1、考研英语-808 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)To the people of the Bijagos archipelago, the shark is sacred. In (1) ceremonies young men from these islands (2) the coast of Guinea-Bissau must spear a shark and present the liver to their (3) But can this ancient ceremony (4)
2、 the economic fact that a bowl of sharks fin soup can cost $150 in the Far East?In the archipelago, and all along West Africas coast, sharks are being “finned“ to (5) Fishermen can earn $50-80 (6) a kilo of sharks fins. far more than ordinary fish. By the time they (7) the Far East, they could be (8
3、) $500 a kilo or more. valuable (9) aphrodisiacs as well as for gourmets.The high demand is (10) shark populations in West Africa and elsewhere. Most fish, .vulnerable to (11) eaten by bigger fish, protect their species by laying millions of eggs. But the shark has no natural enemy (12) man. and giv
4、es birth to just a (13) of young. (14) female sharks are often caught (15) pregnant, the result has been predictably disastrous. Shark-like sawfish, which are also “finned“. are already virtually (16) off the Bijagos islands, and guitarfish are (17) threat.In some parts of West Africa, when sharks a
5、nd other similar fish have been finned, the rest of the flesh is often (18) , salted and exported to places like Ghana, where there is a (19) for lt. Dried shark is used much (20) a stock cube would be elsewhere. But in the Bijagos islands, where traders are uninterested in exporting dried shark, ca
6、rcasses are often left to rot on the beach.（分数：10.00）A.beginningB.startC.initiationD.initialA.aboveB.alongC.onD.offA.eldersB.ancestorsC.familyD.relativesA.endureB.live onC.outlastD.surviveA.deathB.dieC.dyingD.be diedA.byB.forC.atD.fromA.attainB.reachC.arriveD.achieveA.worthfulB.worthwhileC.worthyD.w
7、orthA.asB.likeC.because ofD.forA.miningB.devastatingC.destroyingD.spoilingA.beingB.beC.beenD.isA.excludingB.besidesC.butD.besideA.handB.littleC.fewD.handfulA.WhenB.SinceC.BecauseD.AsA.whenB.asC.duringD.whistA.destroyedB.extinctC.diedD.vanishedA.inB.underC.atD.below18A.parchedB.dryC.dryingD.driedA.de
8、mandB.needC.wantD.requestA.sameB.likingC.asD.alike二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)At the end of last year, a town called Friendship Heights, in Marylands Montgomery County, approved Americas (and thus the worlds) strictest tobacco policy. Town office
9、rs courageously banned smoking on all public property, including streets, pavements and public squares. “Its a public health issue,“ said the mayor, Alfred Muller. who is also a doctor. “We dont have the right to outlaw tobacco. but were doing what we can within our rights.“This newspaper has expres
10、sed disgruntlement with the element of intolerance that is increasingly manifesting itself within Americas anti-tobacco movement. It must be said, however, that brave Friendship Heights has discovered an approach that liberals can embrace. Private property is its owners sanctuary, but the public rul
11、es in public spaces. Undeniably, the streets belong to the government; what happens in them. therefore, is the governments business.On this worthy principle, smoking should be merely the beginning. For example, it is clear that the consumption of fatty foods contributes to heart disease, strokes and
12、 other deadly disease. Besides, eating junk makes you fat and ugly. What people do at home is their own affair, but why allows them to abuse the public streets for this gluttony? Americas pavements and boardwalks are overridden with persons, many of them overweight, who amble along licking ice cream
13、 or gobbling chips. In many cities, hot dogs are spreaded, quite openly, on the pavement itself. All this should be stopped. Not just in Friendship Heights but in other enlightened districts, it should be illegal to eat anything but low-fat foods in public zones. Because Americans consume too little
14、 by way of fruits and vegetables, in time (it is best to move slowly, because peoples rights must be respected) streets should become strictly vegetarian.More can be done. Shrieking newspaper headlines create stress for those who may not wish to view them. People who want to buy and read papers shou
15、ld therefore be required to do so in private. America has long and justly sought to prevent the entanglement of religion with public life. What people do in church or at home is their business. However, praying, sermonizing or wearing religious garb in the streets surely compromises the requirement
16、that the public will not be dragoored into supporting religion.There is the environment to consider, as well. That people exhale carbon dioxide in public places. thus contributing to global warming, is probably inevitable, and Americas politicians would be wise to permit it. But methane, too. is a g
17、reenhouse gas, and an odiferous one. Its emission in public places. where it can neither be avoided nor filtered, seems an imposition on both planetary hygiene and human comfort. Breakers of wind, surely, can be required to wait until they can answer their needs in private; and prosecuted when they
18、fail.Fame. then. to Friendship Heights. Other towns should take note. If they intend to fulfill their responsibilities to the health and welfare of citizens, to public order, and above all to the public streets and parks whose rights the authorities are sworn to uphold, then the way ahead is clear.（
19、分数：10.00）(1).Alfred Mullers words imply_.（分数：2.00）A.laws do a lot for public healthB.he cant make laws about the tobaccoC.what he has done is benefiting the peopleD.the mayors approval is the important factor in making laws(2).Which of the following measures CANNOT be taken for good of public health
20、?（分数：2.00）A.Smoking is banned in public places.B.People are forbidden to eat fatty food on all public property.C.People are restricted in emitting carbon dioxide in public places.D.People are not permitted to read newspapers with shrieking headlines(3).The word “disgruntlement“ (Line 1, Par（分数：2.00）
21、A.2) means_.A. intoleranceB. sarcasmC. welcomeD. dissatisfaction(4).Which is NOT the peoples private thing?（分数：2.00）A.Reading newspaper.B.Playing in the street.C.Smoking.D.Sleeping at hom(5).Which one is TRUE about the author?（分数：2.00）A.He thinks the Friendship Height law is just a stunt.B.He is car
22、eless about the law.C.He thinks that although it is not bad to set up such laws. the law-makers must think about it practicallyD.He is optimistic about the laws being carrie五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Over the years, as the musical “Rent“ has reached milestone after milestoneplaying around the world in
23、more than 200 productions from Boise to Little Rock to Reykjavikthe thousands of people who have been affected by this vibrant, gritty and compassionate work may well wonder what its creator, Jonathan Larson, would have thought of it all. Another milestone came on Monday .night. The original Broadwa
24、y production of “Rent“ opened at the Nederlander Theater l0 years ago this Saturday. That production, directed by Michael Greif, was an almost-intact transfer of the initial production at the New York Theater Workshop, which had opened three months earlier.To celebrate the anniversary the original c
25、ast members reassembled, rehearsed for two days and performed the show in a semi-staged version at the Nederlander on Monday. The event was a benefit for the New York Theater Workshop, for Friends in Deed (a support organization that gave comfort to several of Mr. Larsons friends dealing with H.I.V.
26、 infections.). and for the Jonathan Larson Performing Arts Foundation, which was set up by his family after the enormous success of “Rent“.Before the performance, the co-chairmen of the benefit told the star-studded audience that more than $2 million had been raised. Also addressing the crowd were S
27、enator Charles E. Schumer and Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg, who praised “Rent“ as a timeless work exemplifying “culture, community and creativity,“ in the mayors words, and saluted the shows vast contributions to New Yorks theatrical life.Once again you could only think, “Would Jonathan ever have imag
28、ined all this?“ Mr. Larson, who wrote the music, lyrics and books for his stage works, struggled for more than 10 years to get a producer to take a shot at one of his shows. Now he was being posthumously thanked for giving Broadway a creative and economic boost. “Rent“ is the seventh longest running
29、 show in Broadway history.I count myself among those who were personally affected by Mr. Larsons work. because of the inadvertent role I played in the last hours of his life. In 1996 an editor at The Times tipped me off to the opening of a rock musical, inspired by. “La Boheme“, which transplanted P
30、uccinis struggling bohemians from Paris in the 1830s to the East Village in 1990s. So on Jan. 24 I went to the New York Theater Workshop m see the dress rehearsal of “Rent“, which was scheduled to open in February.That performance was pretty ragged, with technical glitches and a misbehaving sound sy
31、stem. But I was swept away by the sophistication and exuberance of Mr. Larsons music and the mix of tenderness and cleverness in his lyrics. After the show Mr. Larson and I sat down for an interview in the tiny ticket booth of the theater, the only quiet space we could find amid the post-rehearsal c
32、onfusion. For almost an hour, this sad-eyed and boyish. creator talked about his approach to songwriting, his determination to bring the American musical tradition to the MTV generation, and about friends snuggling with H:I.V. infection who had inspired the show.（分数：10.00）(1).The fact that the origi
33、nal production was an almost-intact transfer of the initial production at the New York Theater Workshop implies that_.（分数：2.00）A.“Rent“ was a classical workB.Michael Greif Was a conservative directorC.“Rent“ was conservativeD.people were nostalgic(2).“Another milestone“ in the first paragraph refers
34、 to_.（分数：2.00）A.“Rent“ has been played in more than 200 productionsB.thousands of people have been affected by “Rent“C.it has welcomed its 10-year anniversaryD.that production was a transfer of the initial production(3).The word “boost“ (Line 4, Par（分数：2.00）A.4) implies_.A. inspirationB. pushC. incr
35、easeD. help(4).Mr. Larson tried his best to make his musical on show in order to_.（分数：2.00）A.make a profitB.raise fund for his friends straggling withH.LV. infectionC.make the world know himD.reform the American musical tradition(5).The best title for this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.Eternal Rent, Eterna
36、l SoulB.History of RentC.On the Anniversary of RentD.Benefit of Rent六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“I was a lover, before this war.“ Those are the fast words sung on TV on the Radios “Return to Cookie Mountain,“ one of the most widely praised albums of 2006. Whatever the line means within the bands cryptic
37、 lyrics, it could also apply to the past years popular music. Thoughts of romance, vice and comfort still dominated the charts and the airwaves. But amid the entertainment, songwriters including some aiming for the Top 10were also grappling with a war that wouldnt go away.Pops political consciousnes
38、s rises in every election year, and much as it became clear in November that voters are tired of war, music in 2006 also reflected battle fatigue. Beyond typical wartime attitudes of belligerence, protest and yearning for peace, in 2006 pop moved toward something different: a mood somewhere between
39、resignation and a siege mentality.Songs that touched on the war in 2006 were suffused with the mournful and resentful knowledge thats Nell Young titled the album he made and rush-released in the springwe are “Living With War,“ and will be for some time. Awareness of the war throbs like a chronic hea
40、dache behind more pleasant distractions.The cultural response to war in Iraq and the war on terrorismone protracted, the other possibly endlessdoesnt have an exact historical parallel. Unlike World War , the current situation has brought little national unity; unlike the Vietnam era, ours has no app
41、reciable domestic support for Americas opponents. Iraq may be mining into a quagmire and civil war like Vietnam, but the current war has not inspired talk of generation wide rebellion (,perhaps because theres no draft m pit young against old) or any colorful, psychedelically defiant counterculture.
42、The war songs of the 21st century have been sober and earnest, pragmatic rather than fanciful.Immediate responses to 9/11 and to the invasion of Iraq arrived along familiar lines. There was anger and saber-rattling at first, particularly in country music: the Dixie Chicks career was upended in 2003
43、when Natalie Maines disparaged the president on the eve of the Iraq invasion. There were folky protest songs about weapons and oil profiteering, like “The Price of Oil“ by Billy Bragg; in a 21st-century touch, there were denunciations of news media complicity from songwriters as varied as Merle Hagg
44、ard, Nellie McKay and the punk-rock band Anti-Flag.Rappers, who were already slinging war metaphors for everything from rhyme battles to tales of drag-dealing crime soldiers, soon exploited the multitude of rhymes for Iraq. while some. like Eminem and OutKast, also bluntly attacked the president and
45、 the war.In 2006 songwriters who Usually stick to love songs found themselves paying attention to the war as well. “A new year, a new enemy/another soldier gone to war,“ John Legend sings in “Coming Home,“ the song that ends his 2006 album, “Once Again.“ its a soldiers letter home, wondering if his
46、gtrlfriend still cares. “It seems the wars will never end. but well make it home again,“ Mr. Legend croons, more wishful than confident.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first paragraph, the most popular songs of 2006 are about EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.entertainmentB.leisureC.loveD.war(2).The pop music about
47、 war in 2006 is different from the former ones in that_.（分数：2.00）A.it searches for peaceB.it protest against the warC.it has a tendency of resignationD.it stresses the continuous presence of the war(3).The word “protracted“ (Line 1, Par（分数：2.00）A.4)means_.A. endedB. prolongedC. protrudedD. terminate
48、d(4).The mood of the song “Coming Home“ is_.（分数：2.00）A.resentfulB.mournfulC.hatefulD.bitter(5).The best title of this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.The Political Consciousness of Pop SongsB.The Pop Album of 2006C.The New Tread of the 2006 PopD.The War Songs of the 2006 Pop七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Watching a
49、 three-and-a-half-pound chicken roast in 14 minutes, time loses all meaning. The skin turns gold and crisp, juices immediately rise to the surface, and the flesh firms before your eyes. Its dizzying and seductive, like the home makeovers on TV that compress as “Wow.“ you think “I could do this every single night.“The makers of the TurboChef, a super-fast oven, used at Subway and Starbucks and, recently, by chefs like Charlie Trotter and Gray Kurtz, are banking on that reaction.
