1、考研英语-967 及答案解析(总分：106.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)William Appleton, author of a recent book entitled Fathers and Daughters, believes that it is a womans relationship with her father (1) decides how successful she will be in her (2) life. According to Appleton there are three im
2、portant steps a girl must (3) in her relationship with Daddy.The (4) is the “little girl“ stage in which the daughter loves and idolizes her father (5) he were a god or hero without (6) And her father loves his daughter (7) blindly, seeing her as an “oasis of smiles“in a hard, cold world. Then comes
3、 the second stage. It starts during adolescence and (8) for many years. Here, the little girl begins to rebel against Daddy and (9) his authority. He reacts with anger and (10) And the final stage comes (11) a woman reaches the age of about thirty. At this time ,the daughter sees her father not-as a
4、 hero (12) as a fool, but learns to accept him (13) he is, for better or worse. And Daddy forgives her, too, for not being the (14) little girl he had once hoped for.But not all daughters go through all three stages, and it is here that the key to a womans career (15) . Those girls who never get pas
5、t the first “oasis of smiles“ stage, (16) all their lives seek out their fathers love and approval, will never (17) in the business world. They will remain at the secretarial (18) all their lives.It is only those women who get to the final stage, those who (19) and accept Daddys faults, who can even
6、 hope to be (20) enough and independent enough to become a candidate for top-management.（分数：20.00）(1).A. who B. which C. that D. it（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. late B. later C. early D. earlier（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. get through B. get away from C. get over D. get rid of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. initial B.
7、 primary C. first D. early（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. seeming B. looking like C. as D. as if（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. errors B. blunders C. mistakes D. faults（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. just as B. the same C. as well D. so much（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. prolongs B. lasts C. persists D. lingers（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9
8、).A. looks down B. sees through C. neglects D. challenges（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. envy B. hatred C. disappointment D. affection（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. that B. which C. if D. when（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. for B. nor C. as well D. and（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. for what B. for who C. for whom D. for whoe
9、ver（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. prettiest B. beloved C. perfect D. fascinating（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. exists B. lies C. lays D. holds（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. who B. they C. that D. which（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. make out B. make it C. rise above D. promote（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. job B. post C. position
10、 D. level（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. reject B. forgive C. put up with D. neglect（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. mature B. experienced C. kind-hearted D. capable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Dogs are constantly learning from the reaction of h
11、uman owners, picking up facial cues and anticipating their owners behavior, a new research suggests. The findings, published online in the journal Learning and Behavior, show that dogs essentially are always in training, and help explain how many owners unknowingly teach and reward their dogs bad be
12、havior.Research conducted at the University of Florida focused on the role of eye contact and facial cues in influencing canine behavior. Earlier studies have suggested that dogs seem to know when they are being watched and even wait to perform forbidden behavior like digging in the garden when they
13、 know their owners arent looking. In this study, researchers studied how human cues triggered begging behavior among 35 pet dogs, 18 shelter dogs and 8 wolves raised in captivity. First the animals were taught that the human strangers helping with the experiment were reliable sources of tasty treats
14、. The testers stood close together and called to the animal, and both offered rewards of Spam cubes or Beggin Strips treats.After four rewards, the experiment began. Two testers stood against a fence or wall, about 20 feet apart and with food in their pockets. The dog was held about 20 feet away, eq
15、uidistant from both testers. In one condition, one tester faced the dog while the other turned her back. In another, a tester held a book near her face, while the other tester held the book in front of her face, as if she were reading. In a third condition, one tester held a bucket near the shoulder
16、, while the other put the bucket over her head, blocking her eyes.Then, both testers called out to the dogs. All the animalspet dogs, shelter dogs and wolvesignored the person whose back was turned and sought food from the person who was looking at them. “The question was, are dogs and wolves respon
17、sive to a humans attentional state?“ said Monique Udell, an assistant professor of psychology at Flagler College, Fla. But when the testers held books, it was only the domestic dogs who avoided the person who appeared to be reading the book. “In a house where theyre used to people reading books, the
18、y are sensitive to those types of cues,“ said Dr. Udell. Interestingly, in the bucket experiment, the animals, for the most part, were equally likely to seek food from the person with the bucket over her head as the person holding the bucket.The experiment shows that dogs are tuned into whether huma
19、ns are paying attention. “Dogs dont have to read our minds. Dogs read our behavior,“ said Dr. Udell. Pet owners often get frustrated with bad dog behavior without realizing that they themselves have reinforced it, either by giving the dog a treat when they beg, skipping a bath when they protest or l
20、etting them sleep on the bed or couch.（分数：10.00）(1).The new study found thatA. dogs never behave badly if their owners give them no cues.B. forbidden behavior is harder to train in canine animals.C. dogs behavior can never be shaped by conscious training.D. cues from humans help shape the behavior o
21、f canine animals.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The experiment shows that domestic animalsA. are more responsive to human attentional state.B. feel more intimate to their human masters.C. are not easily fooled by human behavior.D. demonstrate greater interest in facial cues.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The possible r
22、eason why most animals turned to the person with the bucket is thatA. they thought the bucket contained food.B. they could not read that cue.C. the person did not turn his back on them.D. the person only half hid his face.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The expression “are tuned into“ probably meansA. be ignor
23、ant of.B. be insensitive to.C. be responsive to.D. be oblivious to.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The best title for the text isA. Your Dog Is Watching You.B. Dogs Are More Intelligent Than You Think.C. Dogs Are the Greatest Cheaters of the World.D. Dogs Are Often Taught to Perform Forbidden Behavior.（分数：2.00
24、）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：6.00)In recent years American society has become increasingly dependent on its universities to find solutions to its major problems. It is the universities that have been charged with the principal responsibility for developing the expertise to place men on the moon; for d
25、ealing with our urban problems, and with our deteriorating environment; for developing the means to feed the worlds rapidly increasing population. The effort involved in meeting these demands presents its own problems. In addition, this concentration on the creation of new knowledge significantly im
26、pinges on the universities efforts to perform their other principal functions, the transmission and interpretation of knowledge - the imparting of the heritage of the past and the preparing of the next generation to carry it forward.With regard to this, perhaps their most traditionally sanctioned ta
27、sk, colleges and universities today find themselves in a serious bind generally. On the one hand, there is the American commitment, entered into especially since World War II, to provide higher education for all young people who can profit from it. The result of the commitment has been a dramatic ri
28、se in enrollments in our universities, coupled with a radical shift from the private to the public sector of higher education. On the other hand, there are serious and continuing limitations on the resources available for higher education.While higher education has become a great “growth industry“,
29、it is also simultaneously a tremendous drain on the resources of the nation. With the vast increase in enrollment and the shift in priorities away from education in state and federal budgets, there is in most of our public institutions a significant decrease in per capita outlay for their students.
30、One crucial aspect of this drain on resources lies in the persistent shortage of trained faculty, which has led, in turn, to a declining standard of competence in instruction.Intensifying these difficulties is, as indicated above, the concern with research, with its competing claims on resources and
31、 the attention of the faculty. In addition, there is a strong tendency for the institutions organization and functioning to conform to the demands of research rather thorn those of teaching.（分数：6.00）(1).According to the author, _ is the most important function of institutions of higher education.A.
32、creating new knowledgeB. providing solutions to social problemsC. making experts on sophisticated industries out of their studentsD. preparing their students to transmit inherited knowledge（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the passage, one cause for the difficulties of American higher education is t
33、hat_A. the government has stopped giving public institutions as much financial support as it used toB. America has always been encouraging young people to go to collegeC. many public institutions have replaced private onesD. the government only finances such researches as that or placing man on the
34、moon（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).The phrase “impinge on“ in Paragraph 1 most probably means_A. promote B. rely onC. have an impact on D. block（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).A serious outcome brought out by the shortage of resources is that_A. many public institutions have to cut down enrollments of studentsB. teacher
35、s are not qualified enough for satisfactory performance in classesC. some institutions have to reduce the expenses on researchD. there is keen competition for resources and attention of faculty between public and private（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is not true?_A. American
36、society has failed to provide these institutions with adequate resources to meet their needsB. Though in difficulty, these institutions are determined to fulfil both research and teachingfunctionsC. American society has relied too much on their institutions of higher education to allow them for easy
37、 adjustment to all their functionsD. More resources and efforts of faculty are needed for research work than teaching work（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Is the literary critic like the poet, responding creatively, intuitively, subjectively to the written word as the poet responds to human
38、experience? Or is the critic more like a scientist, following a series of demonstrable, verifiable steps, using an objective method of analysis?For the woman who is a practitioner of feminist literary criticism, the subjectivity versus objectivity, or critic-as-artist-or-scientist, debate has specia
39、l significance; for her, the question is not only academic, but political as well, and her definition will provoke special risks whichever side of the issue it favors. If she defines feminist criticism as objective and scientific-a valid, verifiable, intellectual method that anyone, whether man or w
40、oman, can perform-the definition not only makes the critic-as-artist approach impossible, but may also hinder accomplishment of the utilitarian political objectives of those who seek to change the academic establishment and its thinking, especially about sex roles. If she defines feminist criticism
41、as creative and intuitive, privileged as art, then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas about the ways in which women think, and will be dismissed by much of the academic establishment. Because of these prejudices, women who use an intuitive approach in their criticism
42、may find themselves charged with inability to be analytical, to be objective, or to think critically. Whereas men may be free to claim the role of critic-as-artist, women run different professional risks when they choose intuition and private experience as critical method and defense.These questions
43、 are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle, in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars only now entering the academic profession in su
44、bstantial numbers will be at stake, and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding, a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.As long as the academic establishment continues to regard objective analysis as “masculine“ and
45、an intuitive approach as “feminine,“ the theoretician must steer a delicate philosophical course between the two. If she wishes to construct a theory of feminist criticism, she would be well advised to place it within the framework of a general theory of the critical process that is neither purely o
46、bjective nor purely intuitive. Her theory is then more likely to be compared and contrasted with other theories of criticism with some degree of dispassionate distance. (418 words)（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following titles best summarizes the content of the text?A. How Theories of Literary Criticis
47、m Can Best Be UsedB. Problems Confronting Women Who Are Feminist Literary CriticsC. A Historical Overview of Feminist Literary CriticismD. Literary Criticism: Art or Science（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the author, the debate has special significance for the woman who is a theoretician of femini
48、st literary criticism becauseA. women who are literary critics face professional risks different from those faced by men who are literary critics.B. there are large numbers of capable women working within the academic establishment.C. there are a few powerful feminist critics who have been recognize
49、d by the academic establishment.D. like other critics, most women who are literary critics define criticism as either scientific or artistic.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The author specifically mentions all of the following as difficulties that particularly affect women who are theoreticians of feminist literary criticism EXCEPT theA. tendency of a predominantly male academic establishment to form preconceptions about women.B. limitations that are imposed when criticism is defined as objective and scientific.C. likelihood that the work of a woman theoret
