1、考研英语-971 及答案解析(总分：88.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Egyptian wine has an extensive history within the history of Egyptian civilization. Grapes were not (1) to the landscape of Egypt, rather the vines themselves are (2) to have been imported from the Phoenicians, (3) the actual ori
2、gins remain in (4) . What is known, is that (5) the third millennium BC, Egyptian kings of the first (6) had extensive wine cellars, and wine was used extensively in the temple ceremonies. The main (7) of wine in Egypt, took place between the king, nobles, and the priests in temple ceremonies, and i
3、s (8) by numerous painted reliefs, and other (9) evidence. The vineyards of ancient Egypt, were quite different from the modern methods of wine making today. (10) viticulture ( or wine making) ,ceased to (11) an exclusively ceremonial purpose, the Egyptians began to experiment with simple structures
4、 for their vines to train on, (12) found a way to train their vines so they were easy low (13) bushes, and found ways for the soil to (14) more moisture for the vines. Egyptian wine making experiments included Re use of different wine presses, adding heat to the must ( the grape juice ready for ferm
5、entation) (15) make the wine sweet, and differences in vat types and materials. The (16) finished product of wine, was poured through a cloth falter, and then into earthenware jars, (17) they would be sealed with natural tar and left to (18) . The Egyptians kept accurate records of their vintages, a
6、nd (19) of their wines, each jar of wine was clearly (20) with it s own vintage, and quality.（分数：10.00）(1).A. born B. native C. grown D. planted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A. proved B. believed C. hypothesized D. established（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A. though B. if C. as D. when（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A. dispute B
7、. debate C. discussion D. argument（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A. since B. after C. by D. to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A. generation B. dynasty C. sovereignty D. empire（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A. cost B. expense C. exhaustion D. consumption（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A. implied B. demonstrated C. evidenced D. aided（分数：0.50）
8、A.B.C.D.(9).A. archeological B. architectural C. artistic D. anthropological（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A. As B. For C. After D. Since（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A. act B. serve C. work D. reach（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A. as long as B. as well as C. as soon as D. so long as（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A. maintenance B. p
9、rotection C. care D. attention（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A. maintain B. retain C. contain D. attain（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A. rather than B. but C. and D. in order to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A. final B. end C. eventual D. ultimate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A. which B. when C. where D. and（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A. p
10、rotection B. ferment C. taste D. drink（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A. quality B. quantity C. nature D. aura（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A. marked B. written C. labeled D. recorded（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The subject of my study is a woman wh
11、o is initiating social change in a small region in Texas. The women are Mexican Americans who are, or were, migrant agricultural workers. There is more than one kind of innovation at work in the region, of course, but I have chosen to focus on three related patterns of family behavior.The pattern I
12、lifestyle represents how migrant farm workers of all nationalities lived in the past and how many continue to live. I treat this pattern as a baseline with which to compare the changes represented by pattern II and III. Families in pattern I work and travel in ex tended kin units, with the eldest ma
13、le occupying the position of authority. Families are large7 Eight or nine children are not unusual? And all members are economic contributors in this strategy of family migration. Families in pattern II manifest some differences in behavior while still maintaining aspects of pattern I. They continue
14、 to migrate but on a reduced scale, often modifying their schedules of migration to allow children to finish the school year. Parents in this pattern often find temporary local jobs as checkers to make up for lost farming income. Pat tern families usually have fewer children than do pattern families
15、.The greatest amount of change from pattern I, however, is in pattern III families, who no longer migrate at all. Both parents work full time in the area and have an average of three children. Children attend school for the entire year. In pattern , the women in particular create new roles for thems
16、elves for which no local models exist. They not only work full time but may, in addition, return to school. They also assume a greater responsibility in family decisions than do women in the other patterns. Although these women are in the minority among residents of the region, they serve as role mo
17、dels for others, causing moderate changes to spread in their communities.Now opportunities have continued to be determined by pre-existing values. When federal jobs became available in the region, most involved working under the direction of female professionals such as teachers or nurses. Such posi
18、tions were unaccepted to many men in the area because they were not accustomed to being subordinate to women. Women therefore took the jobs, at first, because the income was desperately needed. But some of the women decided to stay at their jobs, at first, after the family s distress. was over. Thes
19、e women enjoyed their work, its responsibility, and the companionship of fellow women workers. The steady, relatively high income allowed their families to stop migrating. And, as the benefits to these women became increasingly apparent, they and their families became even more willing to consider c
20、hanges in their lives that they would not have considered before.（分数：6.00）(1).Which of the following titles best reflects the main focus of the passage?A. A Survey of Three Mexican - American Families at Work in Texas.B. Innovative Career Women: Effects on Family Unity.C. Changes in the Life - style
21、s of Migrant Mexican - American Families.D. Farming of Family: The Unavoidable Choice for Migrant Farm Workers.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).All of the following statements about pattern children express differences EXCEPT _.A. they migrate for part of each yearB. they spend less time contributing to family
22、incomeC. they spend more months on schoolD. their parents sometimes work at jobs rather than fanning（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of women in pattern families?A. They earn a reliable and comparatively high income.B. They continue to work solely to
23、meet the urgent needs of their family.C. They enjoy the fellowship involved in working with other women.D. They serve as models of behavior for others in the region.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4)._ have an average of three children.A. Pattern families B. Pattern familiesC. Pattern families D. None of all（分数：1
24、.20）A.B.C.D.(5).The author s attitude towards the three patterns of behavior mentioned in the passage is best described as one of _.A. great admiration B. unbiased objectivityC. dissatisfaction D. indifference（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：6.00)In the end, a degree of sanity prevailed. The milit
25、ant Hindus who had vowed to breach a police cordon and start the work of building a temple to the god Ram at the disputed site of Ayodhya decided to respect a Supreme Court decision barring them from the area. So charged have Hindu-Muslim relations in India become in recent weeks, as the declared de
26、adline of March 15th neared, that a clash at Rams supposed birthplace might well have provoked bloodshed on an appalling scale across the nation. It has, unfortunately, happened often enough before.But the threat has not vanished. The courts decision is only an interim one, and the main Hindu groups
27、 have not given up on their quest to build their temple. Extreme religious violence, which seemed in recent years to have faded after the Ayodhya related explosion of 1992 1993, is again a feature of the political landscape. Though faults lie on both sides (it was a Muslim attack on Hindus in a trai
28、n in Gujarat that started the recent slaughter), the great bulk of victims were, as always, Muslims. Once again, educated Hindus are to be heard inveighing against the “appeasing“ of Muslims through such concessions as separate constitutional status for Kashmir or the right to practice Islamic civil
29、 law. Once again, the police are being accused of doing little or nothing to help Muslim victims of rampaging Hindu mobs. Once again, Indias 130m Muslims feel unequal and unsafe in their own country. Far too many Hindus would refuse to accept that it is “their own country“ at all.The wonder of it, p
30、erhaps, is that things are not worse. While the world applauds Pakistan for at last locking up the leaders of its extreme religious groups, in India the zealots still support, sustain and to a degree constitute the government. The BJP, which leads the ruling coalition, was founded as a political fro
31、nt for the Hindu movement. It is simply one, and by no means the dominant, member of what is called the Sangh Pariwar, the “family of organizations“. Other members of the family are much less savoury. There is the VHO, the World Hindu Organization, which led the movement to build the Ram temple. The
32、re is the Bajrang Dal, the brutalist “youth wing“ of the VHO. There is substantial evidence that members of the VHO and the Bajrang Dal helped to organize the slaughter of hundreds of Muslims in Gujarat after 58 Hindus were killed on a train as they returned from Ayodhya.（分数：6.00）(1).It can be learn
33、t from the text that the ruling party in India _.A. offered little assistance in the massacre of Muslisms.B. was unanimous with respect to the issue of religion.C. might have brought religious conflict into politics.D. was striving to gather evidence against militant Hindus.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).What
34、 does the writer wants to illustrate with “a Muslim attack on Hindus on a train in Gujarat“?A. The violation of a Supreme Court decision.B. Frequent clashes between Hindus and Muslims.C. The brutality of extreme Indian policemen.D. Social privileges entitled to Hindus mobs.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).Towar
35、ds the issue of Hindu-Muslim relations, the writers attitude can be said to be _.A. pessimistic.B. objective.C. scared.D. biased.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).We can learn from the text that both Hindus and Muslims are _.A. revengeful to each other.B. obedient by nature.C. respectful to the god Ram.D. politi
36、cally sensitive.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?A. Hindus seemed to be more sensible of their actions than previously.B. Dismal consequences will be in store for extreme religious groups.C. The safety of Indias Muslims depended on the good will of
37、 Hindus.D. The illegal government is responsible for the present situation in India.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The European Unions Barcelona summit, which ended on March 16th, was played out against the usual backdrop of noisy “anti-globalizati0n demonstrations and massive security. If
38、 nothing else, the demonstrations illustrated that economic liberalization in Europe-the meetings main topic-presents genuine political difficulties. Influential sections of public opinion continue to oppose anything that they imagine threatens “social Europe“, the ideal of a cradle-to-grave welfare
39、 state.In this climate of public opinion, it is not surprising that the outcome in Barcelona was modest. The totemic issue was opening up Europes energy markets. The French government has fought hard to preserve a protected market at home for its state-owned national champion, Electricite de France
40、(EDF). At Barcelona it. made a well-flagged tactical retreat. The summiteers concluded that from 2004 industrial users across Europe would be able to choose from competing energy suppliers, which should account for “at least“ 60% of the market.Since Europes energy market is worth 350 billion ( 309 b
41、illion) a year and affects just about every business, this is a breakthrough. But even the energy deal has disappointing aspects. Confining competition to business users makes it harder to show that economic liberalization is the friend rather than the foe of the ordinary person. It also allows EDF
42、to keep its monopoly in the most profitable chunk of the French market.In other areas, especially to do with Europes tough labor markets, the EU is actually going backwards. The summiteers declared that “disincentives against taking up jobs“ should be removed; 20m jobs should be created within the E
43、U by 2010. But only three days after a Barcelona jamboree, the European Commission endorsed a new law that would give all temporary-agency workers the same rights as full-timers within six weeks of getting their feet under the desk. Six out of 20 commissioners did, unusually, vote against the measur
44、e-a blatant piece of re-regulation-but the social affairs commissioner, Anna Diamantopoulou, was unrepentant, indeed triumphant. A dissatisfied liberaliser in the commission called the directive “an absolute disaster“.The summits other achievements are still more fragile. Europes leaders promised to
45、 increase spending on “research and development“ from its current figure of 1.9% of GDP a year to 3%. But how will European politicians compel businesses to invest more in research? Nobody seems to know. And the one big research project agreed on at Barcelona, the Galileo satellite-positioning syste
46、m, which is supposed to cost 3.2 billion of public money, is of dubious commercial value, since the Europeans already enjoy free access to the Americans GPA system. Edward Bannerman, head of economics at the Centre for European Reform, a Blairite think-tank, calls Galileo “the common agricultural po
47、licy in space./（分数：10.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?A. A review of EUs Barcelona summit.B. About merits of a EUs summit.C. A survey of Europes competitors.D. About the achievements of the EU.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The public launched a demonstrations against the summit with respect toA. poli
48、tical difficulties.B. its strong influence.C. imaginative ideals.D. its social welfare.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to this text, “anti-globalization“ is to “liberation“ asA. “security“ is to “threats“.B. “monopoly“ is to “competition“.C. “publicity“ is to “privacy“.D. “research“ is to “developmen
49、t“.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).We learn from the text that Edward Bannerman is probablyA. an enthusiast in agricultural policy.B. a tough leader in social affairs.C. an doubter of spending on research.D. a pioneer in space exploration.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In the eyes of the author, the EUs Barcelona summitA. turned out to be rather disappointing.B. was as productive as expected.C. proved to be quite dissatisfactory.D. was not so fruitful as anticipated.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：6.00)The first great cliche of the Inte
