1、考研英语-962 及答案解析(总分：106.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior. He must obtain (1) both on resources of consumers and on the motives t
2、hat (2) to encourage or discourage money spending.If an (3) were asked which of three groups borrow most - people with rising incomes, (4) incomes, or declining incomes - he would (5) answer: those with declining incomes. Actually, in the years 1997 -2000, the answer was: people with rising incomes.
3、 People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the (6) . This shows us that tradition- al (7) about earning and spending are not always (8) Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will (9) to buy. If they expect p
4、rices to go down, they will postpone buying. (10) research surveys have shown that this is not always (11) The expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying. One (12) attitude was ex- pressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices. Her family had been plannin
5、g to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase. (13) , the rise in prices that has al- ready taken place may be resented and buyers resistance may be evoked.The (14) mentioned above was carried out in America. Investigations (15) at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that
6、were more (16) traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns. The condition most contributive to spending (17) to be price stability. If prices have been stable and people consider that they are (18) , they are likely to buy. Thus, it appears that the common (19) policy of maintaining s
7、table prices is based on a correct understanding of (20) psychology.（分数：20.00）(1).A. data B. materials C. money D. things（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. attend B. intend C. tend D. pretend（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. educator B. economist C. artist D. editor（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. similar B. sound C. stable D. e
8、qual（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. especially B. particularly C. approximately D. probably（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. most B. least C. fewest D. worst（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A. assumptions B. ideas C. thoughts D. concepts（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. comprehensible B. understandable C. responsible D. reliable（分数：1.00）A
9、.B.C.D.(9).A. delay B. hesitate C. hasten D. hurry（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10).A. But B. However C. So D. Although（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11).A. real B. true C. actual D. genuine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12).A. radical B. accidental C. typical D. superficial（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13).A. Nevertheless B. Furthermore C. Whereas
10、 D. Therefore（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).A. examination B. research C. project D. investigation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15).A. reduced B. conducted C. produced D. deducted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16).A. in comparison with B. in combination withC. in agreement with D. in company with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17).A. appears B. o
11、ccurs C. happens D. expects（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18).A. available B. obtainable C. reasonable D. responsible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19).A. bank B. trade C. industry D. business（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20).A. consumer B. client C. customer D. buyer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：
12、0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The long year of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing (定量供应 ) is virtually suspended, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is wi
13、despread uneasiness arid confusion. Why do food prices keep on rising, when there seems to be so much more food about? Is the abundance only temporary, or has it come to stay？Does it mean that we need to think less now about producing more food at home? No one knows what to expect.The recent growth
14、of export-surpluses on the world food market has certainly been unexpectedly great, partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britains overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this and home production has a
15、lso risen.But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a simultaneous rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also be
16、cause people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices have begun to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than the home -produced variety. And now grain prices, too a
17、re falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from this trend.The significance of these developments is not lost on farmers. The older generation have seen it all happen before. Despite the present price and market guarantees, farmers fear they are about to be
18、squeezed between cheap food imports and a shrinking home market. Present production is running at 51 per cent above pre-war levels, and the government has called for an expansion to 60 per cent by 1956; but repeated ministerial advice is carrying little weight and the expansion program is not workin
19、g very well.（分数：10.00）(1).Why does the author mention “there is wide-spread uneasiness and confusion“ (Line 4, Para. 1)? _ A. The abundant food supply is not expected to lastB. Britain is importing less foodC. Despite the abundance, food prices keep risingD. Britain will cut back on its production o
20、f food（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).It is clear that the main reason for the rise in food prices is that_A. people are buying less foodB. the government is providing less financial support for agricultureC. domestic food production has decreasedD. imported food is driving prices higher（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Th
21、e reason for the governments expansion program working not so well is_.A. because the farmers were uncertain about the financial support the government guaranteedB. because the farmers were uncertain about the benefits of expanding productionC. because the farmers were uncertain whether foreign mark
22、ets could be found for their produceD. because the older generation of farmers were strongly against the program（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The drop of the world food prices was a result of_.A. a sharp fall in the purchasing power of the consumersB. a sharp fait in the cost of food productionC. the overpro
23、duction of food in the food-importing countriesD. the overproduction on the part of the main food-exporting countries（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The future for Britains food production at that time looked like that_.A. the fall in world food prices would benefit British food producersB. an expansion of foo
24、d production was at handC. British food producers would receive more government financial supportD. it looks depressing despite government guarantees（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Does using a word processor affect a writer s style?The medium usually does do something to the message after a
25、ll, even if Marshall McLuhan s claim that the medium simply is the message has been heard and largely forgotten now. The question matters. Ray Hammond, in his excellent guide The Writer and the Word Processor, predicts that over half the professional writers in Britain and the USA will be using word
26、 processors by the end of 1985. The best known recruit is Leu Deighton, from as long ago as 1968, though most users have only started since the microcomputer boom began in 1980.Ironically word processing is in some ways psychologically more like writing in rough than typing, since it restores fluidi
27、ty and provisionality to the text. The typist s dread of having to get out the Tippex, the scissors and paste, or of redoing the whole thing if he has any substantial second thoughts, can make him consistently choose the safer option in his sentences, or let something stand which he knows to be unsa
28、tisfactory or incomplete, out of weariness. In word processing the text is loosened up whilst still retaining the advantage of looking formally finished.This has, I think, two apparently contradictory effects. The initial writing can become excessively sloppy and careless, in the expectation that it
29、 will be corrected later. That crucial first inspiration is never easy to recapture, though, and therefore, on the other hand, the writing can become over - deliberated, lacking in flow and spontaneity, since revision becomes a larger part of composition. However, these are faults easier to detect i
30、n others than in oneself. My own experience of the sheer difficulty of committing any words at all to the page means I m grateful for all the help I can get.For most writers, word processing quite rapidly comes to feel like the ideal method ( and can always be a second step after drafting on paper i
31、f you prefer). Most of the writers interviewed by Hammond say it has improved their style ( “immensely“, says Deighton). Seeing your own word on a screen helps you to feel cool and detached about them.Thus is not just by freeing you from-the labor of mechanical retyping that a word processor can hel
32、p you to write. One author (Terence Feely) claims it has increased his output by 400%. Possibly the feeling of having a reactive machine, which appears to do things, rather than just have things done with it, accounts for this-your slave works hard and so do you.Are there no drawbacks? It costs a lo
33、t and takes time to learn-“ expect to lose weeks of work“, says Hammond, though days might be nearer the mark. Notoriously it is possible to lose work altogether on a word processor, and this happens to everybody at least once. The awareness that what you have written no longer exists anywhere at al
34、l, is unbelievably enraging and baffling.Will word processing generally raise the level of professional writing then? Does it make writers better as well as more productive? Though all users insist it has done so for them individually, this is hard to believe. But reliance happens fast.（分数：6.00）(1).
35、According to the passage what appears to be changing rapidly in Britain and the USA?A. The style writers are employing.B. The way new writers are being recruited.C. The medium authors are using.D. The message authors are putting forward.（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(2).Typing a manuscript in the conventional ma
36、nner may make a writer _.A. have a lot of second thoughtsB. become overcritical of his or her workC. make more mistakesD. take few risks（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(3).One effect of using a word processor may be that the ongoing revision of a text _.A. is done with too little attentionB. produces a sloppy effe
37、ctC. fails to produce a fluent styleD. does not encourage one to pick up mistakes（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(4).It is claimed here that word processor create _.A. a feeling of distance between a writer and his or her workB. the illusion that you are the servant of the machineC. a sensation of powerD. a reluct
38、ance in the author to express himself or herself（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.(5).As large as learning to use a word processor is concerned the writer of the passage feels that Hammond _.A. is understating the problemB. exaggerates one drawbackC. is too skeptical about the advantage ,D. overestimates the danger
39、of losing text（分数：1.20）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Africas elephants are divided between the savannahs of eastern and southern Africa and the forests of central Africa. Some biologists reckon the forest ones-smaller, with shorter, straighter tusks-may even constitute a distinct species. But not
40、for long, at the latest rate of poaching. The high price of ivory is increasing the incentive to kill elephants everywhere in Africa, and especially in places where there is virtually no law. The latest reports suggest that the forest elephant population is collapsing on the back of rising Chinese d
41、emand for ivory. Some conservationists argue that a recent decision by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) to auction 108 tonnes of stockpiled ivory from southern Africa may be prompting more poaching in central and eastern Africa, as criminals seek to mix illicit ivo
42、ry in with the legitimate kind. But some economists maintain that the legitimate sale of ivory lowers prices, thus decreasing the incentive to poach. A study of a previous sale of ivory suggested it did not lead to more intensive poaching. Either way, the Congo basin is “ hemorrhaging elephants “, s
43、ays TRAFFIC, which monitors trade in wildlife. The head of the 790,000-hectare (1,952,000-acre) Virunga National Park in eastern Congo, Emmanuel de Merode, reports that 24 elephants have been poached in his park so far this year. The situation is dire: 2,900 elephants roamed Virunga when Congo becam
44、e independent in 1964,400 in 2006, and fewer than 200 today. Most have been poached by militias, particularly Hutu rebels from Rwanda who hack off the ivory and sell it to middlemen in Kinshasa, Congos capital, who then smuggle it to China. Once ivory has left its country of origin, and if it is not
45、 seized by customs officials, it can be hard to identify its source and those responsible for acquiring it. But forensic help may be at hand. Scientists from the University of Washington are using genetic markers in elephant dung to identify exactly where ivory has been poached. This should help gov
46、ernments in countries such as Tanzania and Zambia, which are capable of catching poachers, but not in anarchic eastern Congo, where 120-odd rangers have been killed in Virunga in recent years trying to protect elephants and gorillas. With an influx of businessmen and other officials from China engag
47、ed in infrastructure projects such as road building and logging, the slaughter is expected to accelerate. Forest elephants may survive in large numbers only in remote protected pockets of the Congo basin, such as the Odzala-Koukoua National Park in Congo-Brazzaville and Minkebe National Park in nort
48、heast Gabon. （分数：10.00）(1).Why those elephants dwell in forests may be a distinct species? A. Biological evidences are insufficient to support this point of view. B. The high price of ivory entices more killings of elephants. C. Their number is too small to be of a species. D. A serious disease brok
49、e out among the elephants and sharply decreased their number.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What does “poaching“ mean (Para 1, Line 4) ? A. Hunt or kill legally. B. Die in serious drought. C. Caught for taming. D. Hunt or kill illegally.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the text, what is the intention of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) to auction the stockpiled ivory? A. To get income for the convention. B. To lower the price of ivory, thus decreasing the incentive to poach. C. To dispose of the customs s
