1、考研英语-试卷 266及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_A month ago, the British government announced a plan to keep terrorist suspects indefi
2、nitely under house arrest (1)_ the home secretary“s say-so, It has been attacked from all sides ever since. This week the government backtracked. Under the Prevention of Terrorism bill, (2)_ to Parliament this week, house arrest would (3)_ a potential (4)_ in the government“s ever-expanding anti-ter
3、rorist arsenal, but the government would first have to (5)_ of Article 5 of the European Convention on Human Rights guaranteeing a right to liberty. Parliament would have to vote on that. The government could do this (6)_ the terrorist threat to Britain, already described by the government as “ (7)_
4、“, got even worse. Even then, the powers would remain (8)_ by political and judicial safeguards. Before the home secretary could make a house-arrest order, he would have to be satisfied on the (9)_ of probabilitiesno longer on the basis of “reasonable suspicionthat the suspect has been “involved in
5、a terrorism-related activity“. He would also have to be (10)_ that such an order was “strictly required“. The period of house-arrest will be limited to a maximum of six months, extendable through a new house-arrest order. Within seven days of its being imposed, the High Court would have to confirm t
6、hat the home secretary had “ (11)_ grounds“ for making such an order. Even if it were so satisfied, the case would go on to a full court (12)_. The bill also provides for a whole range of lesser restrictions including tagging, curfews, a ban on association with specified people, prohibitions on usin
7、g phones, restrictions on travel, and so on. (13)_ to meet the threat (14)_ by each suspect and limited to a renewable period of 12 months, these would not be subject to the same judicial scrutiny as house arrest. Nor would they require (15)_ from the European convention. But the new orders, includi
8、ng house arrest, would be used only where a suspected terrorist could not be prosecuted (16)_ because the evidence against him was not admissible in court, or because it might (17)_ intelligence sources or (18)_ techniques. Charles Clarke insists that he would prefer to prosecute. (19)_ the home sec
9、retary is considering further anti-terrorist legislation, including making it (20)_ to be involved in the preparation or commission of terrorist acts.（分数：40.00）A.onB.byC.atD.forA.takenB.introducedC.mentionedD.pat outA.stayB.leaveC.remainD.keepA.wayB.toolC.armsD.mannerA.opt forB.opt outC.be apt toD.a
10、doptA.if onlyB.only ifC.only thatD.only notA.unpracticedB.unpredictableC.unpreparedD.unprecedentedA.supportedB.hedgedC.backedD.assistedA.levelB.equalityC.balanceD.mightA.metB.fulfilledC.satisfiedD.gratifiedA.sensibleB.rationalC.logicalD.reasonableA.listeningB.hearingC.inquiringD.witnessA.TailoredB.C
11、utC.RepairedD.MatchedA.putB.posedC.forcedD.madeA.defianceB.degenerationC.derogationD.delayA.orB.eitherC.neitherD.norA.revel inB.revengeC.reverseD.revealA.surveyB.surveillanceC.survivalD.surrenderA.It“s whyB.That“s whyC.It“s howD.That“s howA.a crimeB.an evilC.a threatD.a violation二、Reading Comprehens
12、io(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._As summer approaches, there is good news and bad in our latest Insider Advantage poll. With terrorism in the back of our minds and a
13、 terrible economy in the front of it, only 17% of American adults say they plan to travel less this summer than in the past, 24% say they will travel more and the rest say nothing has changed this vacation season from past ones. That“s the good news but the poll portends some bad news, too, indicati
14、ng what might be a deep-seated problem in the United States today, harder to fathom than terrorist killers or empty wallets. The only age group that has more ambitious travel plans than ever is the 1829 age group showing a 44 % jump in vacation plans over last year. That“s hardly great news for the
15、travel and hospitality industry, which desperately need bigger spenders on the road. Beyond that, the wide disparity in travel plans among the younger and older says something about the just-out-of-college generation. Without impugning the work ethic of the many exceptions to the role, I think it“s
16、safe to say that anyone with experience with the younger end of the work force must have been taken aback by the unrealistic expectations of the young and the restless as they set out to make their fortunes. They all seem to expect a salary based on their personal needs, not on their company“s profe
17、ssional ones. They want not only luxuries but also plenty of time to enjoy them. Old people like me are all the same in our bitter grousing and of course there are loads of hard-working young doctors; lawyers, business-people and others who contribute to their own individual and our collective econo
18、mic well-being but there seems to be many more who don“t. The blame for their absurd sense of entitlement without personal sacrifice can most fairly be put on the shoulders of the generations that immediately precede them. This nation has changed its way of thinking about work and relaxation. What u
19、sed to be a day“s holiday has morphed into a long weekend that starts on Thursday and ends next Tuesday? I find it unsurprising that young adults plan to travel more than ever this year, in spite of the hard times. They look to be following the road of less productivity in America, a road first mapp
20、ed by their preceding elders, and now being paved by their offspring. It“s good to see young people venturing forth to see the world they live in, after all, youth is a fleeting thing but let“s just hope that when they finally return from their travels, they still have a job to pay for it.（分数：10.00）
21、(1).According to the author, there is a trend_.（分数：2.00）A.for people to travel more during hard timesB.for younger people to delay working by traveling firstC.for travelers to spend lessD.for younger travelers to be unrealistic as they travel(2).Which of the following does NOT account for young peop
22、le“ traveling more?（分数：2.00）A.The hard economic times.B.Their need for instant gratification.C.Expectations that they have a fight to pleasure.D.A lack of sacrifice.(3).The author“s main concern with young adults traveling more is_.（分数：2.00）A.the increase it will have over unemploymentB.a shortage o
23、f labor may ariseC.that they do not spend muchD.it demonstrates their lack of work ethic(4).The word “entitlement“ in the text (Para. 3) probably means_.（分数：2.00）A.ethicsB.arroganceC.privilegeD.philosophy(5).What scenario does the author wish for young people when arrive back from their travels?（分数：
24、2.00）A.A new appreciation for work.B.Work availability.C.A change in ethics.D.A new sense of purpose.The good news made headlines nationwide: Deaths from several kinds of cancer have declined significantly in recent years. But the news has to be bittersweet for many cancer patients and their familie
25、s. Every year, more than 500,000 people in the United States still die of cancer. In fact, more than half of all patients diagnosed with cancer will die of their disease within a few years. And while it“s true survival is longer today than in the past, the quality of life for these patients is often
26、 greatly diminished. Cancermany of the treatments used to fight itcauses pain, nausea, fatigue, and anxiety that routinely go undertreated or untreated. In the nation“s single-minded focus on curing cancer, we have inadvertently devalued the critical need for palliative care, which focuses on allevi
27、ating physical and psychological symptoms over the course of the disease. Nothing would have a greater impact on the daily lives of cancer patients and their families than good symptom control and supportive therapy. Yet the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the federal government“s leader in cancer
28、research and training, spent less than I percent of its 1999 budget on any aspect of research or training in palliative care. The nation needs to get serious about reducing needless suffering. NCI should commit to and fund research aimed at improving symptom control and palliative care. NCI also cou
29、ld designate “centers of excellence“ among the cancer centers it recognizes. To get that designation, centers would deliver innovative, top-quality palliative care to all segments of the populations the centers serve; train professionals in medicine, nursing, psychology, social work, and other disci
30、plines to provide palliative dare; and conduct research. Insurance coverage for palliative and hospice care also contributes to the problem by forcing people to choose between active treatment or hospice care. This “either/or“ approach does not readily allow these two types of essential care to be i
31、ntegrated. The Medicare hospice benefit is designed specifically for people in the final stages of illness and allows enrollment only if patients are expected to survive six months or less. The benefit excludes patients from seeking both palliative care and potentially life-extending treatment. That
32、 makes hospice enrollment an obvious deterrent for many patients. And hospices, which may have the most skilled practitioners and the most experience in administering palliative care, cannot offer their services to people who could really benefit but still are pursuing active treatment. It is innate
33、ly human to comfort and provide care to those suffering from cancer, particularly those close to death. Yet what seems self-evident at an individual, personal level has not guided policy at the level of institutions in this country. Death is inevitable, but severe suffering is not. To offer hope for
34、 a long life of the highest possible quality and to deliver the best quality cancer care from diagnosis to death, our public institutions need to move toward policies that value and promote palliative care.（分数：10.00）(1).Palliative care is concerned with improving patients“（分数：2.00）A.survival ratesB.
35、quality of lifeC.lifespans.D.options for health insurance providers(2).According to the author, research on palliative care for cancer_.（分数：2.00）A.is more important than research for cancer curesB.has been overlooked by researchersC.is virtually non-existentD.is regarded by researchers as a frivolou
36、s topic(3).The main problem of insurance coverage for hospice care and active treatment is that_.（分数：2.00）A.it does not allow patients to seek bothB.it only covers patients whose life expectancy is less than six monthsC.it deprives patients of the right to choose between two proven treatment methods
37、D.hospice care is only covered when it may extend a patient“s life expectancy(4).Hospices offer cancer patients_.（分数：2.00）A.an alternative to palliative careB.comfort in their early stages of illnessC.skilled and experienced palliative careD.an alternative to active treatment(5).This text is mainly
38、about_.（分数：2.00）A.improving cancer research in the U.S.B.reforming insurance coverage for cancer, patientsC.understanding different options for cancer treatment and careD.reducing the suffering of cancer patientsWhen the Federal Communications Commission proposed giving low-power radio stations lice
39、nses on the FM dial, they knew they“d get flak from big broadcasting. The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), after all, spends millions of dollars every year lobbying to keep everybody else off the radio spectrumeven locally managed, noncommercial stations that broadcast only within a four-
40、mile radius. Sure enough, when the FCC proposed its new regulations, the NAB began screaming about all the terrible things those tiny radio transmitters could do to the big ones, whose signals are 500 times as strong and whose reach is nearly 20 times as far. It was a pretty thin argument. So thin,
41、in fact, that for a while if appeared the proposed regulations might survive the lobbying onslaught. And then the FCC and its allies ran into a most unlikely opponent, one with the moral authority to do real damage to their cause: National Public Radio. One might easily assume that NPR would look ou
42、t for the public interest. After all, NPR was born from the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, which called for it to “encourage the development of programming that involves creative risks and that addresses the needs of unserved and underserved audiences“ while creating “programs of high quality, div
43、ersity, creativity, excellence, and innovation which are obtained from diverse sources.“ The charter, in other words, describes exactly the kind of programming low-power radio might provide, particularly in rural or heavily immigrant communities where locally oriented programming could be more usefu
44、l than nationally syndicated shows. But the well-meaning lefties at NPR didn“t see low-power radio as a potential ally or kindred spirit. They saw it just as the big broadcasters didas a threatand tried to squash it in much the same way. They may have succeeded. NPR“s lobbying supported a last-minut
45、e rider in December“s Senate appropriations bill (which eventually became law). This amendment severely handicaps the low-power radio initiative. Specifically, it limits the licensing of low-power radio to just nine test markets, enforcing restrictions that effectively keep it out of urban are as an
46、d other major markets. It also mandates testing to determine the economic impact on established broadcasters. And, though John McCain has vowed to continue the fight for low power, for now at least NPR has won the day. The primary motivation behind opening the airwaves to low-power radio was to undo
47、 the damage wrought by the Telecommunications Act of 1996. That law was supposed to increase competition on the airwaves. Instead, it consolidated control of radio stations in the hands of a few large, national companies that syndicate programs (or even whole broadcasts) to their affiliates, thus sq
48、ueezing out local programming. By allowing small, noncommercial stations, to break into the spectrum, the FCC hoped to reintroduce local material in places where it has all but vanished. In its application process, the FCC privileged local content and community involvementfor example, assigning spectrum space to stations in primarily Latino areas that broadcast family-planning information in Spanish. Part of the application asked aspiring broadcasters how their stations would serve their neighborhoods.（分
