1、考研英语-98 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BDirections:/BRead the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark they consider a slew of factors before making their pick. Already, Britain is starting to suffer as it finds itself in a fierce three-wa
2、y contest for market share.On the one hand, U.S. colleges are recovering fast in overseas recruitment. On the other, a batch of commonwealth countries is coming on strong and eating into Britains market share. Consider Singapore, which four years ago set out to lure branches of foreign colleges. The
3、 number of overseas students there has since climbed 46 percent. And in the first three years of the decade, the number of foreign students in New Zealand almost quadrupled. Then theres Australia. Foreigners now make up about a quarter of its entire student body. Australia shows that the secret to s
4、uccess often has as much to do with government policy as with academic philosophy. Lavish grants can offset the Brits and the Americans edge in prestige. Foreign students at state-run schools in Singapore now get an 80 percent discount. An engineering degree that costs about $30,000 a year at Harvar
5、d runs just $2,000 at the University of Malaya, thanks to heavy subsidies.The biggest factor today seems to be the prospect of employment. A degree from an Australian university now puts graduates on the fast track to permanent residency. And London offers an automatic 12-month work permit to most o
6、verseas recruits. But Britain cant do anything about its location. Why go all the way to the United Kingdom - or to the United States - when theres now a good English- language college just a few hours flight from Shanghai or Mumbai? But few countries can match Australias main selling point. Its sun
7、ny outdoors image works strongly to its advantage among international students. Yet no country can afford to throw in the towel. Cuts in government spending have forced colleges to look elsewhere for money. Overseas recruits have thus become an increasingly critical source of cash: in Britain the av
8、erage university now looks to foreign students to provide at least 10 percent of its income.Other trends could soon make things even more desperate. Today China is one of the biggest sources of traveling students. But for how much longer? The country is now busy developing its own elite institution
9、and ordinary colleges. If this trend continues, the developed world is going to lose its largest client. The scramble for business in the Anglo world is already ferocious(激烈的), while the market is expanding. Just wait till it starts to contract.（分数：10.00）(1).We can infer from the text that students
10、can receive Anglophone education in _（分数：2.00）A.France.B.Canada.C.Cambodia.D.India.(2).Which of the following is true of the text?（分数：2.00）A.Singapore now has 46% of its students from abroad after attracting foreign college branches.B.At the beginning of this decade, overseas students in New Zealand
11、 are 4 times as many as before.C.Foreign students at state-run schools in Australia now get an 80% discount.D.An engineering degree costs more than 10 times in America than in Singapore.(3).According to the text, “no country can afford to throw in the towel“ probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.No country ca
12、n admit to be defeated by Australia.B.No country has the resources to beat Australia.C.No country can imitate Australias outdoor image.D.No country has the same advantages with Australia.(4).Britain is happy to give the students what they want mainly because _.（分数：2.00）A.They consider foreign studen
13、ts as a major source of money.B.They are facing fierce competitions from many other countries.C.Students consider many factors when choosing an international university.D.British universities are gradually losing its once-proud prestige.(5).According to the last paragraph, which of the statement is
14、true?（分数：2.00）A.China will one day be a strong rival for Britain in the foreign student market.B.Chinas own development of elite institutions and colleges is a blessing for Britain.C.Britain and U.S. will lose their largest client as Chinas higher education develops.D.Overseas students in China form
15、 a major part of international students.BText 2/BThe view from the top of the luxurious Morgan Centre down onto Beijings Olympic Green is breath-taking, There, far below, lies the stunning“ bird nest“ Olympic Stadium. Right next to it is the equally mesmerizing National Aquatics Center, known as the
16、 Water Cube. The Aquatics Center poses one critical question: where will all the water to fill this bold but massive architectural masterpiece“ and to supply the Games“ come from?One can drive a hundred miles in any direction from Beijing and never cross a healthy river. Heading north to Shanxi prov
17、ince, one passes river after river that has dried up. And in 80 percent of those Shanxi rivers that ale still flowing, water quality is“ unfit for human contact“ or for agricultural or industrial use. As you drive south across Hebei and Henan provinces, the situation is no better. Reaching the famed
18、 Marco Polo Bridge over the Yongding River, we crossed our first parched(干裂的) riverbed. From there to the Yellow River, we traversed many legendary rivers that show as blue lines on the map; all of them are now almost bone dry. All that remains to memorialize these watercourses are highway bridges,
19、left behind like vestigial organs. The Yellow River itself, once known as“ Chinas Sorrow“ because of its natural tendency to flood, killing millions, has in Henan been reduced to a modest-size channel. At its lower reaches in Shandong, it is not uncommon for the river to cease flowing into the Bohai
20、 Sea altogether.What is the answer for the 250 million thirsty people who live on the North China Plain? Drought has forced farmers to turn to groundwater. But over extraction has caused water tables to fall by as much as 10 feet a year. Desperate officials have taken to making substantial investmen
21、ts in“ precipitation-inducement (引导水分凝结) technologies,“ or cloud seeding. Using aircraft, meteorological balloons and even rockets and artillery shells, theyve been attempting to shoot passing clouds full of rainmaking chemicals. The China Meteorological Administration reports that hundreds of aircr
22、aft and thousands of rockets and shells are used each year in the effort. Such campaigns have been only modestly successful and have created tensions between different localities, each claiming that clouds are being“ intercepted“ upwind by the other and their precious moisture stolen!Then there is t
23、he monumental South-North Water Transfer Project. But some environmentalists fear that shifting the increasingly polluted water of the Yangtze northward will also introduce a whole host of new toxic pollutants to the breadbasket of China.No one knows what the consequences of all these Promethean(独创的
24、) efforts will be. In the truly magnificent facilities being built for the Olympics, one can see a dear manifestation of this understandable urge to restore Chinese greatness. The question is whether Chinas limited natural-resource base can sustain the magnitude of such an ambition. With water, the
25、country is confronting the edge of one very inflexible environmental envelope. Beijings glorious Water Cube is a symbol both of Chinas remarkable accomplishments, and its all-too-pressing limits.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying“ One can drive a hundred miles in any direction from Beijing and never cross a he
26、althy river“ (Line 1, Paragraph 2), the author implies that _.（分数：2.00）A.for quite a large area surrounding Beijing, there is no healthy river in any direction from it.B.Beijing lacks of water supply as most rivers in nearby provinces are either dried or polluted.C.to find a healthy river near Beiji
27、ng, one needs to drive beyond a hundred miles from it.D.within a hundred miles of Beijing, all the rivers are polluted by the wastes from the capital.(2).The phrase“ vestigial organs“ (Line 8, Paragraph 2) refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.traffic infrastructures.B.highway bridges.C.the dried legendary rivers.
28、D.the Yellow River.(3).According to the text, the best way to relieve the drought of the northern area is _.（分数：2.00）A.to transfer water from south to north.B.to build a water cube in Beijing.C.to pump underground water.D.to develop rainmaking technology.(4).We can infer from the last paragraph that
29、 _（分数：2.00）A.the author wants to discuss the possible consequences of the great projects.B.Beijings glorious Water Cube symbolizes Chinas remarkable accomplishments.C.china is facing an environmental crisis when it carries out large constructions.D.chinas environment is not sound enough to sustain t
30、hese great projects.(5).Which of the following is true according to the text?（分数：2.00）A.The Yellow River stops flowing in Henan and Shandong provinces.B.The use of precipitation4nducement technologies is a great success.C.Beijings glorious Water Cube will restore Chinas greatness.D.The South-North W
31、ater Transfer Project will encounter difficulties.BText 3/BIn a new list of the most powerful gay men and women in the country, out magazine has lots of household names at the top. But high among the rich and famous is Tim Gill. Huh? Who is he, and why is he ranked as the fourth most powerful gay pe
32、rson in the country?Gill is a 53-year-old snowboarder, retired computer programmer and multimillionaire. He made his fortune by founding Quark, the pioneering desktop publishing software company. After selling the firm, he started the Gill Foundation, which has invested $110 million nationwide in ga
33、y causes over the past decade. The Gill Action Fund threw $15 million into a dozen states during the 2006 midterm elections, targeting 70 politicians regarded as unhelpful to gay causes: 50 went down. And the fund is helping transform the political face of Colorado.In 2004, Gills money helped send D
34、emocrat Ken Salazar to the U.S. Senate. His dollars have also helped put Democrats in control of the Colorado legislature for the fast time in four decades. That could have an impact on the fate of the Two Parent Adoption Bill, currently being considered by Colorado legislators, which would allow ga
35、y couples to adopt. The proposal was rejected twice before, but that was before the statehouse switched from red to blue. Now Colorado Democrats have passed the bill in the House and expect it to pass the Senate.Impatient with the lack of gay rights progress this past decade, Gill is pushing hard to
36、 end injustice and inequality by the end of the next decade. And recognizing that most anti-gay initiatives are born at the state level, Gill has developed a national political strategy based on successes in Colorado. Theyve taken an in-state model and applied it to the entire country. Gill and his
37、people are incredibly strategic. They put their funding where they can take control of legislatures. Theyre putting them brilliantly in legislative environments where a few seats changing will change the entire control of a state.While Gill has recently opened a Washington office, his representative
38、s, in keeping with past strategy, insist that no individual political targets have yet been chosen for 2008. Another formidable element of Gills power is his network of deep-pocketed allies in the mountain states. An hour south of Laramie, in Ft. Collins, lives medical equipment heiress Pat Stryker,
39、 who is, along with Gill (Actually Stryker is a billionaire; her brother Jon is gay and both give generously to gay causes.) What he has are extremely wealthy individuals who arent personally interested in running for anything but have this tremendous passion. Tim Gill is actually changing the polit
40、ical landscape.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the new list published by out magazine, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.There are many big names at the top of the list.B.Tim Gill is the fourth most rich and famous on it.C.Most of the powerful persons listed are homoerotic.D.Gill is one of the mo
41、st powerful people in America.(2).According to the text, Gill manipulates the 2006 midterm elections to _.（分数：2.00）A.help Democrats seize the power.B.send his ally to the U.S. Senate.C.realize his individual political targets.D.remove dissidents from legislatures.(3).The underlined word“ initiative“
42、 (Line 2, Paragraph 4) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.right to introduce new legislation.B.proposal of legislation by citizens.C.an advantageous position.D.a particular designed legislation.(4).According to the text, Gill is so powerful in that _.（分数：2.00）A.he has insisted in not pursuing any indi
43、vidual political targets.B.he funds the pro-gay politicians to take control of the legislature.C.he has some extremely wealthy supporters in the mountain state.D.he is a man of strategy and is deploying his plan statewide.(5).From the text we can conclude that authors attitude toward Gill is _.（分数：2
44、.00）A.admiring.B.critical.C.neutral.D.favorable.BText 4/BRarely has there been as neat a fit between a books subject and its authors biography as in “Bound Together: How Traders, Preachers, Adventurers, and Warriors Shaped Globalization“ by Nayan Chanda. Its easy to see why the subject fascinates Ch
45、anda; hes a self-proclaimed Francophile(崇拜法国的人) of South Asian origin, who studied French in Calcutta, then took courses on China in Paris, ran a magazine in Hong Kong and ended up launching an online journal devoted to globalization at a venerable Ivy League institution. And in this engaging analys
46、is, he answers such intriguing questions as“ How did the coffee bean, first grown only in Ethiopia, end up in our coffee cups after a journey through Java and Colombia?“In examining these specific questions - and larger ones about how the world is interconnected m Chanda does not emphasize his own e
47、xperiences. But when appropriate, he effectively uses small, personal details to cut very big social, economic, cultural and sometimes biological processes down to size. He shows how close scrutiny of the iPod he gave his son as a birthday present can reveal much about the multinational origins of s
48、uch objects. It was officially touted as“ designed“ by an American company and “assembled in China“; he found that it actually contained component parts and software with ties to India, Japan, South Korea and Scotland. And he marvels at the speed with which it traveled from Shanghai to New haven via
49、 Alaska and Indiana, as well as at his ability to track its progress thanks to bar codes.The debate over globalization has grown so polarized that many readers are probably itching to know whether Chanda belongs in the“ pro“ or“ anti“ camp. One theme of “Bound Together“ is that thinking in these terms doesnt make sense. Those who gather at what are somewhat misleadingly called“ anti- globalization“ rallies, after all, dont oppose all the ways the world is shrinking.
