1、考研英语-试卷 211 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_All Sumerian cities recognized a number of gods in common, including the sky god, the
2、 lord of storms, and the morning and evening star. (1)_ the Sumerian worshipped the goddess of fertility, love, and war, she was evidently lower (2)_ status than the male gods, indicating that in a more urbanized society the (3)_ that the peoples of previous times had paid to the earth mother goddes
3、s had (4)_. The gods seemed hopelessly violent and (5)_, and one“s life a period of slavery at their easy will. The epic poem The Creation emphasizes that (6)_ were created to enable the gods to (7)_ up working. Each city moreover had its own god, who was considered to (8)_ the temple literally and
4、who was in theory the owner of all property within the city. (9)_ the priests who interpreted the will of the god and controlled the (10)_ of the economic produce of the city were favored (11)_ their supernatural and material functions (12)_. When, after 3000 B.C., growing warfare among the cities m
5、ade military leadership (13)_, the head of the army who became king assumed a(n) (14)_ position between the god, whose agent he was, and the priestly class, whom he had both to use and to (15)_. Thus king and priests represented the upper class in a hierarchical society. (16)_ them were the scribes,
6、 the secular attendants of the temple, who (17)_ every aspect of the city“s economic life and who developed a rough judicial system. (18)_ the temple officials, society was divided among an elite or (19)_ group of large landowners and military leaders; a mixed group of merchants, artisans, and craft
7、smen, free peasants who (20)_ the majority of the population; and slaves.（分数：40.00）A.UnlessB.AsC.LestD.AlthoughA.onB.inC.withD.aboutA.worshipB.reverenceC.admirationD.gratitudeA.vanishedB.recoveredC.declinedD.attainedA.unpredictableB.unforgivableC.unlimitedD.unlikelyA.creaturesB.animalsC.menD.mortals
8、A.useB.turnC.giveD.hackA.inhabitB.liveC.resideD.lodgeA.HenceB.ThereafterC.SomehowD.IncidentallyA.introductionB.transactionC.distributionD.provisionA.asB.forC.underD.oFA.alongB.anywayC.afterwardsD.alikeA.additionalB.vitalC.singularD.exceptionalA.alternativeB.secondaryC.intermediateD.fundamentalA.paci
9、fyB.temptC.suppressD.manipulateA.BesideB.BeyondC.BelowD.BeforeA.supervisedB.heldC.managedD.presidedA.AroundB.UnderC.AboveD.OutsideA.leadingB.nobleC.controllingD.principalA.consistB.composeC.compileD.consume二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections:
10、Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._The Japanese government wants women like Taeko Mizuguchi to get married and start doing something about the nation“s plunging birthrate. But she“s not interested. At least, not if her prospective husband is
11、 Japanese. A growing number of Japanese women are giving up on their male counterparts, and taking a gamble that looking abroad for love will bring them the qualities in a partner that seem rare at home. “They treat you like equals, and they don“t hesitate to express mutual feelings of respectI thin
12、k Western men are more adept at such things than Japanese men“, says the 36-year-old Ms. Miznguchi, who works at a top trading firm. “They don“t act like women are maidsI think they view women as individuals“. Underscoring that Japanese women are losing hope with the local boys, dating agencies to h
13、elp snag a Western husband have sprung up in Tokyo, some with branches in the US and Europe. Such companies rigorously vet their clients, screening for education, family background, occupation, and life goals. The kind of women who sign up for such services include doctors, lawyers, and other profes
14、sionalswomen who have delayed marriage to concentrate on careers and who aren“t keen to give up hard won gains to become a housewife, as many Japanese men expect. A generation of women who are now entering their 30s don“t want to give up single life unless prospective partners are willing to break f
15、rom traditional gender roles. Government polls conducted to find out why women have put off marriage until well after 25 years of ageknown as a woman“s “best before date“show that economic independence is key to the change. As most Japanese women have their own income, marriage is no longer a financ
16、ial necessity and women want to find companionship in a husband. Having ruled out an old-fashioned Japanese husband, many women here think the solution is a Western man. Indeed, some seem so enthralled with the idea that they are willing to spend thousands of dollars to inspect the wares personally.
17、 To be fair, not all the blame for female angst here can be laid on Japanese men. The government has been slow to enforce equal opportunity laws, and both pay and the glass ceiling in most Japanese corporations remain low for women. Recession has hampered longer maternity leave and other family-frie
18、ndly policies. As Japan“s fertility rate drops to new lows, the government is anxiously drawing up plans to make it easier for young couples to raise children, through such measures as the provision of cheap public housing.（分数：10.00）(1).Taeko Mizuguchi represents the kind of women who are（分数：2.00）A.
19、unwilling to rear children.B.discontented with the traditional idea.C.eager to marry a western man for romance.D.enthusiastic only in career pursuing.(2).In Japanese women“s opinion, their male counterparts（分数：2.00）A.axe in lack of sentiments.B.do not treat them as women.C.are swayed by orthodox con
20、ceptions.D.don“t know how to express themselves.(3).By “glass ceiling.remain low for women“, the author intends to show that in most corporations（分数：2.00）A.more conveniences are provided for females.B.females have little chance for promotion.C.women work in poor office conditions.D.women are always
21、the victims of recession.(4).We can infer from the third paragraph that the dating agency（分数：2.00）A.is supported by government to help raise birthrate.B.serves only for certain circle of women.C.is the last hope for modern Japanese women.D.receives a warm welcome from western men.(5).The major facto
22、r that leads Japanese women to postpone their marriage is（分数：2.00）A.the influence of western values.B.the improvement of economic status.C.the lack of equal opportunity laws.D.the obsoleteness of “best before date“.Teachers grumble over pay everywhere, but in West Virginia Wesleyan College the anger
23、 is acute. Salaries here have barely moved since 2000, and the average assistant professor“s pay has fallen below that at Southern West Virginia Community and Technical College. On a campus with just 86 full-time faculty, a sociology professor said, a few hundred thousand dollars more spent on teach
24、ing could make a real difference. Wesleyan President William Haden says the college plans to raise faculty pay. But he says Wesleyan is nothing without students“they vote with their feet“and the college has no choice but to address their wants and needs. He says technology has been a big part of tha
25、t, and some recent graduates agree that it“s valuablethough maybe not essential. Daniel Simmons, a 1999 graduate and also a middle-school teacher, praised the technology program. “If I had gone to another school it wouldn“t have been available to me“, he said. “It was very convenient and it was top
26、of the line“. But as with the faculty, the quality of human instructors is a big concern among Wesleyan alumni. “A little bit more money should have been put into keeping people“, said Evan Keeling, a 2002 graduate now pursuing a doctorate at the University of Virginia. He found the quality in the c
27、lassroom uneven, and, notably, neither he nor the Daniel Simmons came to Wesleyan because of technology. The program was a bonus, not the primary draw. Skinner, the director of admission and financial planning, acknowledged that seems widely true. Prospective students pay more attention to more tang
28、ible signs of growth. “It did open some doors for us, but would I have liked to have had a new residence hall or recreational facility? I probably would have preferred that“, Skinner said. His daily struggle remains filling the freshman class, which may be down 50 people or more this year, due to ch
29、anges in government financial aid programs and the shuttering of the nursing program. The college still accepts about 80 percent of its applicants, and no longer requires online applications. Haden acknowledges that, with the benefit of hindsight, he might have handled details of how the program was
30、 financed differently. But he makes no apologies for taking bold steps which he says have indeed set Wesleyan apart. “We needed to make a statement about our commitment to technology and our belief that it would enhance the quality of education and the preparation of our students“, he said. “And I“m
31、 still believing that“.（分数：10.00）(1).Faculties in Wesleyan have lower salaries mainly because the college（分数：2.00）A.invests too much in the technology program.B.spends a great deal in achieving tangible growth.C.fails to attract enough students to fill its classrooms.D.cannot get enough government f
32、inancial aid.(2).By “they vote with their feet“ (Paragraph 2), the author means that the students（分数：2.00）A.vote in their president on their own part.B.play-a decisive role in electing their president.C.may not enroll in Wesleyan for the discontent with the college.D.may refuse to pay the tuition fo
33、r their unmeetable demands.(3).The quotation of Skinner“s words(Lines 78, Paragraph 3) is used to show that（分数：2.00）A.Wesleyan needs to improve its aging school facilities.B.the technology program is not so attractive to the students.C.foresighted students concern more about obvious growth.D.Skinner
34、 prefers to excellent facilities in Wesleyan.(4).According to the passage, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.It is the teachers“ needs rather than the students“ that really count in Wesleyan.B.The technology program provides scholarship for high ability freshmen.C.The cancel of the nursing p
35、rogram hinders Wesleyan from recruiting students.D.Online applications are still required if students want to enter Wesleyan.(5).What is Haden“s attitude towards the technology program?（分数：2.00）A.Confident.B.Proud.C.Regretful.D.Doubtful.Search engine Google was aiming to float on Wall Street this we
36、ek, valued at up to $36 billion. But the Internet company“s advisers are meeting this weekend to discuss possibly delaying the public listing after a sharp fall in share prices in New York on Friday. An insider said last night:“ “The float is teetering on the brinkit really is 50/50 at this stage, a
37、lthough many of us are optimistic“. The initial public offering (IPO) of shares in Google, which could raise nearly $4bn, will amount to one of the biggest IPOs for years. But many US firms have shelved their IPOs amid volatile market conditions and investors appear unwilling to subscribe to new equ
38、ity. A Wall Street analyst said that the Google IPO “would be a seminal event for the American stock market“ as its real significance was that it would test whether or not the recovery in equity prices since the end of the Iraq war had taken hold. “If this float works, a lot of other companies will
39、be encouraged and come to the market later in the year“, the insider added. “But it will be bad news if the IPO is pulled or the shares fall sharply after the company is listed. If that happens, it could kill off the IPO market in America and elsewhere for at least 12 months“. Several fund managers
40、have already expressed reservations about Google, in particular its high valuation and the complex way the shares are being sold. Moreover, the Google flotation is taking place at a time when technology companies in the US have been shunned. On Thursday, the IPO hit a technical hitch over the failur
41、e of the company to meet its legal obligations concerning its employees“ stock option plans. But the company did not think that the disclosure would mean a delay to the IPO, which is due on Tuesday. At the top of the suggested price range, Google would be valued not far short of its rival Internet f
42、irm Yahoo!and this has raised eyebrows within the industry. The auction is being conducted over the Internet, and potential buyers will have to register by signing on to a Google website. But only investors who have brokerage accounts with one of the 28 US banks and brokers underwriting the stock sa
43、le, will be able to apply. Google suffered a setback last month after it re-ported an unexpected slowdown in its huge growth rate. But sources close to Google“s founders, Larry Page and Sergey Brin, said that the tailing-off of growth was due to seasonal factors and would not affect the IPO.（分数：10.0
44、0）(1).According to paragraph 1, the insider“s attitude towards Google IPO can be said to be（分数：2.00）A.doubtful.B.confused.C.pessimistic.D.confident.(2).If Giggle IPO works,（分数：2.00）A.a recovery in equity prices will end.B.the IPO market will be propelled by it.C.many U.S. firms will purchase new equ
45、ity.D.a sustained economic growth will take place.(3).According to the passage, Google“s IPO is to share market recovery as（分数：2.00）A.physical examination is to health conditions.B.GDP is to economic development.C.diligence is to remarkable success.D.civilization is to social prosperity.(4).The fund
46、 managers had doubts about Google because of the following reasons EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.its high share valuation.B.the unfavorable timing.C.its method of share selling.D.the comedown of its growth rate.(5).By the phrase “raised eyebrows within the industry“ (Paragraph 2), we “can learn that Google has（分
47、数：2.00）A.irritated its rivals.B.surprised its counterpartsC.been praised by its counterparts.D.been resented by its rivals.The entertainment industry and technology companies have been warring for years over the dazzling ability of computers and the Internet to copy and transmit music and movies. A
48、crucial battle ended this week with a ruling by America“s Supreme Court in favour of copyright holder and against two companies that distribute peer-to-peer (P2P) software, which lets users share files online with others. The court“s decision, though ostensibly a victory for content providers, is nevertheless unlikely to stamp out file sharingmuch of which will continue from outside Americaor stop the technological innovation that is threatening the current business models of media firms. The court was asked to decide whether two firm
