
2、out sadness. But it“s usually (2)_ as sadness. Depression can (3)_ at all ages, from childhood to old age, and it“s the United States“ No. 1 (4)_ problem. When someone is depressed, her behavior (5)_ change and she loses interest in activities she (6)_ enjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The
3、sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and for two weeks or more. What (7)_ depression? A (8)_ event can certainly bring (9)_ depression, but some will say it happens (10)_ a specific cause. So how do you know if you“re just having a bad day (11)_ are really depressed? Depression affect
4、s your (12)_, moods, behavior and even your physical health. These changes often go (13)_ or are labeled (14)_ simply a bad case of the blues. Someone who“s truly (15)_ depression will have (16)_ periods of crying spells, feelings of (17)_ (like not being able to change your situation) and (18)_ (ti
5、ke you“ll feel this way forever), irritation or agitation. A depressed person often (19)_ from others, Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatest (20)_ of depression is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isn“t treated.（分数：40.00）A.onB.downC.inwardD.upA.depictedB.rep
6、ortedC.prohibitedD.expressedA.happenB.conveyC.fadeD.deteriorateA.socialB.academicC.literaryD.healthA.patternsB.linksC.intuitionD.conscientiousnessA.mostlyB.onceC.fairlyD.desperatelyA.curesB.checksC.triggersD.logsA.solemnB.sarcasticC.slenderD.stressfulA.onB.aroundC.upD.underA.viaB.withoutC.withoutD.o
7、ut ofA.orB.butC.andD.whileA.monopolyB.motionC.thoughtsD.associationA.underestimatedB.unsettledC.unexpectedD.unrecognizedA.byB.asC.inD.forA.battlingB.substitutingC.reproachingD.menacingA.justifiedB.extendedC.identifiedD.matchedA.selfishnessB.helplessnessC.strategyD.emotionA.vibrationB.vicinityC.reser
8、vationD.hopelessnessA.withdrawsB.overwhelmsC.invadesD.exploitsA.fabricB.patentC.dangerD.passion二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._In 1929 John D. R
9、ockefeller decided it was time to sell shares when even a shoe-shine boy offered him a share tip. During the past week The Economist“s economics editor has been advised by a taxi driver, a plumber and a hairdresser that “you can“t go wrong“ investing in housingthe more you own the better. Is this a
10、sign that it is time to get out? At the very least, as house prices around the world climb to ever loftier heights, and more and more people jump on to the buy-to-let ladder, it is time to expose some of the fallacies regularly trotted out by so many self-appointed housing experts. One common error
11、is that house prices must continue to rise because of a limited supply of land. For instance, it is argued that “house prices will always rise in London because lots of people want to live here“. But this confuses the level of prices with their rate of change. Home prices are bound to be higher in b
12、ig cities because of land scarcity, but this does not guarantee that urban house prices will keep rising indefinitely-just look at Tokyo“s huge price-drops since 1990. And, though it is true that a fixed supply of homes may push up house prices if the population is rising, this would imply a steady
13、rise in prices, not the 20% annual jumps of recent years. A second flawed argument is that low interest rates make buying a home cheaper, and so push up demand and prices. Lower interest rates may have allowed some people, who otherwise could not have afforded a mortgage, to buy a home. But many bor
14、rowers who think mortgages are cheaper are suffering from money illusion. Interest rates are not very low in real, inflation-adjusted terms. Initial interest payments may seem low in relation to income, but because inflation is also low it will not erode the real burden of debt as swiftly as it once
15、 did. So in later years mortgage payments will be much larger in real terms. To argue that low nominal interest rates make buying a home cheaper is like arguing that a car loan paid off over four years is cheaper than one repaid over two years. Fallacy number three is a favourite claim of Alan Green
16、span, chairman of America“s Federal Reserve. This is that price bubbles are less likely in housing than in the stockmarket because higher transaction costs discourage speculation. In fact, several studies have shown that both in theory and in practice bubbles are more likely in housing than in share
17、s. A study by the IMF finds that a sharp rise in house prices is far more likely to be followed by a bust than is a share-price boom.（分数：10.00）(1).The term “fallacies“ (Line 6, Paragraph 1) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.ridiculous strategiesB.obsolete methodologiesC.mistaken beliefsD.far-fetched
18、assertions(2).What is the relationship between the opening paragraph and the rest of the text?（分数：2.00）A.The deadly sins are singled out in the first paragraph and then denied by the author of the text.B.A generalization is made in the opening paragraph and elaborated in the following paragraphs.C.T
19、he unusual anecdotes are quoted in the first paragraph and then articulated in the following paragraphs.D.A generalization is advanced in the opening paragraph and refuted in the following paragraphs.(3).The author of the text makes a comparison in _.（分数：2.00）A.Paragraph 4B.concluding paragraphC.Par
20、agraph 2D.opening paragraph(4).The views of Alan Greenspan and the author of the text on price bubbles are _.（分数：2.00）A.complementaryB.identicalC.oppositeD.similar(5).To which of the following is author likely to agree?（分数：2.00）A.It is time to illustrate some popular fallacies about buying a home.B.
21、Some popular flawed arguments about buying a home should be made known to the public for the time being.C.People should be punctual in business dealings of shares and housing.D.Alan Greenspan“s claim can hold water with respect to fallacy member three.Many countries have a tradition of inviting fore
22、igners to rule them. The English called in William of Orange in 1688, and, depending on your interpretation of history, William of Normandy in 1066. Both did rather a good job. Returning the compliment, Albania asked a well-bred Englishman called Aubgrey Herbert to be their king in the 1920s. He ref
23、used-and they ended up with several coves called Zog. America, the country of immigrants, has no truck with imported foreign talent. Article two of the constitution says that “no person except a natural-born citizen shall be eligible to the office of the president“. This is now being challenged by a
24、 particularly irresistible immigrant: Arnold Schwarzenegger. Barely a year has passed since the erstwhile cyborg swept to victory in California“s recall election, yet there is already an Amend-for-Arnold campaign collecting signatures to let the Austrian-born governor have a go at the White House. G
25、eorge Bush senior has weighed in on his behalf. There are several “Arnold amendments“ in Congress. one allows foreigners who have been naturalized citizens for 20 years to become president. (The Austrian became American in 1983). It is easy to dismiss the hoopla as another regrettable example of loo
26、py celebrity politics. Mr. Schwarzenegger has made a decent start as governor, but he has done little, as yet, to change the structure of his dysfunctional state. Indeed, even if the law were changed, he could well be elbowed aside by another incomer, this time from Canada. the Democratic governor o
27、f Michigan, Jennifer Granholm, who appears to have fewer skeletons in her closet than the hedonistic actor. Moreover, changing the American constitution is no doddle. It has happened only 17 times since 1791 (when the first ten amendments were codified as the bill of rights). To change the constitut
28、ion, an amendment has to be approved by two-thirds of both houses of Congress, and then to be ratified by three-quarters of the 50 states. The Arnold amendment is hardly in the same category as abolishing slavery or giving women the vote. And, as some wags point out, Austrian imports have a pretty d
29、odgy record of running military superpowers.（分数：10.00）(1).The author of the text makes a contrast in _.（分数：2.00）A.Paragraph and Paragraph B.the opening paragraphC.Paragraph t and Paragraph D.the concluding paragraph(2).The phrase “has no truck with“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means _.（分数：2.
30、00）A.lacks means of transportation forB.never discriminateC.have no vehicle toD.refuses to consider(3).Compared with Jennifer Granholm, Mr. Schwarzenegger is at disadvantage due to _.（分数：2.00）A.more embarrassing secretsB.previous actor backgroundC.excessive garment decorationD.less slender figure(4)
31、.The word “cyborg“ (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.Aubgrey HerbertB.George Bush seniorC.William of OrangeD.Arnold Schwarzenegger(5).It can be inferred from the concluding paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the American constitution is changeable and falls into a vicious cycleB.th
32、ere is a faint chance that legal adjustments are made for Arnold runningC.abolishing slavery and granting women the vote given an impetus to Arnold runningD.both houses of Congress hold whether he deserves to win is another matterA pair of dice, rolled again and again, will eventually produce two si
33、xes. Similarly, the virus that causes influenza is constantly changing at random and, one day, will mutate in a way that will enable it to infect billions of people, and to kill millions. Many experts now believe a global outbreak of pandemic flu is overdue, and that the next one could be as bad as
34、the one in 1918, which killed somewhere between 25m and 50m people. Today however, advances in medicine offer real hope that another such outbreak can be containedif governments start preparing now. New research published this week suggests that a relatively small stockpile of an antiviral drugas li
35、ttle as 3m dosescould be enough to limit sharply a flu pandemic if the drugs were deployed quickly to people in the area surrounding the initial outbreak. The drug“s manufacturer, Roche, is talking to the World Health Organisation about donating such a stockpile. This is good news. But much more nee
36、ds to be done, especially with a nasty strain of avian flu spreading in Asia which could mutate into a threat to humans. Since the SARS outbreak in 2003 a few countries have developed plans in preparation for similar episodes. But progress has been shamefully patchy, and there is still far too littl
37、e international coordination. A global stockpile of drugs alone would not be much use without an adequate system of surveillance to identify early cases and a way of delivering treatment quickly, If an outbreak occurred in a border region, for example, a swift response would most likely depend on pr
38、ior agreements between different countries about quarantine and containment. Reaching such agreements is rarely easy, but that makes the task all the more urgent, Rich countries tend to be better prepared than poor ones, but this should be no consolation to them. Flu does not respect borders. It is
39、in everyone“s interest to make sure that developing countries, especially in Asia, are also well prepared. Many may bridle at interference from outside. But if richer nations were willing to donate anti-viral drugs and guarantee a supply of any vaccine that becomes available, poorer nations might be
40、 willing to reach agreements over surveillance and preparedness. Simply sorting out a few details now will have lives (and recriminations) later. Will there be enough ventilators, makes and drugs? Where will people be treated if the hospitals overflow? Will food be delivered as normal? Too many coun
41、tries have no answers to these questions.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “contained“ (Line 6, Paragraph 1) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.checkedB.duplicatedC.includedD.forecast(2).According to the text, it is upsetting that _.（分数：2.00）A.the flu-catching is more pervasive the world overB.the cause of initi
42、al outbreak has not been identifiedC.global co-ordination is yet to well developD.people still have no answers concerning surveillance and containment(3).The speed of remedy dispatch is of importance to _.（分数：2.00）A.the recovery of the infected patientB.the treatment of the ailing suffererC.the prev
43、ention of a flu pandemicD.the efficiency of large supply of drugs(4).According to the text, which of the followings is not readily made _.（分数：2.00）A.publications of new research with respect to the supply of the interference from outsideB.construction of an adequate system of surveillance of early i
44、nfluenza casesC.availability of anti-viral drugs and any vaccine in underdeveloped nationsD.contracts between various nations concerning quarantine and containment(5).The best title for the text would be _.（分数：2.00）A.The World Must Prepare for Pandemic InfluenzaB.Similar Episodes of Initial Outbreak
45、 Are Always Evasive to LaymenC.The Government Should Take Lead in the Prevention of Pandemic InfluenzaD.The World Health Organization Must Authorize the Relevant Rescue System as Is Discussed in the Text.Companies have embarked on what looks like the beginnings of a re-run of the mergers and acquisi
46、tions (M too often, making time for our friends comes last on the list of priorities. And yet, ironically, we need our friends as much as ever in adulthood. A friendship network is absolutely crucial for our well-being as adults. We have to do the hard work of building and sustaining the network. He
47、re are some important ways for accomplishing this. Let go of your less central friendships. Many of our friendships were never meant to last a lifetime. It“s natural that some friendships have time limits. Furthermore, now everyone has a busy social calendar, so pull back from some people that you d
48、on“t really want to draw close to and give the most promising friendship a fair chance to grow. (41) Be willing to “drop everything“ when you“re truly needed. You may get a call from a friend who is really depressed over a certain problem when you are just sitting down to enjoy a romantic dinner with your husband. This is just one of those instances when a friend“s needs mattered more. (42) Take advantage of the mails. Nearly all of us have pals living far awayfriends we mis
