1、考研英语-试卷 137 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Music comes in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. (1)_ the mm of t
2、he century when jazz was born, America had no prominent (2)_ of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was (3)_, or by whom. But it began to be (4)_ in the early 1890s. Jazz is America“s contribution to (5)_ music. In contrast to classical music, which (6)_ formal European traditions, jazz is spont
3、aneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy, (7)_ the moods, interests, and emotions of the people: In the 1920s jazz (8)_ like America. And (9)_ it does today. The (10)_ of this music are as interesting as the music (11)_. American Negroes, or blacks, as they are called today, were the jazz (12)_.
4、They were brought to the Southern states (13)_ slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long (14)_ When a Negro died his friends and relatives (15)_ a procession to carry the body to the cemetery. In New Orleans, a band, often accompanied the (16)_ On the way to the cemetery th
5、e band played slow, solemn music suited to the occasion. (17)_ on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their (18)_, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played (19)_ music, improvising on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes (20)_ at the funeral.
6、This music made everyone want to dance. It was an early form of jazz.（分数：40.00）A.AtB.InC.ByD.OnA.musicB.songC.melodyD.styleA.discoveredB.actedC.designedD.inventedA.noticedB.foundC.listenedD.heardA.classicalB.sacredC.lightD.popularA.formsB.followsC.approachesD.introducesA.expressingB.explainingC.expo
7、singD.illustratingA.appearedB.feltC.soundedD.seemedA.soB.asC.eitherD.neitherA.originalsB.originsC.discoveriesD.resourcesA.concernedB.itselfC.availableD.oneselfA.playersB.followersC.pioneersD.fansA.forB.byC.withD.asA.monthsB.weeksC.hoursD.timesA.demonstratedB.composedC.formedD.hostedA.demonstrationB.
8、processionC.bodyD.muchA.EvenB.ThereforeC.ButD.FurthermoreA.numberB.membersC.bodyD.relationsA.sadB.solemnC.funeralD.happyA.whistledB.sungC.showedD.presented二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions
9、 below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid. The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes comin
10、g up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone“s experience in the organization. Consider the novel view of “Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subject of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a con
11、sultant to the likes of AT their farmers were more free from lordship and even from landlordship. Some regions had been recently settled, and their tenants had been offered liberal terms of tenure in order to lure them into the wilderness. Finally, there was a time element; the expansion and prosper
12、ity that characterized the period from the twelfth to the fifteenth century produced or maintained conditions which were unsuitable to the stormier days preceding or the lean ones following it.（分数：10.00）(1).By 1350, when compared with three hundred years earlier, Europeans had, according to the pass
13、age,_（分数：2.00）A.made several geographical discoveriesB.cut down more trees and expanded the fanningC.made their territory “largerD.dug more canals to water the land(2).Expansion in Europe between 1350 and 1450_（分数：2.00）A.was less than in the three hundred years up to 1350B.was considerableC.continue
14、d at roughly the same rate as beforeD.was more than that from 1000 to 1350(3).It is difficult to describe the countryside during the period under consideration, partly because the inhabitants_（分数：2.00）A.often did not fit the conformity of their societyB.sometimes changed their system of lifeC.move a
15、round too much for us to study properlyD.left no documents(4).The tenant of the large estates is to_（分数：2.00）A.leave their land and settle in the townB.treat their tenants badlyC.write down information about their landsD.work on the land by themselves(5).Some landlords made agreements comparatively
16、favourable to farmers in that they wanted to _（分数：2.00）A.pay more rentB.farm new landC.be feudalizedD.work harder“There is a senseless notion that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth is far from that,“ says sociologist Lary Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, u
17、nexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. “There is a major shift in the middle class,“ declares sociologist Allasn Schnaiberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back in after an absence of eight months. Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the n
18、est. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-f
19、rom-home college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even after graduation, young people find their wings clipped by skyrocketing housing costs. Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. His m
20、other agreed, “It“s ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.“ But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But
21、 for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three timesand left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,“ she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away or meet them at friends“ houses.“ Just how
22、 long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.“ And aging parents, who should be enjoying, some financi
23、al and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text, there was once a trend in the U.S._（分数：2.00）A.for middle class young adults to stay with their parentsB.for young adults to leave th
24、eir parents and live independentlyC.for married young adults to move back home after a lengthy absenceD.for young adults to get jobs nearby in order to live with their parents(2).Which of the following is not the reason for young adults returning to the nest?_（分数：2.00）A.Young adults find housing cos
25、ts too highB.Quite a number of young adults attend local schoolsC.Young adults seek parental comfort and moral supportD.Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immature(3).One of the disadvantages of young adults returning to stay with their parents is that_（分数：2.00）A.the young adults te
26、nd to be overprotected by their parentsB.most parents find it difficult to keep a bigger family goingC.there will inevitably be inconveniences in everyday lifeD.public opinion is against young adults staying with their parents(4).According to the text what is the best for both parents and children?_
27、（分数：2.00）A.They should adjust themselves to sharing the family expensesB.Children should leave their parents when they are grown upC.Adult children should visit their parents from time to timeD.Parents should support their adult children when they are in trouble(5).By saying that “And aging parents.
28、find themselves stuck with responsibilities“ (Para. 4), the author means that_（分数：2.00）A.Parents have some financial and personal freedomB.Children have not any financial and personal freed6mC.Parents have to continue supporting their childrenD.Children have responsibilities to support their parents
29、4.Part B_In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list (A、B、C、D、E、F、G) to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are several extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. (10 points) The acronym DINKdouble income, n
30、o kidsoriginated in the US in the 1960s. (41) 1. This choice was not irrational. After all, nowadays retired people can live on their pensions and savings, so they are no longer compelled to depend on their offspring in old age. And a child is undeniably an expensive proposition: so much time and mo
31、ney are required. Why bother having one? It is hard to condemn those who opt out of parenthood. (42) 2. A baby enters the world with a mind like blank paper, and gradually he or she acquires the ability to think, to talk and finally to communicate easily. Isn“t there something magical about it? When
32、 you see the process happening before your very eyes, you feel a happiness like no other. A Chinese DINK said to me recently, “If you didn“t have three children, you could go to a bar or the cinema with your wife on weekendshow unrestrained and romantic that would be!“ But I would say that no matter
33、 how wonderful Hollywood films or Broadway performances are, watching them is far less interesting than seeing my extrovert of a daughter sing and dance. If it“s true that there are rewards to be gotten from having children, then surely the happiness of seeing them grow up is the greatest. (43) 3. B
34、ut this is a happiness that can be felt only after you become a parent; there“s no appreciating it otherwise. However, who begets a child out of curiosity to see him or her grow up? None of my friends had this in mind when they or their wife got pregnant. For some the pregnancy was unexpected. (44)
35、4. And some said that having a child can bring stability to a troubled marriagebut is that really true? I myself didn“t give it much thought. I just assumed it was the natural thing to do, and since my wife enjoyed big, cheerful, lively families, we went ahead and had three kids. No regrets. I know
36、my words won“t change any minds. (45) 5. No, raising a child is not easy. The happiness of seeing a child grow, in contrast, is largely in the mind of the parents, and other people cannot so readily perceive it. Little wonder, then, that so many people without children believe parenthood is all work
37、 and no fun.A. What DINKs say is obviously true: children really do require lots of parental energy and money. Just watch a mother bring a sick child to a hospital; you can see the tension, the worry, and all the self-control it takes to seem calm and reassuring.B. Another Chinese friend of mine com
38、plained: “I provided the funds for my child to go to college and then off to America for a masters degree, but so far I havent gotten any rewards out of playing parent.“ To him I would say that the rewards were there all alongfor any parent open to the wonder of seeing a child begin to speak, or sur
39、prise us with a new word used for the first time.C. Fearing that children might constrain their freedom, married working women began to avoid pregnancy; the result was many busy, prosperous young DINK couples.D. Each individual has his or her own reasons for wanting or not wanting children, and his
40、or her own happiness to build. The saddest people are those who have children but come to regret it, for whatever reason. Regretful parents are usually closed to family happiness. And without the happiness, all that remain are the burdens.E. Yet few couples with children would agree that they were s
41、tupid to become parents. Most are very happy that they have had the experience of witnessing a child grow to maturity.F. My wife and I have three small children. Chinese friends often ask why three children, not one or none: Doesn“t raising three children limit my career in business and in my wife“s
42、 case, teaching?G. Others had parents eager to have grandchildren. A few said they had children because a person“s life would be incomplete without one. Some said that there were millions and millions of children in the world and they just wanted to see what theirs would be like.（分数：8.00）填空项 1:_填空项
43、1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_5.Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese._A “LOST TRIBE“ that reached America from Australia may have been. the first Native Americans, according to a new theory. (46) If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will sha
44、tter long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it. On this theory rests the authority of Native Americans (previously known as Red Indians) to have been the first true Americans. They would be relegated
45、to the ranks of also-rans, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals in boats. To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity, Silvia Gonzales of Liverpool John Moores University said. Her claims are based on skeletons found in the
46、 Baja California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Rim. (47) The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anth
47、ropology in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. “We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups,“ Dr. Gonzales said. “The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution.“ (48) But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and Briti
